简介:Humanimmunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)hashadaninsightfulimpactaboutthestateofhealthinessofhumanimmunesystem.Duetogreatimprovementindrugtherapy,HIVinfectionshavebeenreducedby17%overthepasteightyears.IthasbeenprovedthatmosteffectivetreatmentHAART(HighlyActiveAntiRetroviralTherapy)mainlycontrolsthediseasesprogressionbutitdoesnoteradicatethediseasescompletely.ReverseTranscriptaseInhibitordrugsspeciallyassociatedwithvirusspecificCytotoxicT-Lymphocyte(CTL)thatdeclineswithdiseaseprogression.CTLresponsesagainstAIDSpathogenesiscouldbepotentialinthedynamicsofvirusreplication,recognitionandclearanceofinfectedcells.InthisresearcharticleamathematicalmodelhasbeenproposedonthebasisofCTLresponsesuppressioninthechronicphaseofinfectionduetopresenceofvirus.WealsoconsiderthegrowthoftheviruspopulationfromtheinfectedCD4~+Tcellsbuddingprocessandfromtheotherinfectedcellslikemacrophagesandthymocytes.Ouranalyticalandnumericalstudiesareconsistentwithexistingobservationsfromalliedareas.
简介:Chroniccolitisbelongstothecategoryof"Xiexie"(diarrhea),manifestedmainlyasloosestoolswithundigestedfood,mucusandsmallamountofpusandblood,abdominalpain,beinglong-lastingandlingeringinthecourseofdisease.Generally,thetherapeuticeffectwaspoor.Inrecentyears,theauthorofthepresentpaperhastreated28casesofthisdiseaseandachievedsatisfactoryresults.Hereisthesummary.
简介:AbstractObjective:This study aims to describe presenting characteristics of patients diagnosed with non-invasive chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) following liver or kidney transplant and determine factors associated with disease-related complications, selection of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), and disease resolution in this population.Study design:Retrospective chart review.Setting:An academic tertiary care center (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota).Subjects and methods:Liver and kidney transplant recipients evaluated by Mayo Clinic otolaryngologists for CRS between 1998 and 2018 were identified. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine patient factors and treatment modalities associated with developing complications, selection of ESS, and disease resolution.Results:Fifty-seven patients met inclusion criteria. No patients developed intraorbital or intracranial complications of their CRS. Multivariate modeling demonstrated that the presence of polyps (P = 0.036) was associated with undergoing ESS within one year of presentation. A higher Lund-Mackay (LM) computed tomography score (P = 0.023) and older age (P = 0.018) were significantly associated with decreased disease resolution. No other factors were significantly associated with the use of endoscopic sinus surgery within one year of otolaryngology presentation or resolution of CRS in this cohort.Conclusion:The risk of developing CRS-related intraorbital or intracranial complications in this immunecompromised patient cohort may be lower than originally thought. For liver- and kidney-recipients stable on immunosuppressive medication for many years, prognostic factors for CRS may mirror those for immunocompetent patients.
简介:AbstractAim:Toassesstheefficacyandsafetyofanalsubmucosalinjection(ASI)ofamikacininchronicbacterialprostatitis(CBP).Methods:FiftymaleoutpatientswithCBPwererandomlydiidedintotwogroups.ThirtycasesofASIgroupweregivenamikacin400mgdailybyASIfortentimesandtheothertwentycasesofintramuscularinjection(IM)groupweregiventhesamedrugdailybyIM,AllpatientswereevaluatedwithNIH-Chronicprostatitissymptomindex(NIH-CPSI),thebacteriacultureoftheexpressedprostatesecretion(EPS),proctoscopicexamination,rectalbiopsyandtheclinicalmanifestationwerecheckedatpretreatmentandonday7and90aftercessationoftherapy,Results:Thecurerate,apparenteffectiverateandeffectiverateofASIgroupandIMgroupwere33.3%vs5%(P<0.050,43.3%vs10%(P<0.05)and16.7%vs20%(P>0.05).respectively.ThescoreofNIH-CPSIinbothofASIgroupandIMgroupdecreasedsignificantly7daysaftercessationoftherapy,bothASIandIMofamikacincouldrelievesymptomswithinashorttime,However,3monthsaftercessationoftherapythescoreofNIH-CPSIinASIgroupcontinuedowninspiteofnosignificantdifferencescomparedwith7daysaftercessationoftheragy,butthescoreofIMgroupwasreboundnearlycolsedtolevelofpretreatmentat23.8±8.5andsignificantlyhigherthanthatofASIgroup.Theamountofwhitebloodcell(WBC)ofEPSinASIgroupincreasedslightlyat7daysaftercessationoftherapywithoutsignificantdifferencewithpretreatment(P>0.050,butitsignificantlydecreasedat3monthsaftercessationoftherapy,theamountofWBCofEPSinASIgroupwaslowerthanthatofIMgroupat3monthsaftercessationoftherapy(P<0.05).ProctoscopicexaminationofanalcanalwerenormalafterASItherapyandtherectumbiopsyshowednoobvioushistopathologicabnormalityatthesiteofinjectionexceptmildfocalsubmucosalinfiltrationoflymphocytesandplasmacellsat7daysaftercessationoftherapywhichdisappearedon3monthsaftercessationoftherapy.Allpatientshadnoevidentcomplicat
简介:无
简介:无
简介:ObjectivesToexploretheeffectoflosartanoncardiacandrenalfunctioninpatientswithchronicheartfailure(CHF).MethodsSixty-fivepatientswithCHFweredividedintotwogroupsusingarandomized,controlandsingleblindmethod:losartangroup(n=30)andconventiongroup(n=35),withatreatmentcourseof8weeksforbothgroups.TheconcentrationsofcystatinC(cysC)inserum,microamountalbumin(MA)inurineweremeasuredbyimmunoturbidimetry.Theconcentrationofaquaporin-2(AQP-2)wasdeterminedbyenzyme-linked-immunosorbentassay(ELISA)andtheheartcontractilefunctionwasmeasuredbyechocardiographybeforeandaftertreatmentrespectively.ResultsComparingwithroutinetreatmentgroup,leftventricularend-diastolicdimension(LVEDd)decreasedsignificantly,whileleftventricularejectionfraction(LVEF)andleftventricularfractionalshortening(LVFS)increasedsignificantlyinlosartangroup.ThelevelsofcysCinserumandMA,AQP-2inurineweresignificantlylowerinlosartangroupthaninroutinetreatmentgroup.ConclusionLosartancanimprovecardiacandrenalfunctioninpatientswithCHF.
简介:Tianshu(ST25),Zhongwan(CV12),Qihai(CV6),Zusanli(ST36)andetcwereselectedtotreatchronicdiarrhea.Thecurativeeffectbetweengingermoxibustionandacupuncturewascompared.Theeffectiverateoftwogroupswasrespectively93%and82%.
简介:AbstractIn 2009, China strengthened its public health service system. Since then, the country has made remarkable achievements in community-based chronic disease prevention and control; however, certain groups still have unmet needs. During 2019 to 2029, China will consolidate the top-level design of its medical health system. During this period, the coordination of department policies, improvement of service delivery mechanisms, building an integrated health service system, and other issues will be highlighted. This study will provide a basis for designing China's chronic disease prevention and control system during the next stage of development. We will consider the unmet needs of patients with chronic diseases as an indicator for remodeling the prediction system in combination with the elements and structural theories of complex health systems. In this article, we first introduce the definition and measurement methods of unmet needs. Second, we identify the existing unmet needs found among patients with chronic diseases with reference to the chronic disease prevention and control policies of China as well as current service items. Finally, we propose the design of community chronic disease service package for the next development stage based on unmet needs of patients with chronic diseases. We also provide suggestions for how to improve China's chronic care delivery system.
简介:AbstractBackground:Previously, dihydroceramide (d18:0/24:0) (dhCer (d18:0/24:0)) was reported to be a potential biomarker for acute-onchronic liver failure (ACLF) prognosis. In this study, we further explored the role of dhCer (d18:0/24:0) in the progression of ACLF to validate the biomarker using ACLF rat model.Methods:ACLF rats were sacrificed at 4 and 8 h post-D-galactosamine (D-gal)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration to investigate the liver biochemical markers, prothrombin time and liver histopathology. Change in dhCer and other sphingolipids levels were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Rats were treated with N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4-HPR) to examine the mortality rate and its role in improving ACLF.Results:LPS/D-gal administration resulted in significant elevation in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Prothrombin time was prolonged and histopathological examination showed abnormality. HPLC-MS/MS results showed total dhCer levels in ACLF group (64.10 ± 8.90 pmol/100 μL, 64.22 ± 6.78 pmol/100 μL for 4 and 8 h, respectively) were decreased significantly compared with control group (121.61 ± 23.09 pmol/100 μL) (P < 0.05). In particular, dhCer (d18:0/24:0), dhCer (d18:0/20:0), and dhCer (d18:0/22:0) levels were decreased. Treatment with 4-HPR significantly increased the levels of dhCers, including dhCer (d18:0/24:0) compared with ACLF group, for the level of dhCer (d18:0/24:0) in 4-HPR group was 20.10 ± 8.60 pmol/100 μL and the level of dhCer (d18:0/24:0) in ACLF group was 9.74 ± 2.99 pmol/100 μL (P < 0.05). This was associated with reduced mortality rate and prolonged survival time. The ALT and AST in 4-HPR group were significantly decreased compared with ACLF group. The prothrombin time of 4-HPR group (41.49 s) was significantly lower than the prothrombin time of ACLF group (57.96 s) (P < 0.05). 4-HPR also decreased plasma ammonia levels slightly, as the plasma ammonia levels in 4-HPR group and ACLF group were 207.37 ± 60.43, 209.15 ± 60.43 μmol/L, respectively. Further, 4-HPR treatment improved histopathological parameters.Conclusions:DhCer, especially dhCer (d18:0/24:0), is involved in the progression of ACLF. Increasing the levels of dhCer can reduce the mortality rate of ACLF rats and alleviate liver injury.
简介:Objective:EvaluatingtheauditoryfunctioninpatientswithchronichepatitisCtreatedwithsofosbuvirandribavirin.Methods:Thisstudyinvolved80patientswithchronichepatitisCwhoagreedtoreceivesofosbuvirandribavirin.Allparticipantsweresubjectedtobaselineotologicalandaudiologicalassessmentjustbeforetreatment.Theaudiologicalassessmentincludedstandardpuretoneaudiometry,extendedhighfrequencyaudiometry,immitancemetryandotoacousticemissions(OAEs)(transientanddistortionproduct).Accordingtobaselinehearingthresholdmeasurements,thestudypopulationwasdividedinto2groups.Group1included42patientswithnormalhearingsensitivity(250e8000Hz),andGroup2included38patientswithsensorineuralhearingloss.After24weeksoftherapy,otologicalandaudiologicalassessmentswererepeatedandcomparedbetweenthetwogroupsandbeforeandaftertherapy.Results:Post-treatmenthearingthresholdevaluationshowednosignificantdifferencefrompretreatmentevaluationatalltestedfrequencies.Therewasnostatisticallysignificantdifferencebetweenpreandpost-treatmentotoacousticemissionsresults.Conclusion:TherapywithsofosbuvirandribavirininchronichepatitisChasnonoticeableeffectsoncochlearfunctions.
简介:无
简介:Theclinicalexploitationofelectricallystimulatedskeletalmusclecirculationas-sistant(SMCA)isanewtechnologyinlater80’s.Itismainlyusedforadvancedstageheartfailureandprogressiveheartdiseases.Thiskindofheartdiseaseshasahigherincidenceanditsdeathrateoccupiesfirstplaceinallkindsofheartdiseases.Thetreatmentsuchashearttransplantingisrestrictedbycertaincircumstances,soitcannotbeusedingeneral.ThewayofSMCAcanavoidmanydisadvantagessuchasex-