简介:摘要:我国《合同法》第52条第5项明确规定了违反强制性规定的合同无效情形法律后果,然而由于“强制性规定”的判定标准模糊,司法实务对此条款的运用难以统一。《合同法》相关司法解释及民法总则的相继出台,为该条司法适用提供了指引,但实践远比学理想象复杂。诚然,法律无法周严详实地覆盖纷繁庞杂的社会现实,暴露于司法裁判中的法律漏洞需要作为居中裁判者的法官在模棱两可的边缘作出选择,个体和个案的差异又使得自由裁量难免有时偏颇。面对此境况,本文结合理论界的不同观点和实务中的不同应用,从法律解释和类型化的识别两方面对强制性规定的理解与适用提出相关建议。
简介: [摘要 ] 目的 评估强制性运动训练( Constraint-induced movement therapy, CIMT)对促进脑卒中患者上肢运动功能康复的疗效。 方法 连续纳入 60例于 2018年 1月~ 2019年 12月期间在我院住院治疗的脑卒中患者,随机分为普通训练组与 CIMT组。普通训练组采用常规康复治疗技术, 2 h/d,每周 5 d,连续 3周 ;CIMT组采用强制性运动训练疗法, 6 h/d, 5次 /周,连续 3周。评估两组患者治疗前后的 Wolf运动功能试验( Wolf motor function test, WMFT)与日常活动能力量表( Barthel index, BI)改善情况。 结果 CIMT组患者的 Wolf运动功能试验( WMFT)评估分值和 BI评估分值改善情况均优于普通训练组,差异具有统计学意义( P<0.05)。 结论 强制性运动训练能够有效促进脑卒中患者的上肢运动功能康复,值得运用推广。 [关键词 ] 强制性运动训练 ;脑卒中 ;上肢 ;运动功能 [Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) on the rehabilitation of upper extremity motor function in stroke patients. Methods 60 stroke patients who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were randomly divided into two groups: general training group and CIMT group. The general training group was treated with conventional rehabilitation technology, 2 h / D, 5 days a week, for 3 weeks; the CIMT group was treated with compulsory exercise therapy, 6 h / D, 5 times a week, for 3 weeks. The improvement of Wolf motor function test (wmft) and Barthel Index (BI) were evaluated before and after treatment. Results the improvement of wmft and Bi in CIMT group was better than that in general training group (P < 0.05). Conclusion compulsory sports training can effectively promote the rehabilitation of upper limb motor function of stroke patients, and it is worth popularizing.