简介：Objective:Toevaluatetheassociationbetweenobesityandtheriskofcolorectalcancer.Methods:331patientswithrectalcancerand175withcoloncancerwhoacceptedsurgicaloperationatBeijingCancerHospitalduring1995and2002wereenrolled.Datawerecollectedbyreviewingthepathologymaterialsandhospitalrecords.258healthypeoplewhoacceptedhealthexaminationatBeijingCancerHospitalduring2000and2002werealsoenrolledascontrol.Dataofheight,weightandgenderatthetimeofexaminationwerealsocollected.Obesitywasestimatedbybodymassindex(BMI),computedasweightinkilogramsdividedbyheightinmeterssquared(kg/m2).ThedegreeofobesitywascomparedbetweenthetwogroupsusingBMI(18.5,24-27.9and(28(kg/m2)asthecut-offpointsforunderweight,overweightandobesity.Associationswithobesitywereestimatedbyoddsratios(ORs)and95%confidenceintervals(CIs).AllORswereadjustedforageandsex.Results:Obesitywassignificantlyprevalentinfemalepatientswithrectalcancer.AllthepatientswithcoloncancershowedlowerlevelofBMIthancontrolsubjects.TheORsforrectalcancerrosewithincreasingBMIinwomen.Meanwhile,theORsforcoloncancerdroppedwithincreasingBMIinbothmenandwomen.Obesitywasanindependentriskfactorforrectalcancer,butnotanindependentriskfactorforcoloncancer.Conclusion:Rectalcancerandcoloncancermayhavedifferentbiologicalbehavior.Obesewomenhaverelativelyhighriskforrectalcancer.

简介：人的telomerase颠倒transcriptase(hTERT)在超过85%肿瘤房间被表示，但是通常没在正常房间被发现，它作为理想的肿瘤伙伴抗原(TAA)做hTERT开发没有在人的癌症免疫疗法损害正常纸巾，明确地破坏癌症的潜在的疫苗。这被考察hTERT或它的肽和早临床的trialsusing的immunogenicity上的研究的基本进展在最后十年的hTERT疫苗途径。

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简介：在肿瘤开始的癌症干细胞(CSC)的重要性坚定地在白血病被建立了并且最近为许多稳固的肿瘤报导了。然而，特别地关于转移，在多级式的癌症前进的CSC的角色有不定义beenwell。癌症转移要求在远机关播种和specializedCSCs的成功的殖民。正常干细胞和CSC的生物学分享显著类似并且当适用于癌症的学习时，可以有重要含意转移。而且，重叠分子和小径的集合最近被识别了调整干细胞移植和癌症转移。这些分子组成两个都为移植CSC由主要肿瘤和养育的机关微型环境的形成便于转移前壁龛的开始的细胞的相互作用的一个复杂网络。在这评论，我们在这个动态领域里调查了最近的进展并且建议CSC在tumorigenesis和转移在假定一个中央角色的癌症前进的一个统一模型。更好作为变形串联的一个基本部件理解ofCSCs将对变形癌症导致新奇治疗学的策略。

简介：Photothermalcancertherapyisanalternativetochemotherapy,radiotherapy,andsurgery.Withthedevelopmentofnanophotothermalagents,thistherapyholdsimmensepotentialinclinicaltranslation.However,thetoxicityissuesderivedfromthefactthatnanomaterialsaretrappedandretainedinthereticuloendothelialsystemslimittheirbiomedicalapplication.Developingbiodegradablephotothermalagentsisthemostpracticalroutetoaddresstheseconcerns.Inadditiontothephysicochemicalpropertiesofnanomaterials,variousinternalandexternalstimuliplaykeyrolesonnanomaterialsuptake,transport,andclearance.Inthisreview,wesummarizednovelnanoplatformsforphotothermaltherapy;thesenanoplatformscanelicitstimuli-triggereddegradation.Wefocusedontherecentinnovativedesignsendowedwithbiodegradablephotothermalagentsunderdifferentstimuli,includingenzyme,pH,andnear-infrared(NIR)laser.

简介：Objective:Population-basedcancerregistrationdatain2010werecollected,evaluatedandanalyzedbytheNationalCentralCancerRegistry(NCCR)ofChina.Cancerincidentnewcasesandcancerdeathswereestimated.Methods:Therewere219cancerregistriessubmittedcancerincidenceanddeathdatain2010.AlldatawerecheckedandevaluatedonbasisofthecriteriaofdataqualityfromNCCR.Total145registries’datawerequalifiedandacceptedforcancerstatisticsin2010.Pooleddatawerestratifiedbyurban/rural,area,sex,agegroupandcancersite.Cancerincidentcasesanddeathswereestimatedusingage-specificratesandnationalpopulation.Thetoptencommoncancersindifferentgroups,proportionandcumulativeratewerealsocalculated.Chinesecensusin2000andSegi’spopulationwereusedforage-standardizedincidence/mortalityrates.Results:All145cancerregistries(63inurbanand82inrural)coveredatotalof158,403,248population(92,433,739inurbanand65,969,509inruralareas).Theestimatesofnewcancerincidentcasesandcancerdeathswere3,093,039and1,956,622in2010,respectively.Themorphologyverifiedcases(MV%)accountedfor67.11%and2.99%ofincidentcaseswereidentifiedthroughdeathcertificationsonly(DCO%)withmortalitytoincidenceratio(M/I)of0.61.Thecrudeincidenceratewas235.23/100,000(268.65/100,000inmales,200.21/100,000infemales),age-standardizedincidenceratesbyChinesestandardpopulation(ASIRC,2000)andbyworldstandardpopulation(ASIRW)were184.58/100,000and181.49/100,000withthecumulativeincidencerate(0-74yearsold)of21.11%.ThecancerincidenceandASIRCwere256.41/100,000and187.53/100,000inurbanareaswhereasinruralareas,theywere213.71/100,000and181.10/100,000,respectively.ThecrudecancermortalityinChinawas148.81/100,000(186.37/100,000inmalesand109.42/100,000infemales),age-standardizedincidenceratesbyChinesestandardpopulation(ASMRC,2000)andbyworldstandardpopulation(ASMRW)were113.92/100,000and112.86/100,0

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简介：pluri有势力干细胞的能力为治疗长期、退化的疾病在新奇房间代替治疗学的开发保持大诺言修理干细胞在住的纸巾。然而，众多的报告证明甚至在一个自体同源的背景，那干细胞治疗触发淋巴细胞渗入和发炎。因此，要回答的一个重要问题是主人免疫系统怎么对嫁接自体同源的干细胞或allogeneous干细胞作出回应。在这简短评论，我们在这块地里在几个相关区域总结进步，包括一些我们的数据，在四节：(1)干细胞的immunogenicity；(2)禁止有免疫力的拒绝到allograft干细胞的策略；(3)对癌症干细胞的有免疫力的回答；并且(4)在有免疫力的规定的间充质的干细胞。我们这些和有免疫力的系统茎细胞相互影响的另外的方面上的理解的改进将极大地便于茎的发展为再生目的基于房间的治疗学。

简介：Withtheexpansionofthegeneexpressionprofiledatabase,inthecaseofaslittleaspossibletoloseinformationortoretainthemostcriticalinformation,geneextractionhasbecomeamaindirectionforthescholars.Thispaperexcludes1561irrelevantgenesthroughthedefinitionofweighteddistancefirstly,andthenremoves252redundantgenesbyPearson'scorrelationcoefficient.Finallybycomparingthetwomethods,stepwiseregressionafterclusteringandonlystepwiseanalysis,weobtainthebestcombinationof8genes.

简介：Objective:Population-basedcancerregistrationdatain2012fromallavailablecancerregistriesinShandongprovincewerecollectedbyShandongCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention(SDCDC).SDCDCestimatedthenumbersofnewcancercasesandcancerdeathsinShandongprovincewithcompiledcancerincidenceandmortalityrates.Methods:In2015,therewere21cancerregistriessubmitteddataofcancerincidenceanddeathsoccurredin2012.AllthedatawerecheckedandevaluatedbasedontheNationalCentralCancerRegistry(NCCR)criteriaofdataquality.Qualifieddatafrom15registrieswereusedforcancerstatisticsanalysisasprovincialestimation.Thepooleddatawerestratifiedbyarea(urban/rural),gender,agegroup(0,1-4,5-9,10-14,…,85+years)andcancertype.Newcancercasesanddeathswereestimatedusingage-specificratesandcorrespondingprovincialpopulationin2012.TheChinesecensusdatain2000andSegi'spopulationwereappliedforage-standardizedrates.Alltherateswereexpressedper100,000person-year.Results:Qualified15cancerregistries(4urbanand11ruralregistries)covered17,189,988populations(7,486,039inurbanand9,703,949inruralareas).Thepercentageofcasesmorphologicallyverified(MV%)anddeathcertificate-onlycases(DCO%)were66.12%and2.93%,respectively,andthemortalitytoincidencerateratio(M/I)was0.60.Atotalof253,060newcancercasesand157,750cancerdeathswereestimatedinShandongprovincein2012.Theincidenceratewas263.86/100,000(303.29/100,000inmales,223.23/100,000infemales),theage-standardizedincidenceratesbyChinesestandardpopulation(ASIRC)andbyworldstandardpopulation(ASIRW)were192.42/100,000and189.50/100,000withthecumulativeincidencerate(0-74yearsold)of22.07%.Thecancerincidence,ASIRCandASIRWinurbanareaswere267.64/100,000,195.27/100,000and192.02/100,000comparedto262.32/100,000,191.26/100,000and188.48/100,000inruralareas,respectively.Thecancermortalitywas164.47/100,

简介：Objective:Toestimatethecancerincidenceandmortalityin2012inGuangdongprovincebyanalyzingthecancerdataofselectedpopulation-basedcancerregistriesinGuangdongprovincein2012.Methods:Eightofninepopulation-basedcancerregistriessubmittedcancerdatatotheGuangdongProvincialCentreforDiseaseControlandPrevention(GuangdongCDC),whosedatametthedataqualitycriteriawereincludedforanalysis.Thestatisticsofselectedregistries,stratifiedbyareas,gender,ageandcancertypes,wereusedtoestimatethecancerincidenceandmortalityin2012inGuangdongprovinceaccordingtothepopulationdatainGuangdongprovince.Segi'spopulationandthenationalcensuspopulationin2000wereusedforcalculatingtheage-standardizedrates(ASR).Results:Atotalof15,084,942people,accountedfor17.47%ofallpopulationinGuangdongprovince,werecoveredin8selectedpopulation-basedcancerregistriesin2012.Thepercentageofcasesmorphologicallyverified(MV%)andthepercentageofdeathcertificate-onlycases(DCO%)were72.84%and0.87%,respectively,andthemortality/incidence(M/I)ratiowas0.56.Itwasestimatedthattherewere211,300newcancercasesand117,300cancerdeaths.Theincidencecruderate(CR),theASRbyChinesestandardpopulation(ASRC)andbyworldstandardpopulation(ASRW),andtheaccumulatedrate(AR)(0-74years)were250.20/100,000(265.39/100,000inmales,234.29/100,000infemales),207.04/100,000,201.34/100,000and22.91%,respectively,inGuangdongprovincein2012.TheincidenceCRandASRCwere267.25/100,000and221.43/100,000inurbanareas,and215.51/100,000and178.77/100,000inruralareas,respectively.ThedeathCR,ASRC,ASRWandAR(0-74years)were148.44/100,000(190.95/100,000inmales,105.06/100,000infemales),103.73/100,000,102.44/100,000and11.68%,respectively,inGuangdongprovincein2012.ThedeathCRandASRCwere164.57/100,000and105.46/100,000inurbanareas,and124.63/100,000and99.97/100,000inruralareas,respectivel

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简介：Breastcanceristhemostprevalentfemalecancerinboththedevelopedandlessdevelopedworld.AccordingtoWHO2013estimates,therewereover522000femalebreastcancerdeathsin2012[1].Breastcancer(1.7million)wasthesecondcommonlydiagnosedcancerworldwideafterlungcancer(1.8million),andfollowedbycolorectalcancer(1.4million)[1].Inless

简介：AIM:Tounderstandthecorrelationofserumcholinesterase(CHE)activitywithgastriccancerandtoassesstheirclinicalsignificance.METHODS:ThevelocitymethodwasadoptedtodetecttheactivityofserumCHEinpatientswithgastriccancerandinpatientswithnon-malignanttumorascontrols.RESULTS:TheserumCHEactivityinthetreatmentgroupwassignificantlylowerthanthatinthecontrolgroupwithaverysignificantdifferencebetweenthetwogroups(83.3:113.1,P=0.0003).Agewassignificantlyassociatedwiththeincidenceofgastriccaner.CONCLUSION:SerumCHEactivityhasacloserelationwiththeincidenceofgastriccancer.

简介：Primaryandmetastaticlivertumorsareanincreasingglobalhealthproblem,withhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)nowbeingthethirdleadingcauseofcancer-relatedmortalityworldwide.SystemictreatmentoptionsforHCCremainlimited,withSorafenibastheonlyprospectivelyvalidatedagentshowntoincreaseoverallsurvival.Surgicalresectionand/ortransplantation,locallyablativetherapiesandregionalorlocoregionaltherapieshavefilledthegapinlivertumortreatments,providingimprovedsurvivaloutcomesforbothprimaryandmetastatictumors.Minimallyinvasivelocaltherapieshaveanincreasingroleinthetreatmentofbothprimaryandmetastaticlivertumors.Forpatientswithlowvolumedisease,thesetherapieshavenowbeenestablishedintoconsensuspracticeguidelines.Thisreviewhighlightstechnicalaspectsandoutcomesofcommonlyutilized,minimallyinvasivelocaltherapiesincludinglaparoscopicliverresection(LLR),radiofrequencyablation(RFA),microwaveablation(MWA),high-intensityfocusedultrasound(HIFU),irreversibleelectroporation(IRE),andstereotacticbodyradiationtherapy(SBRT).Inaddition,theroleofcombinationtreatmentstrategiesutilizingtheseminimallyinvasivetechniquesisreviewed.

简介：SpleencellsfromBalb/cmiceimmunizedwithfivehumangastriccancercelllinesinsequencewerefusedwithmurinemyelomacelllineSP2/0,andhybridomas3F4,3G9and3H11,secretingmonoclonalantibodiees(MoAbs)againstgastriccancer,wereobtainedthroughselectivecultureandscreening.TheseMoAbshavebothgoodselectivityandahighpositiverateofreactionforgastriccancer,reaching5/5and84.8%to93.5%forgastriccancercellsandtissuesrespectively.ThereactionofMoAbswithnormalcellsandtissueswasneglible.ThecorrespondingantigensoftheMoAbsweresensitivetodigestionbytrypsinandpronaseandresistanttotreatmentwithsodiumperiodate,indicatingtheirnatureasproteins.Theantigen3G9couldbevisualizedwithWesternblottingastwobandswithmolecularweightsof100KDand70KD,howevernobandwasfoundforantigens3F4and3H11.Therewasahighexpressionofantigensinthemajorityofgastriccancercellsandtissuesindependentofhis-topathologicaltypeof

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简介：作为高度恶意的癌症和在世界上的癌症相关的死亡的第四个原因，胰腺的癌症被忧郁的预后描绘，由于到化疗的快速的疾病前进，高度侵略的瘤显型，和抵抗。尽管有在疾病的治疗的重要进展在过去的十年期间，幸存率几乎没被改进。到差的结果的一个贡献因素是为早诊断的适当敏感、特定的biomarkers的缺乏。而且，为指向，指导并且估计治疗学的干预，以及为剩余或周期性的癌症的察觉的biomarkers也被需要。因此，在胰腺的癌症的足够的biomarkers的鉴定具有极端重要性。最近，伴随proteomic技术和设备的发展，越来越潜在的biomarkers出现了并且被报导。在这评论，我们在胰腺的癌症提供基于proteome的biomarkers的角色的概述，包括织物，浆液，果汁，尿和房间线。我们以后也讨论可能的机制和前景。那个信息可能希望对这块地里的进一步的研究有用。

简介：Sonodynamictherapy(SDT)isanemergingapproachthatinvolvesacombinationoflow-intensityultrasoundandspecializedchemicalagentsknownassonosensitizers.Ultrasoundcanpenetratedeeplyintotissuesandcanbefocusedintoasmallregionofatumortoactivateasonosensitizerwhichoffersthepossibilityofnon-invasivelyeradicatingsolidtumorsinasite-directedmanner.Inthisarticle,wecriticallyreviewedthecurrentlyacceptedmechanismsofsonodynamicactionandsummarizedtheclassificationofsonosensitizers.Atthesametime,thebreathofevidencefromSDT-basedstudiessuggeststhatSDTispromisingforcancertreatment.