简介:Theexpressionofglucoseregulatedprotein94(GPR94)duringthetreatmentofhumancolorectalcarcinomacelllineCloneAcellswithcodiumbutyratewasstudied.Dodiumbutyrate(SB)cancausefunctionalandmorphologicaleffectsonCloneAcellsincludinggrowtharrestatG0/G1stageandcelldifferentiationasobservedbymorphologicalchanges,MTTandflowcytometryassays,aswellasreducedGrp94geneexpressionasshownbyNorthernblotandWesternblotassays.ThepossiblemechanismofthecorrelationbetweenGrp94geneexpressionandtumorgrowthinhibitionandcelldifferentiationisbrieflydiscussed.
简介:Direct-methodphaseextensionhasbeenappliedtotwo-dimensionalelectrondiffractiondataoftheproteinstreptavidin.Structure-factoramplitudesfromelectrondiffractionwerecombinedwithphasesfromthecorrespondingelectronmicrographs.Maximum-entropydiscriminationandclusteranalysiswereusedtoderiveasolutionfromalargenumberofrandomtrials.Thephaseextensionfrom0.3to0.25nmledtosubstantialimprovementofthereconstructedprojectionimagequality.
简介:EXPRESSIONOFEBVLATENTMEMBRANEPROTEININESOPHAGEALCARCINOMAANDPARACANCEROUSMUCOSAWuMingyao吴名耀LiangYingrui梁英锐WuXianying吴贤英Depar...
简介:Bunchingofelementarystepsbysolutionflowisstillnotyetclarifiedforproteincrystals.Hence,inthisstudy,weobservedelementarystepsoncrystalsurfacesofmodelproteinhenegg-whitelysozyme(HEWL)underforcedflowconditions,byouradvancedopticalmicroscopy.WefoundthatinthecaseofaHEWLsolutionof99.99%purity,forcedflowchangedbunchedstepsintoelementaryones(debunching)ontetragonalHEWLcrystals.Incontrast,inthecaseofaHEWLsolutionof98.5%purity,forcedflowsignificantlyinducedbunchingofelementarysteps.TheseresultsindicatethatinthecaseofHEWLcrystals,themasstransferofimpuritiesismoresignificantlyenhancedbyforcedsolutionflowthanthatofsoluteHEWLmolecules.Wealsoshowedthatforcedflowinducedtheincorporationofmicrocrystalsintoamothercrystalandthesubsequentformationofscrewdislocationsandspiralgrowthhillocks.
简介:AbstractThe outbreak of viral infections are serious threat to human life and health. However, there remains to be a lack of effective treatments and prophylactic measures against some viral infections. Additionally, there are numerous challenges in developing vaccines and antiviral drugs (e.g., antibodies and protein inhibitors), such as low immunogenicity of vaccines, difficulties in storing vaccines, instability and easy degradation of protein drugs, and lack of drug selectivity. Protein-based biomaterials can interact with antiviral drugs or vaccines to achieve synergistic or enhanced effects, making them a promising antiviral tool with many advantages. Silk fibroin has the potential to stabilize liquid vaccines at room temperature. Elastin-like polypeptide modification can improve the stability and yield of virus-neutralizing antibodies. Drugs in combination with β-casein or serum albumin (SA) has good prospects in treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. Moreover, the greatest value of SA as a protein-based antiviral material lies in its ability to target the liver and macrophages. In the future, combination with SA (direct conjugation or encapsulation with drugs) may be a better treatment strategy for viral hepatitis and HIV infections because it leads to fewer adverse reactions. In addition, self-assembling protein nanoparticles (SApNPs) are found to improve vaccine immunogenicity. The combination of multiple viral immunogens and multiple SApNPs produces different promising vaccine candidates, thus highlighting the value of SApNPs. This review aimed to discuss the current status and future prospects for the development of protein-based biomaterials to combat viral infections.
简介:为Agnanoparticles的准备的一条完全绿的小径被建议,由使用酱油蛋白质孤立(SPI)作为在紫外照耀和H2O下面的stabilizer作为在整个准备的环境地良性的溶剂。传播电子显微镜学(TEM)和希腊语的第六个字母潜力描述结果显示Agnanoparticles与一条平均直径稳定、很好分散大约13nm,和SPI/Ag合成nanoparticles的X光检查衍射(XRD)分析证实了金属性的银的形成。紫外力的光谱证明Agnanoparticles分散答案由于Agnanoparticles的表面电浆子回声在大约430nm有最大的吸收度。红外线的光谱学证实SPI的多肽脊梁没在变化形式过程期间被劈开并且一些积极的氨基的组被氧化。SPI/Ag合成nanoparticles对二个代表性的细菌举办优秀抗菌剂活动,葡萄球菌aureus(克积极)并且escherichiacoli(克否定)面对SPI。
简介:Aglycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)anchorisacommonbutcomplexC-terminalpost-translationalmodificationofextracellularproteinsineukaryotes.HereweinvestigatetheproblemofcorrectlyannotatingGPI-anchoredproteinsforthegrowingnumberofsequencesinpublicdatabases.Wedevelopedacomputa-tionalsystem,calledFragAnchor,basedonthetandemuseofaneuralnet-work(NN)andahiddenMarkovmodel(HMM).Firstly,NNselectspotentialGPI-anchoredproteinsinadataset,thenHMMparsesthesepotentialGPIsig-nalsandrefinesthepredictionbyqualitativescoring.FragAnchorcorrectlypredicted91%ofalltheGPI-anchoredproteinsannotatedintheSwiss-Protdatabase.Inalarge-scaleanalysisof29eukaryoteproteomes,FragAnchorpredictedthatthepercentageofhighlyprobableGPI-anchoredproteinsisbetween0.21%and2.01%.ThedistinctivefeatureofFragAnchor,comparedwithothersystems,isthatittargetsonlytheC-terminusofaprotein,makingitlesssensitivetothebackgroundnoisefoundindatabasesandpossibleincompleteproteinsequences.Moreover,FragAnchorcanbeusedtopredictGPI-anchoredproteinsinalleukaryotes.Finally,byusingqualitativescoring,thepredictionscombinebothsensitivityandinformationcontent.Thepredictorispubliclyavailableathttp://navet.ics.hawaii.edu/~fraganchor/NNHMM/NNHMM.html.
简介:Insulinsecretorygranules(ISGs),agroupofdistinguishingorganellesinpancreaticβcells,areresponsibleforthestorageandsecretionofinsulintomaintainbloodglucosehomeostasis.ThemolecularmechanismsofISGbiogenesis,maturation,transportation,andexocytosisarestilllargelyunknownbecausetheproteinsinvolvedinthesedistinctstepshavenotbeenfullyidentified.Subcellularfractionationbydensitygradientcentrifugationhasbeensuccessfullyemployedtoanalyzetheproteomesofnumerousorganelles.However,useofthismethodtoelucidatetheISGproteomeislimitedbyco-fractionatedcontaminantsbecause1SGsareverydynamicandhaveabundantexchangesorcontactswithotherorganelles,suchastheGolgiapparatus,lysosomes,andendosomes.Inthisstudy,wedevelopedanewstrategyforidentifyingISGproteinsbyproteincorrelationprofiling(PCP)-basedproteomics,whichincludedISGpurificationbyOptiPrepdensitygradientcentrifugation,label-freequantitativeproteome,andidentificationofISGproteinsbycorrelatingfractionationprofilesbetweencandidatesandknownISGmarkers.Usingthisapproach,wewereabletoidentify81ISGproteins.Amongthem,TM9SF3,anine-transmembraneprotein,wasconsideredahighconfidenceISGcandidateproteinhighlightedinthePCPnetwork.FurtherbiochemicalandimmunofluorescenceassaysindicatedthatTMgSF3localizedinISGs,suggestingthatitisapotentialnewISGmarker.
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简介:heterotrimericguanine核苷酸绑定蛋白质(G蛋白质)被表明了各种各样的发信号调停在植物的小径。然而,它在发信号的phytochromeA(phyA)的角色留下逃犯。在这研究,我们发现新调停phyA的显型指明了far-red照耀(FR)preconditioned房间死亡,它仅仅在跟随暴露到白光(WL)的FR-grown幼苗的胚轴发生。房间死亡在G变异的gpa1被减轻,但是与野类型(WT)比较在G变异的agb1加重了,在调停phyA的房间死亡小径的GPA1和AGB1的对抗角色的陈述语气。进一步的调查显示nonphotoconvertibleprotochlorophyllide(Pchlide633)的导致FR的累积,在暴露上产生反应的氧种类(ROS)到WL,为前提FR的房间死亡被要求。而且,ROS主要在叶绿体被检测用荧光灯探查。有趣地,到黑暗成年的幼苗的H2O2的申请导致类似于前提FR的房间死亡的显型。这表明ROS是为房间死亡的一个批评调停人。另外,我们观察到agb1比WT幼苗对H2O2更敏感,显示G蛋白质可以也修改到ROS应力的幼苗的敏感。一起拿这些结果,我们推断G蛋白质可以涉及表明小径调整Arabidopsis胚轴的前提FR的房间死亡的phyA。在phyA位于G蛋白质的参与下面发信号的可能的机制在这研究被讨论。
简介:AIM:ToevaluatethehighsensitivityC-reactiveprotein(hsCRP),Fetuin-Aandmatrixγ-carboxyglutamateprotein(MGP)asthemainfactorsforvascularcalcificationandinflammationinserumofpatientswithadvancedage-relatedmaculardegeneration(ARMD)incomparisontohealthycontrols.METHODS:Thesubjectswere40patientswithchoroidalneovascularization(CNV)havingameanageof70.9±9.1yandamatchedgroupof49apparentlyhealthycontrolsubjects.TheARMDwasdiagnosedusingaslitlampwithsuperfieldlens,fundusphotographyandfluoresceinangiography.MeasurementofhsCRPwasdonebynephelometrymethod.LevelsofFetuin-AandMGPweremeasuredbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)technique.RESULTS:hsCRP[0.45(0.07-2.63)mg/Lvs0.25(0.03-1.2)mg/L,P=0.02)]andFetuin-Alevels(50.27±5.04vs44.99±10.28ng/mL,P=0.009)werehigherinthepatientsthaninthecontrolgroups.WecouldnotfindsignificantdifferenceinMGPlevelbetweentwogroups(P=0.08).TherewasnotasignificantcorrelationbetweenMGPwithFetuin-AandhsCRPamongthepatients(P=0.7,P=0.9respectively).AsignificantnegativecorrelationofhsCRPwithFetuin-Awasobservedinbothcaseandcontrolgroups(P=0.004,r=-0.33andP=0.001,r=-0.54,respectively).CONCLUSION:AlthoughourstudyshowsthatserumhsCRPandFetuin-AisincreasedinCNVpatientsaswellasnegativelycorrelatedwithbothstudygroups,theirdirectroleonpathogenesisofARMDrequiredfuturestudies.
简介:AbstractAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of African swine fever, a highly fatal hemorrhagic disease of pigs, which has resulted in great economic losses to the global pork industry, especially in Asia. ASFV particles are comprised of multiple layers encompassing the genomic DNA. Though the capsid structure has been determined, very little is known about the structure of the core shell. The precursor polyprotein pp62 is the structural component of the core shell that gives rise to the p35 and p15 proteins. Herein, we describe the crystal structure of p15 at a resolution of 2.2 Å. The structure of p15 exhibits as a trimeric conformation that is mainly mediated by intermolecular disulfide bonds and supported by multiple hydrogen bond interactions. The button conformation on the surface of adjacent molecules may also play a role in trimeric formation of the ASFV p15. The center of the p15 trimer exhibits opposite electrostatic characteristics on each side. These findings benefit our understanding of ASFV core shell assembly and will aid in the design of antiviral drugs and vaccines.
简介:Objective:ToexploretheexpressionofmRNAanditsproteininburnedratsandtheireffectsofburnwoundhealing.Methods:Apartial-thicknessburnof30%totalbodysurfaceareawascreatedonthebackof40Wistarrats.Insituhybridizationandimmunohistochemicalmethodswereusedtoexaluatethelocationandtheamountofthec-fosmRNAanditsproteininnormalskinandtheburnedskin,respectively,at3h,6h,1d,3d,7dand14dafterburn.Results:Underalightmicroscope,boththeexpressionofc-formRNAanditsproteincouldbefoundinthenormalskin,buttheirinductionlevelsweremuchhigherintheburnedskin.Thelevelofforproteinexpressionreachedpeakat3hafterburnwhilethatofc-formRNAreachedpeakat6hafterburn.Conclusions:Theexpressionofc-foscanbeinducedbyburns.Andthepeaklevelexpressionofc-formRNAcomeslaterthanthatofc-fosprotein.Itindicatesthattheactionoffosproteinisinducedbypost-translationalmodificationofpre-existingfosmolecules.
简介:Fromthepress-residueofthefreshroottuberofTrichosantheskirilowiiMaxim(Cu-curbitaceae),anewribosome-inactivatingprotein(RIP),trichobitacin,wasisolated.IthastheactivityofRNAN-glycosidaseandcaninhibitthegrowthofhumanplacentaltrophoblasticcells.Itsmolecularweightis27,228Da(ES-MS)andpI9.6.ItisasinglechainbasicRIP.Itsaminoacidcompositionwasdetermined.ItisanewRIP.Itconsistsof0.7~0.9%galactoseandmaybeaglycoprotein.ItsA’-andC-terminalaminoacidisAspandAla,respectively.ItsN-terminalpreliminaryaminoacidsequencehasbeendetermined.