简介：从Changjiang河(长江)河口，Hangzhou海湾，和他们的邻近的水的表面沉积为他们的谷物尺寸分发，器官的碳(OC)集中，和稳定的碳同位素作文被分析(13C)。把分析基于这，大约36件表面沉积样品从各种各样的环境被选择并且分开了成沙(>0.250公里，0.1250.250公里，0.0630.125公里)并且淤泥(0.0250.063公里)由湿筛的分别方法的部分，并且推进进淤泥--(0.0040.025公里)并且泥土大小(<0.004公里)由离心的分别的部分。六个谷物尺寸范畴的沉积为他们的OC和13探索谷物的C内容在学习区域缩放沉积OC的作文和运输路径。从对粗糙的部分好，分别地，OC内容是1.18%，0.51%，0.46%，0.42%，0.99%，和0.48%当时13Cwas21.64,22.03,22.52,22.46,22.36，and22.28分别地。在每个尺寸范畴，OC贡献分别地是42.96%，26.06%，9.82%，5.75%，7.09%，和8.33%。在泥土和好淤泥部分的OC内容(<0.025公里)是大约69.02%。高OC集中主要被发现在近海在Changjiang河河口的东北，在在Changjiang河和Hangzhou海湾的更低的河口的现代沉积，并且在气旋的埃迪的现代沉积现代沉积到济州岛的西南。与13体积沉积的C显示在Changjiang河河口的陆上的器官的材料是搬运朝海的方向并且经由二条小径驱散现代沉积到气旋的埃迪到济州岛的西南：一个人是Changjiang河的结果冲淡的水(CDW)北方江苏沿海的水流和黄海沿海的水流驾驶的向东北的延长分支，当另一个是CDW的结果时台湾温暖的水流驾驶的向南方的延长分支。

简介：Nitrogen-dopedthree-dimensional(3D)porouscarbonmaterialshavenumerousapplicationsduetotheirhighlyporousstructures,abundantstructuralnitrogenheteroatomdecorationandlowdensities.Herein,nitrogendopedhierarchical3Dporouscarbons(NHPC)werepreparedviaanovelmetal–organicaerogel(MOA),usinghexamethylenetetramine(HMT),1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylicacidandcopper(II)asstartingmaterials.Themorphology,porousstructureofthebuildingblocksintheNHPCcanbetunedreadilyusingdifferentamountofHMT,whichmakeselongationofthepristineoctahedronofHKUST-1togiverisetodifferentaspectratiorod-likestructures.Theas-preparedNHPCwithrod-likecarbonsexhibithighperformanceinlithiumsulfurbatteryduetotherationaliontransferpathways,highN-dopeddopingandhierarchicalporousstructures.Asaresult,theinitialspecificcapacityof1341mAh/gatrateof0.5C(1C=1675mAh/g)andhigh-ratecapabilityof354mAh/gat5Cwasachieved.Thedecayover500cyclesis0.08%percycleat1C,highlightingthelong-cycleLi–Sbatteries.

简介：

简介：Settingmonitoringtransectinthemiddleandshallowwaterarea(altitude156-172m)inThreeGorgesreservoirhydro-fluctuationbelttoresearchthechangingcharacteristicsofthecontentsofN,P,K,pHandorganicmatterofthesoilwhichexperiencedtheinfluenceoffluctuationthefirsttime.Theresultsshowedthatbytheinfluenceofwaterlevelfluctuating,contentsofsoilN,P,K,pHandorganicmatterhadreducedindifferentsoillayersinhydro-fluctuationbelt.TheavailableNdecreasedby41.53%-59.87%,availablePdecreasedby5.26%-36.76%,availableKdecreasedby3.55%-45.56%,totalNdecreasedby9.52%-40.00%,totalPhadnochangegenerally,totalKhaddecreasedalittle,contentoforganicmaterialdecreasedby7.62%-37.83%%,pHvalueturnedtoneutral,changedby1.73%-9.58%.

简介：集中和在Castanopsiskawakamii和中国冷杉木(Cunninghamialanceolata)的单一经营种植园的森林地板的文档的季节的动力学在Sanming被估计，福建，中国(26°11′30″N，117°26′00″E)。福雷斯特地板样品在2002在1月，4月，7月和10月被拿并且划分成波形的镇静的材料(地平线Oi)，部分分解了器官的材料(地平线Oe)，并且充分分解了器官的材料(horizonOa)。在收集之上，样品的文档集中被高温TOC分析。Theresults证明中国冷杉木的累年平均文档集中(1341.7mg·kg~(在森林地板的-1))比Castanopsiskawakamii的高(1178.9mg·kg~(-1))。在DOCconcentrations的差别在森林地板的三根地平线之中被观察。二个森林里的森林地板的文档集中在地平线Oe是最高的。文档集中的季节的趋势森林地板的冷淡的地平线是类似的，最大的价值发生在秋天(或冬季)。集中和学习森林里的文档的时间的变化可能与在在森林地板的有机物的潮湿，温度，生物学的活性和数量的变化有关。

简介：Someelectrochemicalproperties,suchaspH,Eh,andvoltammetricbehavior.ofthedecompositionproductsofricestrawandtheinteractionsoftheseproductswithsoilswerestudied.ThepH,Eh,andamountsoforganicreducingsubstanceschangedmarkedlyduringthe6-dayanaerobicdecomposition.pHdecreasedsharplytopH5onthetenthdayandthenincreasedgraduallyto7onthe45rhday.Theamountsoforganicreducingsubstancesincreasedalmostsynchronouslywiththefallofredoxpotentialduringthefirst15days.Thedifferentialpulsevoltammetric(dpv)behaviorchangednotonlyinthepeakcurrentbutalsointhepeakpotential.Thefractionswithapparentmolecularweightslowerthan200daltonsappearedtobeactiveindpvbehavior.Theelectricchargeandpositivelycharged,respectively.Thegroupwithalowapparentmolecularweightandanegativechargewasthemaincomponentsresponsiblefortheloweranodicpeakpotentials.Theywereoxidizedfirstduringtheinteractionsoftheorganicreducingsubstanceswithsoils.

简介：如果，这研究的目的是检验杆菌细菌的某些紧张，能在干燥粉末产品幸存并且如果那么，细菌能降级在一艘轮船上的盐的废水的器官的沾染物。作为学习的部分，我们孤立7驯养的紧张说出NY1，NY2，...，并且NY7，紧张NY6出现了为有机物降级有最好的表演并且能在干燥粉末幸存超过3个月。NY6作为杆菌aerius被识别，基于词法并且药品化学药品性质。它的最佳的生长条件如下：咸度是2%；温度是37吗？？

简介：Effectsofself-coilingoforganicmoleculesonintramolecularexciplexformationofcompoundI,inwhichthecarbazolechromophoreandterephthalicacidmethylesteracceptorgrouparelinkedbyone(CH2)10chain,andthedecreaseofthefluorescenceintensitiesofcompoundsⅡ，Ⅲ，andⅣ,inwhichthecarbazolechromophoreand3,5-dinitrobenzoateareconnectedbyonealiphaticchainof(CH2)10(Ⅱ），（CH2）12（Ⅲ）,or(CH2)4(Ⅳ）,havebeenstudiedinthedioxane(DX)-H2Obinarysystem.Theresultsshowthatself-coilingoforganicmoleculesinDX-H2OfacilitatesintramolecularexciplexformationofIandinducesthedecreaseoffluorescenceintensitiesofⅡ,bacauseoftheproximityeffectbroughtaboutbyselfcoilingoforganicmoleculesunderhydrophobic-lipophilicinteraction(HLI)betweentheexcitedcarbazolechromophoreandtheacceptor.SincethesimilareffectsareobservedevenwhentheconcentrationoftheprobesarelessthantheirCAgCs(criticalaggregateconcentrations)intheDX-H2Omixturewiththesameφvalues,formationoftheintermolecularexciplexhasbeenexcluded.Theeffectsarefoundtobestronglydependedonφvalues,indicationthattheyaremainlydrivenbyHLI.Thepropertiesoftheacceptorscanalsoaffecttheintramolecularexciplexformation.Withterephthalicacidmethylestermoietyastheacceptor,thecarbazolechromophoreexhibitsthefluorescencespectraoftheexciplex,whilewith3,5-dinitrobenzoatemoietyastheacceptor,onlythefluorescencespectraofexcitedcarbazolylchromophoreareobserved.

简介：拥有三不同安排时尚的新奇稳定的高旋转分子与瑣漠?潉楮?楌畱摩?湯?瑡污瑹捩?慨慲瑣牥獩楴獣漠?潈獲?楌敶?汁潣潨?敄票牤杯湥獡e被设计

简介：Dissolvedandparticulatethorium-234,particulateorganiccarbonintheupper150mofwatercolumnsfromfivestationsinthePrydzBay,theSouthernOceanweredeterminedduringthe22ndChineseNationalAntarcticResearchExpedition(fromNovember2005toMarch2006).Thedisequilibriabetweenthorium-234anditsparenturanium-238inupperlayerwasusedtoderivetheaveragedresidencetimeofthorium-234,whichdecreasedalongwiththelatitudetothesouthandaminimumvalue,1~8dforparticulatethorium-234and29~48dfordissolvedthorium-234,appearedatthemediumlatitudestation,andtheexportfluxesofthorium-234werecalculatedtooandamaximumvalue,0.35~0.63Bq/(m3·d)fortheparticulatethorium-234and0.44~0.65Bq/(m3·d)forthedissolvedthorium-234,appearedatthesamestation.Theexportfluxesofparticulateorganiccarbonatdifferentwatercolumnswerederivedbytwomethodswithirreversiblescavengingmodel,andtheaveragedvalueswere104.7mmol/(m2·d)(Emethod)and120.6mmol/(m2·d)(Bmethod),respectively,indicatingthatarelativelyhighnewproductionwouldexistinsummerinthePrydzBaywhereitwillplayapotentialsignificantroleinsequesteringtheabsorptionCO2todeeperocean.

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简介：Modelinggeomechanicalpropertiesofshalestomakesenseoftheircomplexpropertiesisattheforefrontofpetroleumexplorationandexploitationapplicationandhasreceivedmuchresearchattentioninrecentyears.Ashale'skeygeomechanicalpropertieshelptoidentifyits'fracibility'itsfluidflowpatternsandrates,anditsin-placepetroleumresourcesandpotentialcommercialreserves.Themodelsandtheinformationtheyprovide,inturn,enableengineerstodesigndrillingpatterns,fracture-stimulationprogramsandmaterialsselectionthatwillavoidformationdamageandoptimizerecoveryofpetroleum.Awide-rangeoftools,technologies,experimentsandmathematicaltechniquesaredeployedtoachievethis.Characterizingtheinterconnectedfracture,permeabilityandporositynetworkisanessentialstepinunderstandingashaleshighly-anisotropicfeaturesonmultiplescales(nanotomacro).Well-logdata,anditspetrophysicalinterpretationtocalibratemanygeomechanicalmetricstothosemeasuredinrocksamplesbylaboratorytechniquesplaysakeyroleinprovidingaffordabletoolsthatcanbedeployedcost-effectivelyinmultiplewellbores.Likewise,microseismicdatahelpstomatchfracturedensityandpropagationobservedonareservoirscalewithpredictionsfromsimulationsandlaboratorytestsconductedonidealised/simplifieddiscretefracturenetworkmodels.Shalescomplexwettability,adsorptionandwaterimbibitioncharacteristicshaveasignificantinfluenceonpotentialformationdamageduringstimulationandtheshort-termandlongtermflowofpetroleumachievable.Manygasflowmechanismsandmodelsareproposedtakingintoaccountthemultipleflowmechanismsinvolved(e.g.,desorption,diffusion,slippageandviscousflowoperatingatmultipleporositylevelsfromnano-tomacro-scales).Fittinghistoricalproductiondataandwelldeclinecurvestomodelpredictionshelpstoverifywhethermodel'sgeomechanicalassumptionsarerealisticornot.Thisreviewdiscussesthetechniques

简介：Herein,wereportthevictorioussynthesisofmetal-organicframeworks(MOFs)onTiO2nanotubes(NTs)usingalayer-by-layer(LbL)approach.HighlycrystallineandhomogenousthinfilmsofMOFsweregrownandcharacterizedusingXRD,SEM,FT-IRandUV/Visspectroscopy.Moreover,theutilizationoftheMOFfilmsassensitizerswasprobedinbespokeGraetzeltypeliquidjunctionsolarcells.TheconstructedcellperformancerevealedanIscof1.16mAcm–2,Vocof0.63V,FFof0.33,andEffof0.42%.Further,pumpprobetransientlaserspectroscopywasperformedtoinvestigatetheenergyandchargetransferdynamicsoftheMOFs/TiO2NTsinterface.Theresultsindicated86%injectionefficiency.Theultrafastpump-probespectroscopyallowstheinvestigationofthisprocessandthedifferencesbetweenMOFs.ItalsoshowedthattherelaxationoftheMOFchromophoresisincompetitionwithelectroninjectionintheTiO2motif.Thusthisstudyprovidesanewinsightintoelectrontransferfromphotoexcitedmetal-organicframeworks(MOFs)intotitaniumdioxide.

简介：Efficientdeep-redorganiclight-emittingdiodes(OLEDs)wereinvestigatedbasedontheblendofpoly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-l,4-phenylenevinylene](MEH-PPV)with4,7-bis(5-(7-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole(compound1).Byoptimizingtheblendratio,theturn-onvoltageofthedeviceswassignificantlyreducedfrom4.9Vto2.4V.Ahighestexternalquantumefficiencyof2.56%wasachievedatablendratioof95:5(wt)forcompound1:MEH-PPV.TheCIEcoordinatewasmeasuredtobe(0.70,0.30),withtheluminescencepeakataround680nm.Basedonexperimentalobservationstheimprovementmechanismisdescribed.

简介：Catalyticpropertiesofthemetal-organicframeworkCr-MIL-101insolvent-freecycloadditionofCO2toepoxidestoproducecycliccarbonatesusingtetrabutylammoniumbromideasco-catalysthavebeenexploredundermildreactionconditions(8barCO2,25C).Styreneandpropylenecarbonateswereformedwithhighyields(95%and82%,respectively).CatalyticperformanceofCr-MIL-101wascomparedwithotherMOFs:Fe-MIL-101,Zn-MOF-5andHKUST-1.Thecatalyticpropertiesofdifferentquaternaryammoniumbromides,Cr-MIL-101aswellasPW12/Cr-MIL-101compositematerialhavebeenassessedinoxidativecarboxylationofstyreneinthepresenceofbothtert-butylhydroperoxideandH2O2asoxidantsat8100barCO2and2580Cwithselectivitytostyrenecarbonateupto44%at57%substrateconversion.

简介：AsshaleexploitationisstillinitsinfancyoutsideNorthAmericamuchresearcheffortisbeingchannelledintovariousaspectsofgeochemicalcharacterizationofshalestoidentifythemostprospectivebasins,formationsandmaptheirpetroleumgenerationcapabilitiesacrosslocal,regionalandbasin-widescales.Themeasurementoftotalorganiccarbon,distinguishingandcategorizingthekerogentypesintermsoil-proneversusgas-prone,andusingvitrinitereflectanceandRock-Evaldatatoestimatethermalmaturityarestandardpracticeintheindustryandappliedtosamplesfrommostwellboresdrilled.Itisthetrendsofstableisotopesratios,particularlythoseofcarbon,thewetnessratio(C1/∑(C2+C3)),andcertainchemicalbiomarkersthathaveprovedtobemostinformativeaboutthestatusofshalesasapetroleumsystem.Thesedatamakeitpossibletoidentifyproduction'sweet-spots',discriminateoil-,gas-liquid-andgas-proneshalesfromkerogencompositionsandthermalmaturities.Rolloversandreversalsofethaneandpropanecarbonisotoperatiosareparticularlyindicativeofhighthermalmaturityexposureofanorganic-richshale.Comparisonsofhopane,streraneandterpanebiomarkerswithvitrinitereflectance(Ro)measurementsofthermalmaturityhighlightdiscrepanciessuggestingthatRoisnotalwaysareliableindicatorofthermalmaturity.Majorandtraceelementinorganicgeochemistrydataandratiosprovidesusefulinformationregardingprovenance,paleoenvironments,andstratigraphic-layerdiscrimination.Thisreviewconsidersthedatameasurement,analysisandinterpretationoftechniquesassociatedwithkerogentyping,thermalmaturity,stableandnon-stableisotopicratiosforrocksandgasesderivedfromthem,productionsweet-spotidentification,geochemicalbiomarkersandinorganicchemicalindicators.Italsohighlightsuncertaintiesanddiscrepanciesobservedintheirpracticalapplication,andthenumerousoutstandingquestionsassociatedwiththem.

简介：在这篇论文，联机天气研究并且预报并且化学(WRF/CHEM)模型，结合了城市的华盖(UCM)和源於生物排放的模型，被用来在第二等的器官的喷雾器(SOA)上探索城市的扩大的影响形成。城市的地图的二种情形在WRF/CHEM被使用在珍珠河三角洲(PRD)代表1990年代初(都市化前)和当前的城市的分发。用为2001年3月的上述陆地使用情形的月长的模拟结果出现：(1)都市化能由大约0.63°C增加每月平均的温度，减少每月在38%平均10-m风速度，增加每月由80m平均边界层深度，并且减少月刊平均混合由0.2g/kg的比率的水。(2)处于气象学的条件的变化能导致NOx，VOC，O3和NO3激进分子的可检测的集中变化。由4ppbv和1.5ppbv的最大值的都市化减少表面NOx和VOC集中分别地。在主要城市上的表面O3和NO3激进分子集中分别地由大约24ppbv和412pptv增加；有增加集中通常与温度的区域与一致的O3和NO3基的区域增加并且弯屈NOx和VOC减少的速度减小。(3)都市化能在Foshan，中山和西方广州导致SOA的9%增加，3%在深圳和Dongguan减少。在PRD主要城市上，从艾特肯模式的SOA在30%，但是与超过70%SOA减少从积累模式。都市化从艾特肯模式在SOA形成上有更强烈的影响。(4)在PRD上，5565%SOA来自aromatics先锋。都市化有对aromatics先锋的最强烈的影响生产SOA(14%增加)，当链烷先锋上有更少的影响时。链烯先锋在都市化状况下面有否定贡献到SOA形成。

简介：Wehavefabricatedatop-emittingorganiclight-emittingdeviceonsiliconsubstratewithhighyellowluminancebasedon5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacenesub-monolayer.Itconsistsofathinlayerofhighlyconductivesilverasthesemitransparentcathodeandsurfaced-modifiedAgastheanode.Thedeviceturnsonat3Vwiththeluminanceof8.4cd/m^2.Themaximumcurrentefficiencyis1.3cd/Aat6Vandtheluminancereaches14790cd/m^2at14V.Theperformanceofthedeviceisexcellentintop-emittingorganiclight-emittingdevicesaccordingtoourknowledge.

简介：与铽做的硅石和硼硅石玻璃材料器官的建筑群被准备由在situ大音阶的第五音胶化方法分别地。XRD和SEM大小被执行验证玻璃的非结晶的结构。玻璃的结构和做的Tb(III)离子的精力水平上的玻璃内容的影响被排放系列和红外系列分析。稀土元素的photolumi-nescertee性质上的B_2O_3的效果在硅石的器官的建筑群--基于的玻璃被调查。红外系列显示在原处综合的稀土元素复杂分子被限制，到主人的微毛孔，ligands的颤动被冻结。当B_2O_3被增加进硅石主人胶化时，B_2O_3几乎没在玻璃，和BO_3三角的非结晶的结构上有小影响，它有与硅石框架不同的层结构，能形式。硅石网络因此成为了尘埃不均匀，并且铽建筑群的光随B_2Opercent数量的增加被熄灭。

简介：