简介：G-proteincoupledreceptors(GPCRs)areaclassofseven-helixtransmembraneproteinsthathavebeenusedinbioinformaticsasthetargetstofacilitatedrugdiscoveryforhumandiseases.AlthoughthousandsofGPCRsequenceshavebeencollected,theligandspecificityofmanyGPCRsisstillunknownandonlyonecrystalstructureoftherhodopsin-likefamilyhasbeensolved.Therefore,identifyingGPCRtypesonlyfromsequencedatahasbecomeanimportantresearchissue.Inthisstudy,anoveltechniqueforidentifyingGPCRtypesbasedontheweightedLevenshteindistancebetweentworeceptorsequencesandthenearestneighbormethod(NNM)isintroduced,whichcandealwithreceptorsequenceswithdifferentlengthsdirectly.Inourexperimentsforclassifyingfourclasses(acetylcholine,adrenoceptor,dopamine,andserotonin)oftherhodopsin-likefamilyofGPCRs,theerrorratesfromtheleave-one-outprocedureandtheleave-half-outprocedurewere0.62%and1.24%,respectively.Theseresultsarepriortothoseofthecovariantdiscriminantalgorithm,thesupportvectormachinemethod,andtheNNMwithEuclideandistance.

简介：NewZealandrabbitswererandomlydividedintoanischemiagroup(occlusionoftheabdominalaortafor60minutes),anischemia-reperfusiongroup(occlusionoftheabdominalaortafor60minutesfollowedby48hoursofreperfusion)andasham-surgerygroup.Two-dimensionalgelelectrophoresisdetected49differentiallyexpressedproteinsinspinalcordtissuefromtheischemiaandischemia/reperfusiongroupsand23ofthemwereidentifiedbymassspectrometry.Intheischemiagroup,theexpressionofeightproteinswasupregulated,andthatoftheremainingfourproteinswasdownregulated.Intheischemia/reperfusiongroup,theexpressionoffourproteinswasupregulated,andthatoftwoproteinswasdownregulated.Inthesham-surgerygroup,onlyoneproteinwasdetected.Intheischemiaandischemia/reperfusiongroups,fourproteinsoverlappedbetweengroupswiththesamedifferentialexpression,includingthreethatwereupregulatedandonedownregulated.Theseproteinswererelatedtoenergymetabolism,celldefense,inflammatorymechanismandcellsignaling.

简介：AbstractBackground:Nucleolar protein 6 (NOL6) is a nucleolar RNA-associated protein that is highly conserved between species. It has been proved to be associated with the prognosis of liver cancer. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully established. This study aimed to assess the relationship between NOL6 and liver cancer prognosis.Methods:We constructed an NOL6-short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-expressing lentivirus. Through viral transfection, cell growth assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting, we evaluated the effect of shRNA-mediated NOL6 knockdown on the proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The relationship between NOL6 expression and HCC patient survival has been established through bioinformatics analysis. We also explored the downstream molecular regulatory network of NOL6 in HCC by performing an Ingenuity Pathway Analysis in the database.Results:Increased NOL6 expression was detected in HCC cells compared to normal controls; HCC patients with high NOL6 expression had poorer prognoses than those with low expression. NOL6 knockdown inhibited HCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and colony formation. Also, MAPK8, CEBPA, and FOSL1 were selected as potential downstream genes of NOL6.Conclusions:NOL6 up-regulates HCC cell proliferation and affects downstream expression of related genes. Moreover, NOL6 is considered to be associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients.

简介：AbstractLeucine-rich repeats containing 4 (LRRC4, also named netrin-G ligand 2 [NGL-2]) is a member of the NetrinGs ligands (NGLs) family. As a gene with relatively high and specific expression in brain, it is a member of the leucine-rich repeat superfamily and has been proven to be a suppressor gene for gliomas, thus being involved in gliomagenesis. LRRC4 is the core of microRNA-dependent multi-phase regulatory loops that inhibit the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma (GB) cells, including LRRC4/NGL2-activator protein 2 (AP2)-microRNA (miR) 182-LRRC4 and LRRC4-miR185-DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)-LRRC4/specific protein 1 (SP1)-DNMT1-LRRC4. In this review, we demonstrated LRRC4 as a new member of the partitioning-defective protein (PAR) polarity complex that promotes axon differentiation, mediates the formation and plasticity of synapses, and assists information input to the hippocampus and storage of memory. As an important synapse regulator, aberrant expression of LRRC4 has been detected in autism, spinal injury and GBs. LRRC4 is a candidate susceptibility gene for autism and a neuro-protective factor in spinal nerve damage. In GBs, LRRC4 is a novel inhibitor of autophagy, and an inhibitor of protein-protein interactions involving in temozolomide resistance, tumor immune microenvironment, and formation of circular RNA.

简介：AbstractBackground:The hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the early stage of the disease, HBx facilitates tumor onset by inactivating the tumor suppressor p53. The p53-encoding gene, however, is frequently mutated or deleted as the cancer progresses to the late stage and, under such circumstance, the p53 homolog TAp63 can harness HCC growth by transactivating several important p53-target genes.Methods:To determine whether HBx regulates TAp63, we performed co-immunoprecipitation assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry analysis in p53-null cancer cell lines, Hep3B and H1299.Results:HBx interacts with the transactivation domain of TAp63, as HBx was co-immunoprecipitated with TAp63 but not with ΔNp63. The interaction between HBx and TAp63 abolished transcriptional activity of TAp63, as evidenced by the reduction of the levels of its target genes p21 and PUMA, consequently leading to restricted apoptosis and augmented proliferation of HCC cells.Conclusion:HBV induces progression of HCC that harbors defective p53 by inhibiting the tumor suppressor TAp63.

简介：我们以前识别了其在胸腺的表示被减少在的称为的Rwdd1变老或氧化地强调了的新奇蛋白质老鼠。在现在的学习，我们发现在原核生物、真核细胞的房间表示的Rwdd1在SDS页胶化上显示出更慢的迁居率。另外，Rwdd1对朊酶解朊作用更敏感。而且，是包含一个RWD领域的高度酸的蛋白质，Rwdd1与Gir2分享了顺序类似的高水平，内在地未组织的蛋白质(IUP)的一个成员。这些调查结果建议Rwdd1是IUP家庭的一个新奇成员。

简介：Accurateidentificationofprotein-codingregions(exons)inDNAsequenceshasbeenachallengingtaskinbioinformatics.Particularlythecodingregionshavea3-baseperiodicity,whichformsthebasisofallexonidentificationmethods.Manysignalprocessingtoolsandtechniqueshavebeenappliedsuccessfullyfortheidentificationtaskbutstillimprovementinthisdirectionisneeded.Inthispaper,wehaveintroducedanewpromisingmodel-independenttime-frequencyfilteringtechniquebasedonS-transformforaccurateidentificationofthecodingregions.TheS-transformisapowerfullineartime-frequencyrepresentationusefulforfilteringintime-frequencydomain.Thepotentialoftheproposedtechniquehasbeenassessedthroughsimulationstudyandtheresultsobtainedhavebeencomparedwiththeexistingmethodsusingstandarddatasets.Thecomparativestudydemonstratesthattheproposedmethodoutperformsitscounterpartsinidentifyingthecodingregions.

简介：Epstein-Barr病毒(EBV)，潜在的oncogenicherpesvirus，被发现了与几被联系malignancies.It是批评的得到身体的细胞的免疫与树枝状的房间(DC)与潜伏的膜蛋白质2A(LMP2A)装载了对肿瘤得到T房间反应的联系EBV的肿瘤development.Using斗争可以是最直接、最安全的免疫疗法approaches.The之一试图开发基于DCs的癌症疫苗(与LMP2A蛋白质装载的DC)的现在的学习和学习它的生物

简介：组织一个链球菌(气体)，重要人的病原体，能引起包括表面的感染的感染并且潜在地的各种各样的类型致命的感染，和搜索因为阻止煤气的感染的一支有效疫苗是进行中的许多年了。这份报纸把FbaA(在气体的表面上表示的Fn有约束力的蛋白质)的immunogenicity和immunoprotection与M蛋白质的作比较，气体的最好的immunogen。为有免疫力的反应的试金显示出那FbaA，类似于M蛋白质，能在BALB/c老鼠导致蛋白质特定的高IgGtiter。而且，跟随煤气的挑战，与FbaA使免疫的老鼠与M显示出象那些的一样的保护的率蛋白质。这些结果显示FbaA处于在在老鼠对煤气的挑战导致保护的免疫的M蛋白质的能力是类似的。

简介：骨头导出髓的间充质的干细胞(MSC)是为房间移植在临床的应用程序显示出一个重要潜力的pluripotent干细胞。在现在的论文，proteomic技术被用来接近与猪的骨头髓MSC联系的蛋白质侧面并且在5-azacytidine(5-aza)的效果上调查MSC蛋白质的规定。超过1,700蛋白质种类根据胶化分析与MSC被分开。与控制MSC介绍的表达式相比，有起来调整的11个蛋白质点并且26在5-aza-treated房间的蛋白质模式下面调整。21蛋白质的一个总数被MALDI-TOF-MS分析成功地识别，在哪个之中一些有趣的蛋白质，例如高山哈B-crystallin，在A2的附属建筑，和stathmin1，被报导了通过不同发信号的小径在房间增长和区别包含。我们的数据应该为MSC区别和apoptosis的未来学习是有用的。

简介：瞄准：检验在试验性的严重尖锐胰腺炎(树液)抵销抗体的反高的活动性组盒子1的效果(HMGB1)。方法：傻瓜被在C3H/HeN老鼠创造关上的十二指肠的循环劝诱。傻瓜在抵销抗体(200大杯)的anti-HMGB1的intraperitonealinjection以后立即被劝诱。胰腺炎，机关损害(肝，肾和肺)，和到胰的细菌的translocation的严厉被检验在树液的正式就职以后的12h。结果：显著地抵销抗体的Anti-HMGB1在树液改进了浆液淀粉酶水平的举起和胰和肺的组织学的改变。Anti-HMGB1抗体显著地也改善了在SAP.However的浆液丙氨酸aminotransferase和creatinine的举起，anti-HMGB1抗体变得更坏细菌的translocation到胰。结论：BlockadeofHMGB1稀释了树液的发展并且联系了机关机能障碍，建议HMGB1may充当为在树液的煽动性的反应和机关损害的一个关键调停人。

简介：IntroductionAsamemberofthebonemorphogeneticprotein(BMP)family,BMP-2playsimportantrolesnotonlyinboneregenerationandbonerepairbutalsoincellproliferation,apoptosis,differentiationandmorphogenesis.TheBMP-2remarkableabilitytostimulatenewbonegrowthresultsinthedevelopmentofanoveltherapystrategyforbonemassdefectduetoaccidentsordiseases.BecausetheBMP-2itself,inconjunctionwithasuitablematrix,issufficienttostimulategenesisofnewbone,thegeneticallyengineeredBMP-2hasgoodappliedprospects.

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简介：Disulfidebondsarevitalforproteinfunctions,butlocatingthelinkagesiteshasbeenachallengeinproteinchemistry,especiallywhenthequantityofasampleissmallorthecomplexityishigh.In2015,ourlaboratorydevelopedasensitiveandefficientmethodformappingproteindisulfidebondsfromsimpleorcomplexsamples（LuetaLinNatMethods12：329,2015）.Thismethodisbasedonliquidchromatography-massspectrometry（LC-MS）andapowerfuldataanalysissoftwaretoolnamedpLink.Tofacilitateapplicationofthismethod,wepresentstep-by-stepdisulfidemappingprotocolsforthreetypesofsamples--purifiedproteinsinsolution,proteinsinSDS-PAGEgels,andcomplexproteinmix-turesinsolution.Theminimumamountofproteinrequiredforthismethodcanbeaslowasseveralhundrednanogramsforpurifiedproteins,ortensofmicrogramsforamixtureofhundredsofproteins.Theentireworkflow--fromsamplepreparationtoLC-MSanddataanalysis--isdescribedingreatdetail.Webelievethatthisprotocolcanbeeasilyimplementedinanylaboratorywithaccesstoafast-scanning,high-resolution,andaccurate-massLC-MSsystem.

简介：瞄准：在老鼠男性检验不可分的膜蛋白质2b(Itm2b)的表示和规定繁殖纸巾在性成熟期间并且在不同治疗由下面在situ杂交。方法：睾丸，epididymis，和管推迟ens在天1-70上被收集在性成熟期间检验Itm2b表示。为了推进，检验Itm2b的规定，成年老鼠经历了外科的阉割和cryptorchidism。乙烯暗淡乙烷sulfonate和busulfan治疗被执行在Leydig房间和细菌房间的破坏以后测试Itm2b的规定。结果：在睾丸，Itm2b表示中等在天1-10上在生精的绳索的广告钠区域被检测，并且在天在spermatogonia在底层检测了20和30。Itm2b水平显著地从到白天70的白天20在Leydig房间被增加。在epididymis和管推迟ens，Itm2b从出生不满一月的婴儿被检测到逐渐地根据性成熟增加的成年人，和信号。Itm2b表示是显著地击倒在epididymis和管调整了推迟阉割的老鼠的ens，并且当阉割的老鼠与睾丸激素被对待时，强烈刺激了。Cryptorchidism在睾丸和头epididymis导致了Itm2b表示的重要衰落。在epididymis和管的Itm2b表示推迟在Leydig房间被乙烯破坏以后，ens显著地被减少暗淡乙烷sulfonate。Busulfan处理没在epididymis或管在Itm2b表示生产明显的变化推迟ens。结论：我们的数据建议那个Itm2b表达式起来在老鼠男性复制由睾丸激素和力量玩调整了一个角色。

简介：植物非特定的类脂化合物转移蛋白质(nsLtps)被报导了对细菌、真菌的病原体涉及植物防卫活动。在这研究，我们识别了135(122通常认为并且13以前识别了)SolanaceaensLtps，它被聚类进8个不同的组。由与Boutrot的nsLtp分类作比较，我们分类这八个组进五种类型(我，II，IV，IX和X)。我们把SolanaceaensLtps与Arabi-dopsis和GramineaensLtps作比较并且发现(1)那打字我，II和IV被Solanaceae，Gramineae和Arabidopsis分享；(2)类型III，V，VI和VIII被Gramineae和Arabidopsis分享然而并非到目前为止在Solanaceae检测了；(3)而类型IX在Arabidopsis和Solanaceae仅仅是在场的，类型VII仅仅在Gramineae被发现；(4)类型X是在我们的数据说明52.59%SolanaceaensLtps的一种新类型，并且到目前为止没在任何另外的植物被报导。我们进一步造了并且比较了八个组的三维的结构，并且发现在nsLtp家庭以内的主要功能的多样化能被早于到monocot/dicot分叉，并且许多基因复制和顺序变化在monocot/dicot分叉以后发生在nsLtp家庭，特别在Solanaceae。

简介：在这个工作，静止阶段与phosphorylcholine(PC)修改了的两性离子的离子层析(ZIC)的一种准备方法被hydrolyzing在结合的phosphorylcholine二氯化物以后获得到diol硅石更好在酸的蛋白质和基本蛋白质的同时的分离作为ZIC静止阶段ligand探索PC组的特征。结果证明同时，二种酸的蛋白质和三种基本蛋白质能完全被分开母鸡鸡蛋白色被分开并且净化并且三种鸡蛋白人部件ovalbumin，G2ovoglobulin和ovotransfemin蛋白质被一个单身者完全分开PC-ZIC上的步列，所有蛋白质的纯净上面到达了95%。PC-ZIC静止阶段成功地比以前在这份报纸报导与更好的分离能力和选择被改进。

简介：Mitogenactivated-proteinkinases(MAPKs)areimportantcomponentsinsignaltransductionpathwaysrespondingtovariousbioticandabioticstresses.AnMAPKgene,OsMPK14(GenBankAccessionNo.GQ265780)fromrice(OryzasativaL.),wasclonedbyRT-PCR.Thefull-lengthcDNAofOsMPK14consistsof1660bpinsize,containinganopenreadingframeof1629bp,whichencodesa542-amino-acidpolypeptideandhasatypicalproteinkinasedomainandaphosphorylationactivationmotifTDY.SequencealignmentandanalysisrevealedthatOsMPK14waslocatedonricechromosome5,andcomposedofnineexonsandeightintronsinthecodingregion.Semi-quantitativeRT-PCRwasperformedtodetecttheexpressionpatternsofOsMPK14inriceshootsandrootsunderdarkness,drought,highsalinity,lowtemperatureandabscisicacidtreatments.TheOsMPK14mRNAwasinducedbyabscisicacid,lowtemperatureandhighsalinity,butweaklyinhibitedbydrought.Inaddition,theexpressionofOsMPK14wasup-regulatedinroots,butdown-regulatedinshootsbylight.TheresultsindicatethatOsMPK14couldbeimplicatedindiversericestimuli-responsivesignalingcascades,anditsexpressionmightberegulatedbymultiplefactors.