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简介：AbstractRespiratory viruses are major human pathogens that cause approximately 200 million pneumonia cases annually and induce various comorbidities with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), resulting in significant health concerns and economic burdens. Clinical manifestations in respiratory viral infections and inflammations vary from asymptomatic, mild, to severe, depending on host immune cell responses to pathogens and interactions with airway epithelia. We critically review the activation, effector, and regulation of T cells in respiratory virus infections and chronic inflammations associated with COPD. Crosstalk among T cells, innate immune cells, and airway epithelial cells is discussed as essential parts of pathogenesis and protection in viral infections and COPD. We emphasize the specificity of peptide antigens and the functional heterogeneity of conventional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to shed some light on potential cellular and molecular candidates for the future development of therapeutics and intervention against respiratory viral infections and inflammations.

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简介：AbstractBackground:Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by mucosal inflammation that leads to a variety of symptoms, such as nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing. This rhinitis is triggered by inhalation of allergens, such as pollen, and this condition has a negative impact on the quality of life. AR was shown to be associated with a number of co-morbidities, including hypothyroidism, asthma, and chronic sinusitis.Objective:This study aimed to assess AR-associated comorbidities in patients presenting symptoms and paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) scan findings in Taif City, Saudi Arabia.Methods:This cross-sectional study evaluated medical and radiological records of AR patients retrospectively from the period of December 2018 to September 2019 in Al-Hada Armed Forces Military Hospital, Taif City, Saudi Arabia.Results:A total of 103 AR patients with a mean age of 39.0 ± 15.6 years with 55.3% males and 44.7% females. The three most common associated comorbidities in allergic rhinitis patients were chronic sinusitis (28.2%), hypothyroidism (21.4%), and asthma (8.7%). Nasal obstruction (30.1%) was the symptom most frequently presented by all patients. Mucosal thickening occurred most frequently in patients with associated chronic sinusitis, while bilateral osteomeatal complex obliteration was observed mostly in asthmatic patients, and bony boundary thinning was more prevalent among patients with associated hypothyroidism.Conclusion:The gender distribution of AR was 10% more common among males; however, the most common three comorbidites in allergic rhinitis patients were chronic sinusitis, hypothyroidism, and asthma, and most of those patients were females. Hypothyroidism can be a hidden predisposing factor for AR, while chronic sinusitis can be caused by AR due to secretion stasis or immune system activation.

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简介：在有长期的心失败(CHF)的病人的雄激素的浆液层次的预示的意义上的以前的研究让步了冲突结果。这研究的目的是与收缩CHF在人检验在睾丸激素和死亡的浆液集中之间的关系。175个老人的一个总数(age≥；60年)与CHF被招募。全部的睾丸激素(TT)和性荷尔蒙绑定血球素(SHBG)被测量，并且估计免费睾丸激素(水蜥)是计算的。中部的后续时间是3.46年。这些病人，17在8 下面有TT水平；nmoll−1(230 ；27有的ngdl−1),在0.225 下面的水蜥水平；nmoll−1(65 ；pgml−1)并且12有两个。用年龄特定在在我们截止指的实验室的健康的人的TT和水蜥的第十个百分位数，TT的流行和水蜥缺乏是21.7%；(38/175)并且27.4%；(48/175)分别地。TT和水蜥相反地与左室的喷射部分(LVEF)和N终端被联系支持大脑的natriuretic肽(NT-pro-BNP)(所有P<；0.01)。为根据TT和水蜥，水平看了显著地不同的累积幸存的在低、中等、高的tertiles的病人的Kaplan-Meier曲线评价(两P<；0.01由木头等级测试)。在为临床的变量的调整以后，然而，与幸存时间没有TT或水蜥层次的重要协会(OR=0.97，95%；CI：0.84-1.12，P=0.28和OR=0.92，95%；CI：0.82-1.06，P=0.14，分别地)。我们的学习证明TT和水蜥的层次通常与收缩CHF并且与疾病严厉有关在老病人被减少，但是他们不是为死亡的独立预言者。

简介：评估由于长期的心脏的失败为浮肿与中国植物粘住的acupoint的治疗学的效果。

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简介：瞄准：为了学习敏感，特性和钡餐的费用有效性，直与在开发国家钠起源的长期的腹的疼痛地为病人用作一种屏蔽形式的结肠积气(BMFTP)列在后面。方法：出席肠胃病学单位的五十个病人，SMS医院，其临床的评估揭示了肠起源的长期的腹的疼痛，在学习被包括。在平淡的测试以后，BMFT，BMFTP，对比腹部，钡灌肠和结肠镜检查的提高的计算断层摄影术(CECT)被执行。敏感，特性和在小或大的肠损害的察觉的这些成像形式的费用有效性被比较。结果：从五十个病人，结构的病理在十被发现。当七与小肠参与独自或在联合有结肠的参与时，九从这十个病人有小肠参与。当检测小肠参与时，BMFTP的敏感与BMFT是与88.89%相比的100%(BMFTP与回盲肠检测了一个另外的病人参与)。为结肠的病理的察觉的BMFTP的敏感和特性是85.71%和95.35%(41/43)分别地。当他们的敏感是几乎可比较的时，多于BMFTP显著地用BMFT和钡灌肠费用的联合长期的腹的疼痛(肠起源)地屏蔽一个病人。结论：BMFTP应该在研究工作被包括在上面有钠起源的长期的腹的疼痛的病人，在此也多重的地点(小并且大肠)被怀疑参与或这个地点在临床的根据上是不清楚的。BMFTP是排除的一个节俭、快、舒适的过程对在病人的多数的结肠镜检查的需要。

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简介：TostudytheactionofKeGancapsuletoresistinjuryofhepaticcellsandfibrosisofliver.MethodsRephcatemodelofchronichepaticinjurywithCC14,atthebeginningofwhichKeGancapsulewasapplied;finishingexperiment,respectivelytestedthelevelofliverfimction,TP,ALB,A/G,L-hydroxyprolineandliverindexanddopathologicexaminationtofiver.ResultsKeGancapsulecanobviouslyreducethedegreeoffibrosisofliverandthelevelofL-hydroxyproline,improvethefiverfunction.Thehistologicalexaminationshowedthatcapsulehastheactionofprotectinghepaticcellsfrominjuryandresistingfibrosisoffivereither.ConclusionForKeGancapsulehastheactionofresistinginjuryoflivercellsandfibrosisofliver,it'shopedtobeappliedinprecautionandtreatmentoffibrosisoffiver.

简介：Chronicinflammatorydemyelinatingpolyneuropathy(CIDP)isaprogressiveautoimmunedisorderthattargetsperipheralnerves.Itcommonlypresentswithmotor-predominantdysfunctionandenlargementofcranialnerves.Withregardstohearingloss,afewcasesofsensorineurallosshavebeendescribed.WepresentanovelcaseofconductivehearinglosscausedbyamassonthetympanicsegmentofthefacialnerveinthesettingofCIDP.

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简介：AbstractPatients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) experience a severe and recalcitrant form of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and asthma, which are exacerbated by aspirin/NSAID ingestion. As compared with aspirin-tolerant CRSwNP, patients with AERD experience more severe olfactory dysfunction, which is one of the key contributors to the observed decrease in quality of life (QOL) in this disease. The objective of this paper is to review the published olfactory outcomes observed with various treatment modalities.