简介：Adiponectin(APN),anadipokineproducedbyadipocytes,hasbeenshowntohaveacriticalroleinthepathogenesisofobesityassociatedmalignancies.Throughitsreceptorinteractions,APNmayexertitsanti-carcinogeniceffectsincludingregulatingcellsurvival,apoptosisandmetastasisviaaplethoraofsignallingpathways.Despitethestrongevidencesupportingthisnotion,someworkmayindicateotherwise.Ourreviewaddressesallcontroversiescritically.Onthewhole,hypoadiponectinaemiaisassociatedwithincreasedriskofseveralmalignanciesandpoorprognosis.Inaddition,variousgeneticpolymorphismsmaypredisposeindividualstoincreasedriskofobesity-associatedmalignancies.WealsoprovideanupdatedsummaryontherapeuticinterventionstoincreaseAPNlevelsthatareofkeyinterestinthisfield.TodateeffortstomanipulateAPNlevelshavebeenpromising,butmuchworkremainstobedone.

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简介：AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx have been used synonymously and interchangeably in the world literature in the context of head and neck cancers. As the 21st century progresses, divergence between the two have become more evident, particularly due to evidence related to human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. As such, the American Joint Committee on Cancer recently published the 8th edition Cancer Staging Manual, serving as a continued global resource to clinicians and researchers. Through changes in staging related to T and N clinical and pathologic classifications, the new system is expected to influence current management guidelines of these cancers that have distinct anatomic and etiopathogenic characteristics. This article aims to review such impactful changes in a time of critical transition of the staging of head and neck cancer and how these changes may affect clinicians and researchers worldwide.

简介：ＩＮＳＩＴＵＬＡＢＥＬＩＮＧＡＰＯＰＴＯＳＩＳＩＮＢＲＥＡＳＴＣＡＮＣＥＲＡＳＲＥＬＡＴＥＤＴＯＰＲＯＧＮＯＳＩＳＷｕＪｉｏｎｇ吴炅ＳｈａｏＺｈｉｍｉｎ邵志敏ＪｉａｎｇＭｉｎｇ江明ＨａｎＱｉｘｉａ韩企夏ＺｈａｎｇＴｉｎｇｑｉｕ张廷ＳｈｅｎＺｈｅｎｚ...

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简介：Aprimaryhumanrenalcellcarcinomawasdevelopedasaxenograft(NT-25)andmaintainedbyserialtransplantationinnudemice.TheeffectofUFTonthisneogrowthwastestedandevaluatedaswellitsdistributionintheanimaltissues.TheconcentrationofUFTwashigherintumortissuesthanthatinothertissuesandintheanimalexperimentationUFTwasfoundtobeeffectiveonhumanrenalcellcarcinoma.

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简介：基因的表示“在正确地方以内”并且在正确时间被限制，这通常被相信。这个原则长也被认为适用到免疫球蛋白(Ig)的表示B的淋巴细胞房间系。然而，增加证据证明了Ig“似非而是地”在上皮的起源的恶意的肿瘤表示了。我们在导出癌症的Ig的学习考察了最近的进步，并且也讨论了它的机制和可能的功能，试着引起到那些在免疫学和肿瘤学的领域里工作的兴趣和注意。

简介：AbstractWith the changing lifestyle and the acceleration of aging in the Chinese population, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have risen in the last decades. On the contrary, the incidence and mortality of CRC have continued to decline in the USA since the 1980s, which is mainly attributed to early screening and standardized diagnosis and treatment. Rectal cancer accounts for the largest proportion of CRC in China, and its treatment regimens are complex. At present, surgical treatment is still the most important treatment for rectal cancer. Since the first Chinese guideline for diagnosis and treatment of CRC was issued in 2010, the fourth version has been revised in 2020. These guidelines have greatly promoted the standardization and internationalization of CRC diagnosis and treatment in China. And with the development of comprehensive treatment methods such as neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, the post-operative quality of life and prognosis of patients with rectal cancer have improved. We believe that the inflection point of the rising incidence and mortality of rectal cancer will appear in the near future in China. This article reviewed the current status and research progress on surgical therapy of rectal cancer in China.

简介：基因治疗为癌症的治疗提供一条新途径。编码immunostimulatorycytokines的基因的转移与显著成功被使用了在动物消除癌症。然而，在有这策略的病人的临床的试用限制了功效。因此，基因转移向量系统的改进是必要的。混合病毒的向量，与鼠科的IL-12或记者LacZ基因由SFVreplicon组成，被构造。这混合向量在vitro并且在vivo在HCC显示出表示的特性和高水平。在一个老鼠orthotropic肝肿瘤模型，没有伴随毒性，由有mIL-12基因的混合向量的确定的肿瘤的治疗导致了一项强壮的反肿瘤活动。随后，助手依赖者侵入人体气管粘膜的病菌包含mifepristone(RU486)的向量可诱导的系统被构造为控制并且人的interleukin的肝特定的表示12(hIL-12)(HD-Ad/RUhIL-12)并且鼠标IL-12(mIL-12)(HD-Ad/RUmIL-12)。数据证明hIL-12的高、支撑的浆液层次能被继续RU486的管理达到每12或24h。hIL-12的重复正式就职能被获得在上，至少在HD-Ad/RUhIL-12的单个注射以后的48个星期的一个时期。肝转移与的处理HD-Ad/RUmIL-12，正RU846在所有动物导致了完全的肿瘤回归。然后，不同cytokine基因被插入到有条件的replicative侵入人体气管粘膜的病菌向量(也叫的oncolytic侵入人体气管粘膜的病菌)。在肿瘤房间的侵入人体气管粘膜的病菌的复制将杀死肿瘤房间和版本病毒，它感染包围肿瘤房间。由oncolytic侵入人体气管粘膜的病菌的cytopathic效果和transgene的生物效果的联合将施加强壮的反肿瘤活动。向量的这些新类型可以为癌症基因治疗提供一个有势力和安全工具。

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简介：Sincetheapprovalofrituximabin1997,monoclonalantibodies(mAbs)havebecomeanincreasinglyimportantcomponentoftherapeuticregimensinoncology.ThesuccessofmAbsasatherapeuticclassisaresultofgreatstridesthathavebeenmadeinmolecularbiologyandinbiotechnologyoverthepastseveraldecades.Currently,thereare14approvedmAbproductsforoncologyindications,andtherearetenadditionalmAbsinlatestagesofclinicaltrials.Comparedtotraditionalchemotherapeuticagents,mAbshaveseveraladvantages,includingalongcirculatinghalf-lifeandhightargetspecificity.Antibodiescanserveascytotoxicagentswhenadministeredalone,exertingapharmacologiceffectthroughseveralmechanismsinvolvingtheantigenbinding(Fab)and/orFcdomainsofthemolecule,andmAbsmayalsobeutilizedasdrugcarriers,targetingatoxicpayloadtocancercells.TheextremelyhighaffinityofmAbsfortheirtargets,whichisdesirablewithrespecttopharmacodynamics(i.e.,contributingtothehightherapeuticselectivityofmAb),oftenleadstocomplex,non-linear,target-mediatedpharmacokinetics.Inthisreport,wesummarizethepharmacokineticandpharmacodynamicsofmAbsthathavebeenapprovedandofmAbsthatarenearingapprovalforoncologyindications,withparticularfocusonthemolecularandcellularmechanismsresponsiblefortheirdispositionandefficacy.

简介：Qidong(Jiangsu,China)hasbeenofinteresttocancerepidemiologistsandbiologistsbecause,untilrecently,itwasanendemicareaforlivercancer,havingamongstthehighestincidenceratesintheworld.TheestablishmentoftheQidongCancerRegistrytogetherwiththeQidongLiverCancerInstitutein1972haschartedthepatternsoflivercancerincidenceandmortalityinastablepopulationthroughoutaperiodofenormouseconomic,social,andenvironmentalchangesaswellasofimprovementsinhealthcaredelivery.UpdatedincidencetrendsinQidongaredescribed.Notably,theChinaage-standardizedincidencerateforlivercancerhasdroppedbyover50%inthepastseveraldecades.MolecularepidemiologicandgenomicdeepsequencingstudieshaveaffirmedthatinfectionwithhepatitisBvirusaswellasdietaryexposuretoaflatoxinsthroughcontaminationofdietarystaplessuchascorn,andtomicrocystins–blue-greenalgaltoxinsfoundinditchandpondwater–werelikelyimportantetiologicfactorsthataccountforthehighincidenceoflivercancerinthisregion.PublichealthinitiativestofacilitateuniversalvaccinationofnewbornsagainstHBVandtoimprovedrinkingwatersourcesinthisruralarea,aswellaseconomicandsocialmandatesserendipitouslyfacilitatingdietarydiversity,haveledtoprecipitousdeclinesinexposurestotheseetiologicfactors,concomitantlydrivingsubstantivedeclinesinthelivercancerincidenceseennowinQidong.Inthisregard,Qidongservesasatemplatefortheglobalimpactthatapackageofinterventionstrategiesmayexertoncancerburden.

简介：Cancerisgenerallyregardedastheresultofabnormalgrowthofcells.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization,canceristheleadingcauseofmortalityworldwide.Mothernatureprovidesalargesourceofbioactivecompoundswithexcellenttherapeuticefficacy.Numerousphytochemicalsfromnaturehavebeeninvestigatedforanticancerproperties.Inthisreviewarticle,wediscussseveralnaturalcompounds,whichhaveshownanti-canceractivity.Naturalcompoundsinducecellcyclearrest,activateintrinsicandextrinsicapoptosispathways,generateReactiveOxygenSpecies(ROS),anddown-regulateactivatedsignalingpathways,resultingininhibitionofcellproliferation,progressionandmetastasisofcancer.Severalpreclinicalstudieshavesuggestedthatnaturalcompoundscanalsoincreasethesensitivityofresistantcancerstoavailablechemotherapyagents.Furthermore,combiningFDAapprovedanti-cancerdrugswithnaturalcompoundsresultsinimprovedefficacy.Onthebasisoftheseexcitingoutcomesofnaturalcompoundsagainstseveralcancertypes,severalagentshavealreadyadvancedtoclinicaltrials.Inconclusion,preclinicalresultsandclinicaloutcomesagainstcancersuggestpromisinganticancerefficacyofagentsfromnaturalsources.

简介：Objective:Toexploretheantitumormechanismsofbifidobacteriaadolescenceinvivo.Methods:Thecontentofextracellularsignalregulatedproteins(ERK)1/2,C-JunN-terminalkinase(JNK),p38,c-fosandc-juninnudemousetransplantedlargebowelcarcinomawasdetectedbyusinglaserconfocalmicroscopy.TheexpressionofNF-kBwasdeterminedbyimmunohistochemistry.Results:Afterthenudemousetransplantedtumorwastreatedwithbifidobacteria,theaveragefluorescentstrengthofERK1/2,JNK,c-fosandc-junwassignificantlylowerthanthatintumorcontrolgroup(P<0.01).Theaveragefluorescentstrengthofp38wasnotobviousdifferenceinthetwogroups(P>0.05).ThepositivecelldensityofNF-kBinlargebowelcarcinomatransplantationtumorsinBifidobacteriuminjectiongroupwasmarkedlylowerthanthatintumorgroup(P<0.01).Conclusion:bifidobacteriaadolescencecouldmarkedlydecreasetheactivityofERK1/2andJNK,theexpressionc-fosandc-jun,andtheactivityofNF-kB.

简介：2011年6月25日，天津肺癌研究所收到美国Thomson．Reuters公司通知，天津肺癌研究所与Wiley—Blackwell合办的ThoracicCancer自创刊号起所有文章被SCI—E收录。

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简介：Immunotherapyhasbecomeakeystrategyforcancertreatment,andtwoimmunecheckpoints,namely,programmedcelldeath1(PD-1)anditsligand(PD-L1),haverecentlyemergedasimportanttargets.TheinteractionblockadeofPD-1andPD-L1demonstratedpromisingactivityandantitumorefficacyinearlyphaseclinicaltrialsforadvancedsolidtumorssuchasnon-smallcelllungcancer(NSCLC).ManycelltypesinmultipletissuesexpressPD-L1aswellasseveraltumortypes,therebysuggestingthattheligandmayplayimportantrolesininhibitingimmuneresponsesthroughoutthebody.Therefore,PD-L1isacriticalimmunomodulatingcomponentwithinthelungmicroenvironment,butthecorrelationbetweenPD-L1expressionandprognosisiscontroversial.MoreevidenceisrequiredtosupporttheuseofPD-L1asapotentialpredictivebiomarker.ClinicaltrialshavemeasuredPD-L1intumortissuesbyimmunohistochemistry(IHC)withdifferentantibodies,buttheassessmentofPD-L1isnotyetstandardized.Somecommercialantibodieslackspecificityandtheirreproducibilityhasnotbeenfullyevaluated.FurtherstudiesarerequiredtoclarifytheoptimalIHCassayaswellastopredictandmonitortheimmuneresponsesofthePD-1/PD-L1pathway.

简介：Lungcancerisacommonmalignanttumor,whichhasahighincidenceandmortalityrate.Therefore,itisnecessarytoseekanewmethodforthediagnosis,especiallytheearlydiagnosisoflungcancer.Thedevelopmentofmolecularbiologymakesthegenediagnosisoflungcancerpossible.PCR-SSCP...