简介：ThemolecularsieveVPI-5wassynthesizedbyusingvariousorganicamines(DEA,Di-PA,DBA,DPenA,TBA,DEOAandTEOA)asthestructure-directingagent.TheuseofDPAenlargedtherangeofthecrystallizationtemperaturefrom110℃to190℃inthesynthesisofVPI-5,whiletheuseofTEOAchangedthecompositionofthereactantsinabroadvariety.DiaminesarethetypicalaminesinthesynthesisofVPI-5.AmongthemDBAandDPAarethemostfavoritestructure-directingagentsforthesynthesisofVPI-5molecularsieve.

简介：Theforwarddegeneratefour-wavemixinggeometrywasemployedtoinducemicrostructureinanorganicfreefradicalazobenzenepolymerfilm.BeforeirradiatedwithAr^+laserbeams(λ=514.5nm),theazobenzeneorganicfreeradicalpolymerexhibitsmagneticisotropicmeasuredbysuperconductingquantuminterferencedevice,Afterphoto-inducedmicrostructure,thepolymerfilmbecomesmagneticanisotropy,WhentheappliedmagneticfieldH+50Gauss,themanetizationalongthenormaldirectionofthePolymerfilmisMz=5.5×10^-5emu/g,whichislargerthanMx=4.1×10^-5emu/ginthedirectionparalleltothepolymerfilm.

简介：从淡水的溶解有机物(DOM)，中间咸度，并且在Jiulong河河口的海水endmember样品，中国是用有10-kDa膜的跨流动的ultrafiltration的fractionated。胶体的有机物(COM；10kDa-0.22m)retentate，低分子的重量(LMW)DOM(<10kDa)渗入，并且体积样品用吸收光谱学和三维的荧光excitation-emission-matrix光谱学被分析。COM的紫外可见的系列很类似于获得为的那些渗入并且体积样品，与增加波长monotonically减少。大多数发色团的DOM(CDOM，表示了为吸收系数一355)发生在LMW部分，当在胶体的部分的CDOM的百分比比在海水endmember(6.8%)在淡水endmember(13.4%总数)是实质地更高的时。当有COM部分的移动和在中间咸度的样品的permeate部分的并发的增加时，体积CDOM在河口显示出保守混合行为，暗示胶体的CDOM的部分被转变成LMWCDOM。二个象腐殖一样部件(C1：<250，325/402nm；并且C2：265，360/458nm)并且一个像蛋白质的部件(C3：275/334nm)用平行因素分析被识别。分别地，到体积样品的COM部分的C1，C2，和C3部件的贡献是2.5%8.7%，4.8%12.6%，和7.4%14.7%揭示那荧光灯DOM主要在LMW部分发生在Jiulong河河口。在retentate的C1和C2部件并且渗入样品显示出保守混合行为，而是C2/C1的紧张比率比的在retentate是更高的在为所有咸度样品的permeate部分，证明腐殖的部件是更多比fulvic部件在COM充实。C3/(C1+C2)的紧张比率比在permeate部分为在retentate是高得多的中间咸度并且海水样品，表明像蛋白质的部件是相对，更多比象腐殖一样部件在COM充实。到在为海水endmember在淡水endmember从14%增加到72%的retentate的全部的荧光的像蛋白质的部件(C3)的贡献取样，清楚地在混合COM的过程的河口期间与像蛋白质的部件相比由象腐殖一样部件显示优势的变化。

简介：Thebulkcompositionoforganicmatterandsaturatedandaromatichydrocarbonsex-tractedfrom16samplescollectedfromtwoKupferschieferprofilesintheRudnamine,SouthwestPolandhasbeenanalyzedtostudytheroleoforganicmatterduringbasemetalenrichmentintheKupferschiefershale.Theresultsindicatedthattheextractyieldsandsaturatedhydrocarbonyieldsdecreasedwithincreasingbasemetalcontents.GCandGC/MSanalysesindicatedthatn-alkanesandalkylatedaromaticcompoundsweredepletedandmayhaveservedashydrogendonatorsforthermochemicalsulfatereduction.Theenrichmentofbasemetalsiscloselyconnect-edwiththedestructionofhydrocarbons.

简介：有铟听氧化物(ITO)的结构的蓝、绿的器官的轻射出的设备/N，N鈥?二度--(1-naphthyl)-N,N鈥?diphenyl-1,1鈥?biphenyl-4,4鈥?diamine(NPB)/aluminum(III)二度(2-methyl-8-quinolinato)4-phenylphenolato(BAlq)/tris(8-hydroxyquinolate)铝(Alq3)/Mg:Ag被制作了。到绿轻排放的蓝色与器官的电影厚度的变化被完成了。基于精力乐队图和费用搬运人通道理论，当调节颜色的层和颜色变量electroluminescence(EL)在费用搬运人再结合地区以内被归功于到调整功能，不同厚度的电影起一个作用，这被结束当调节颜色的层和颜色变量electroluminescence(EL)在费用搬运人再结合地区以内被归功于到调整功能。在有高效的heterostructure设备的情况中，观察EL系列与器官的电影的厚度显著地变化，它从再结合的移动被结果区域地点。设备相同部件创作，这迄今没被显示能被实现由改变功能的层的电影厚度认识到不同颜色排放。CLC数字TN383这个工作被中国(资助号码60425101)的国家科学基金支持了，为大学里的新世纪优秀才能的节目(资助没有。NCET-06-0812)并且UESTC(资助No.060206)的年轻优秀工程。

简介：

简介：Thirteensedimentcoresamples(0-10cm)weretakenfromthesevenlakesinthemiddleandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRivertodeterminethecontentsanddistributionsoforganicphosphorus(P)fractionsinthesedimentsoftheshallowlakesinthearea.TheorganicPfractionsinthesedimentswereintheorderofmoderatelylabileorganicP(MLOP)>moderatelyresistantorganicP(MROP)>highlyresistantorganicP(HROP)>labileorganicP(LOP),withaverageproportionalratiosof13.2:2.8:1.3:1.0.LOP,MLOP,andMROPweresignificantlyrelatedtothecontentsoftotalorganiccarbon(TOC),water-solubleP(WSP),algal-availableP(AAP),NaHCO3-extractableP(Olsen-P),totalP(TP),organicP(OP),andinorganicP(IP).However,HROPwassignificantlyrelatedtoOPandweaklycorrelatedwithTOC,WSP,AAP,Olsen-P,TPorIP.ThissuggestedthatorganicP,especiallyLOPandMLOPinsediments,deservedevengreaterattentionthanIPinregardstolakeeutrophication.IntermsoforganicP,sedimentsweremorehazardousthansoilsinlakeeutrophication.AlthoughOPconcentrationswerehigherinmoderatelypollutedsedimentthanthoseinheavilypollutedsediment,LOPandMLOPwerehigherintheheavilypollutedsediment,whichindicatedthatheavilypollutedsedimentwasmorehazardousthanmoderatelypollutedsedimentinlakeeutrophication.

简介：Low-molecular-weight(LMW)organicacidsexistwidelyinsoilsandhavebeenimplicatedinmanysoilprocesses.TheobjectiveofthepresentpaperwastoevaluateeffectoftwoLMWorganicacids,citricacidandoxalicacid,onCl-adsorptionbythreevariablechargesoils,alatosol,alateriticredsoilandaredsoil,usingabatchmethod.TheresultsshowedthatthepresenceofcitricacidandoxalicacidledtoadecreaseinCl-adsorptionwithlargerdecreasesforcitricacid.AmongthedifferentsoilsGl-adsorptioninthelateriticredsoilandtheredsoilwasmoreaffectedbyboththeLMWorganicacidsthanthatinthelatosol.

简介：在在煤和煤的器官的功能的组的踪迹元素之间的关系，另外一些芳香的结构，被使用曲线适合红外线的系列调查。簇分析也根据与踪迹元素的器官的组的亲密关系的度被执行。结果证明有可能性，踪迹元素，特别LREE，被绑在中间的等级煤的外部器官的功能的组大分子。绑踪迹元素的最可能的功能的组是氢氧根，并且到更少度，不对称的-CH3并且>拉长的CH2，拉长的-CH3，等等。到不同的功能的组的踪迹元素的亲密关系的度变化。趋势遵守踪迹elements—the的自然结构的变化法律周期的法律。从这个常规趋势的一些踪迹元素的偏差被归因于内在的“confusiondegree”的偏差(常规臼齿的熵)煤盆，它被内部、外部的因素在进化期间影响的事系统。

简介：Background:Thelargepotentialofthesoilorganiccarbon(SOC)pooltosequesterCO2fromtheatmospherecouldgreatlyamelioratetheeffectoffutureclimatechange.However,thequantityofcarbonstoredinterrestrialsoilslargelydependsuponthemagnitudeofSOCmineralization.SOCmineralizationconstitutesanimportantpartofthecarboncycle,andisdrivenbymanybiophysicalvariables,suchastemperatureandmoisture.Methods:Soilsamplesofapineforest,anoakforest,andapineandoakmixedforestwereincubatedfor387daysunderconditionswithsixtemperaturesettings(5°C,10°C,15°C,20°C,25°C,30°C)andthreelevelsofsoilmoisturecontent(SMC,30%,60%,90%).TheinstantaneousrateofmineralizedSOCwasperiodicallyandautomaticallymeasuredusingaLi-CorCO2analyzer.BasedonthemeasuredamountofmineralizedSOC,carbonfractionswereestimatedseparatelyviafirst-orderkineticone-andtwo-compartmentmodels.Results:Duringthe387dayincubationexperiment,accumulativemineralizedcarbonrangedfrom22.89mgcarbon(C)·g-1SOCat30°Cand30%SMCforthemixedforestto109.20mgC·g-1SOCat15°Cand90%SMCfortheoakforest.Mineralizedrecalcitrantcarbonvariedfrom18.48mgC·g-1SOCat30°Cand30%SMCforthemixedforestto104.98mgC·g-1SOCat15°Cand90%SMCfortheoakforest,andcontributedatleast80%tototalmineralizedcarbon.Conclusions:Basedontheresultsofthisexperiment,thesoilorganicmatterofthepurebroadleavedforestismorevulnerabletosoilmicrobialdegradationinnorthernChina;mostoftheamountofthemineralizedSOCderivedfromtherecalcitrantcarbonpool.Labilecarbonfractionconstitutesonaverage0.4%ofSOCacrossthethreeforesttypesandwasrapidlydigestedbysoilmicrobesintheearlyincubationstage.SOCmineralizationmarkedlyincreasedwithsoilmoisturecontent,andcorrelatedparabolicallytotemperaturewiththehighestvalueat15°C.Nosignificantinteractionwasdetectedamongthese

简介：Fieldexperimentswereconductedtoassesstheimpactofvariousorganicsources,inorganicnitrogen(N)andthedifferentcombinationsofinorganicN(urea)+organicsourceontheyieldcomponents(YC)andgrainyield(GY)ofhybridrice(OryzasativaL.,Pukhraj)underrice-wheatsystem.TheexperimentswereconductedatBatkhela(Malakand),NorthwesternPakistan,in2011and2012.OurresultsrevealedthatYCandGYrankedfirstforthehybridricewhenappliedwithsoleinorganicN(urea),followedbytheapplicationofNinmixture(urea+organicsources),whilethecontrolplots(noNapplied)rankedinthebottom.Amongthesixorganicsources(threeanimalmanures:poultry,sheepandcattle;threecropresidues:onion,berseemandwheat),applicationofNintheformofpoultrymanurewassuperiorintermsofhigherYCandGY.Whenapplying120kg/hm2Nsource,75%Nfromurea+25%NfromorganicsourceresultedinhigherYCandGYin2011,whileapplying50%Nfromurea+50%NfromorganicsourcescausedhigherYCandGYin2012.Therefore,thecombinedapplicationofNsourcesintheformofurea+organicsourcecanproducegoodperformancesintermsofhigherYCandGYofriceunderrice-wheatcroppingsystem.

简介：

简介：Theadsorptivedenitrogenationfromfuelsoverthreemetal-organicframeworks(MIL-96(Al),MIL-53(Al)andMIL-101(Cr))wasstudiedbybatchadsorptionexperiments.Fournitrogen-containingcompounds(NCCs)pyridine,pyrrole,quinolineandindolewereusedasmodelNCCsinfuelstostudytheadsorptionmechanism.ThephysicochemicalpropertiesoftheadsorbentswerecharacterizedbyXRD,N2physicaladsorption,FT-IRspectrumandHammettindicatormethod.Themetal-organicframeworks(MOFs),especiallytheMIL-101(Cr)containingLewisacidsitesaswellashighspecificsurfacearea,canadsorblargequantitiesofNCCsfromfuels.Inaddition,theadsorptivecapacityoverMIL-101(Cr)willbedifferentforNCCswithdifferentbasicity.ThestrongerbasicityoftheNCCis,themoreitcanbeabsorbedoverMIL-101(Cr).Furthermore,poresizeandshapealsoaffecttheadsorptioncapacityforagivenadsorbate,whichcanbeprovedbytheadsorptionoverMIL-53(Al)andMIL-96(Al).Thepseudo-second-orderkineticmodelandLangmuirequationcanbeusedtodescribekineticsandthermodynamicsoftheadsorptionprocess,respectively.Finally,theregenerationoftheusedadsorbenthasbeenconductedsuccessfullybyjustwashingitwithethanol.

简介：Thepresentstudywasanefforttounderstandtheamountoflitterfallanditssubsequentdecompositionandquantifythereleaseofavailablenutrientsandsoilphysicochemicalcharacteristicsinplantationsoffourforesttreespecies(Lagerstroemiaparviflora,Tectonagrandis,ShorearobustaandMicheliachampaca)intheChilapattaReserveForestoftheCoochBeharWildlifeDivisionintheTeraizoneofWestBengal,India.Themostlitter(5.61Mgha-1)wasproducedbyT.grandisplantationandtheleast(4.72Mgha-1)byL.parviflora.Thematerialturnoverratetothesoilthroughdecompositionfromtotallitterwasfastestduringthefirstquarteroftheyearandsubsequentlydecreasedduringthenexttwoquarters.Thematerialturnoverratewasonly1year,whichindicatesthatmorethan90%ofthetotallitterproduceddecomposedwithinayear.Theavailableprimarynutrientcontentinlittervariedacrossthefourplantationsovertheyear.Theplantationsgenerallydidnotsignificantlyinfluencethesoilphysicalcharacteristicsbutdidsignificantlyinfluencetheavailabilityofprimarynutrientsandorganiccarbonattwodepths(1-15and16-30cm)overtheyear.Theavailabilityofsoilprimarynutrientsinthefourplantationsalsoincreasedgraduallyfromthefirstquarteroftheyeartothethirdquarterandthendecreasedduringthelastquartertothesamelevelasinthefirstquarteroftheyearatbothdepths.Theavailabilityforsoilorganiccarbonintheplantationsfollowedasimilatrend.Theamountoflitterproducedandthematerialturnoverinthesoilinthedifferentplantationsdiffered,influencingthenutrientavailabilityandorganiccarbonattheplantations.TheamountofsoilorganiccarbonwashighestforT.grandis(2.52Mgha-1)andlowestforL.parviflora(2.12Mgha-1).Litteristhesourceofsoilorganicmatter,andmorethelitterthatisproducedbytheplantations,thehigherwillbethecontentandamountofsoilorganiccarbonintheplantation.

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简介：河口的分布给溶解有机物(CDOM)涂颜色是physicalbiogeochemical过程的联合结果。遥感动态地高度被需要到监视器河口CDOM。从四季节的巡航在situ数据使用，一个算法被开发在400nm估计CDOM吸收系数(在Zhujiang(珀尔河)的CDOM(400))河口(ZJE)。Rrs(667)/Rrs(443)和Rrs(748)/Rrs(412)。由使用它在水上节制分辨率成像分光辐射函数从2002～2014的卫星(MODIS/Aqua)数据，季节的气候学在ZJE的CDOM(400)被计算。CDOM分布主要地走水路被影响来自Zhujiang河的分泌物并且在水下地形学。沿着对一个水深度坡度垂直的节，季节CDOM(400)指数地减少了(y=aebx,b<0)，但是与在季节之中的大差别。河流的新鲜的水是在ZJE的CDOM的主要来源。有增加咸度的Fulvic酸部分减少。用发达算法，保守CDOM混合方程，和河分泌物，在从2002～2014的夏天和冬季的溶解的器官的碳(文档)的有效河流的结束成员集中和流动首先从MODIS/Aqua数据被估计。两有效河流的结束成员文档集中和流动是断然与河有关排出，显著地在有为集中的0.698的R2的夏天并且0.9657为流动。

简介：OrganicchelatingreagentinfluencesupontheredoxadsorptionofactivatedcarbonfibertowardsAu3-weresystematicallyinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsindicatedthatthepresenceoforganicchelatingreagentonactivatedcarbonfiberstronglyaffectsadsorptioncapacityofactivatedcarbonfibertowardsAu3+.Thereduction-adsorptionamountofAu3+increasedthreetimesbythepresenceof8-quinolinol.Furthermore,Thereduction-adsorptionamountofAu3+dependedonthepHvalueofadsorptionandtemperature.

简介：TheInternationalCentreforTheoreticalPhysics(ICTP,Italy)RegionalClimateModelversion3.0(RegCM3)isusedtosimulatespatio-temporaldistributioncharacteristicsandradiativeforcing(RF)oforganiccarbon(OC)aerosolsinandaroundChina.ThepreliminarysimulationresultsshowthatOCaerosolsaremostlyconcentratedintheareatothesouthofYellowRiverandeastofTibetanPlateau.ThereisadecreasingtrendofcolumnburdenofOCaerosolsfromsouthtonorthinChina.ThemaximumvalueofcolumnburdenofOCaerosolsisabove3mg/m2andlocatedinthecentralandsouthernChina,southeasternTibet,andsouthwesternChina’sYunnan,Guizhou,Sichuanprovinces.ThesimulationontheseasonalvariationshowsthatthemaximumvalueofcolumnburdenofOCaerosolsappearsinwinterandthesecondaryvalueisinspringandtheminimuminsummer.TheRFofOCaerosolswhichvariesseasonallyisnegativeatthetopoftheatmosphere(TOA)andsurface.Thespatio-temporalcharacteristicsoftheRFofOCaerosolsarebasicallyconsistentwiththatofIPCC,implyingthehighaccuracyoftheparameterizationschemeforOCaerosolsinRegCM3.

简介：Aseriesofnovelamphibiousorganic/inorganichybridprotonexchangemembraneswithH3PO4dopedwhichcouldbeusedunderbothwetanddryconditionswaspreparedthroughasol-gelprocessbasedonacrylatedtriethoxysilane(A-TES)andbenzyltetrazole-modifiedtriethoxysilane(BT-TES).Thedual-curingapproachincludingUV-curingandthermalcuringwasusedtoobtainthecrosslinkedmembranes.Polyethyleneglycol(400)diacrylate(PEGDA)wasusedasanoligomertoformthepolymericmatrix.Themolecularstructuresofprecursorswerecharacterizedby1H,13Cand29SiNMRspectra.Thethermogravimetricanalysis(TGA)resultsshowthatthemembranesexhibitacceptablethermalstabilityfortheirapplicationatabove200oC.Thedifferentialscanningcalorimeter(DSC)determinationindicatesthatthecrosslinkedmembraneswiththemassratiosofbelow1.6ofBT-TEStoA-TESandthesamemassofH3PO4dopedasthatofA-TESpossessthe-Tgs,andthelowestTg(-28.9℃)existsforthemembranewithdoublemassofH3PO4dopedaswell.Thehighprotonconductivityinarangeof9.4―17.3mS/cmwiththecorrespondingwateruptakeof19.1%―32.8%ofthemembraneswasdetectedat90oCunderwetconditions.Meanwhile,theprotonconductivityinadryenvironmentforthemembranewithamassratioof2.4ofBT-TEStoA-TESanddoubleH3PO4loadingincreasesfrom4.89×10-2mS/cmat30℃to25.7mS/cmat140℃.Theexcellentprotontransportabilityunderbothhydrousandanhydrousconditionsdemonstratesapotentialapplicationinthepolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcells.

简介：Thesystemofriceintensification(SRI)isaproductionsystemthatinvolvestheadoptionofcertainchangesinmanagementpracticesforricecultivationthatcreateabettergrowingenvironmentforthecrop.Thissystemwascomparedwithconventionalpracticesandassessedunderorganicandinorganicmanagement.SRIpracticesshowedsignificantresponseinrootnumber,numberofeffectivetillersperhill,daystofloweringandharvestindex.Inaddition,SRIwasfoundeffectiveinminimizingpestanddiseasein...