简介：Thegoalsofthispaperaretwofold:wedescribecommonfeaturesindatasetsfrommotorvehicleinsurancecompaniesandweinvestigateageneralstrategywhichexploitstheknowledgeofsuchfeatusres.Theresultsofthestrategyareabasistodevelopinsurancetariffs.Weuseanonparametricapproachbasedonacombinationofkernellogisticregressionandε-supportvectorregressionwhichbothhavegoodrobustnessproperties.Thestrategyisappliedtoadatasetfrommotorvehicleinsurancecompanies.

简介：1.IntroductionItiswellknownthattheefficiencyandpowerfactorofthesolid-rotorinductionmotorarelowerthanthoseofthecagerotorin-ductionmotorduetolargerleakagereactance.Therefore,conduct-ingendringsareoftenfittedtorotorendstoimprovemotorper-formance.Mostoftheanalysesonthesolid-rotorinductionmotorwithendringshaveassumedthatthemotorisofinfinitecorelengthandtangentialcurrentintherotortobenegligible.

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简介：Asamegacitywiththrivingeconomy,Shanghaiisexperiencingrapidmotorisationandconfrontedwithtrafficcongestionproblemsdespiteitslowcarownership.Itisofvaluetolookintothepoliciesonemissioncontrolofmotorvehicleandcongestionreductioninsuchacitytoexplorehowtoreconcilemobilityenhancementwiththeenvironment.ResultsofadynamicsimulationdisplayedtimepathsofemissionsfrommotorvehiclesinShanghaiovertheperiodfrom2000to2020.Thesimulationresultsshowedthatearlypoliciesonemissioncontrolofmotorvehiclecouldbringaboutfar-reachingeffectsonemissionreduc-tion,andtakeadvantageofavailablelow-pollutingtechnologiesandtechnicalinnovationovertime.Traveldemandmanagementwouldplayanimportantroleincurbingcongestionandreducingmotorvehiclepollutionbycalmingdowncarownershipriseanddeterringinefficienttripsaswellasreducingfuelwastecausedbycongestion.

简介：Background:Fewschoolsettingsofferopportunitiesforpreschoolchildrentoengageinstructuredphysicalactivity,andonlyafewstudieshavebeenconductedexaminingexergaming’seffectivenessonhealthoutcomesinthisagegroup.Thisstudy’spurpose,therefore,wastoexamineaschool-basedexergamingintervention’seffectonpreschoolchildren’sperceivedcompetence(PC),motorskillcompetence(MSC),andphysicalactivityversususualcare(recess),aswellastoexaminegenderdifferencesfortheseoutcomes.Methods:Atotalof65preschoolchildrenfrom2underservedurbanschoolswereassignedto1of2conditions,withtheschoolastheexperimentalunit:(1)usualcarerecessgroup(8weeksof100minofrecess/week(5days×20min))and(2)exergaminginterventiongroup(8weeksof100minofexergaming/week(5days×20min)atschool).AllchildrenunderwentidenticalassessmentsofPC,MSC,andmoderate-to-vigorousphysicalactivity(MVPA)atbaselineandattheendofthe8thweek.Results:AsignificantGroup×TimeeffectwasobservedforMVPA,F(1,52)=4.37,p=0.04,ηp^2=0.04,butnotforPC,F(1,52)=0.83,p=0.37,ηp^2=0.02,orMSC,F(1,52)=0.02,p=0.88,ηp^2=0.00.Specifically,theinterventionchildrendisplayedsignificantlygreaterincreasedMVPAafter8weeksthanthecomparisonchildren.Additionally,therewasasignificanttimeeffectforMSC,F(1,52)=15.61,p<0.01,ηp^=0.23,andgendereffectforMVPA,F(1,52)=5.06,p=0.02,ηp^2=0.09.Althoughallpreschoolers’MSCimprovedacrosstime,boysdemonstratedgreaterMVPAthangirlsatbothtimepoints.Conclusion:Exergamingshowedapositiveeffectinpromotingpreschoolchildren’sMVPAatschoolandhasthepotentialtoenhancePCandMSC.Moreresearchwithlargersamplesizesandlongerstudydurationsarewarranted.

简介：Anactivestereovisionsystembasedonamodelofneuralpathwaysofhumanbinocularmotorsystemisproposed.Withthismodel,itisguaranteedthatthetwocamerasoftheactivestereovisionsystemcankeeptheirlinesofsightfixedonthesametargetobjectduringsmoothpursuit.Thisfeatureisveryimportantforactivestereovisionsystems,sincenotonly3Drecon-structionneedsthetwocamerashaveanoverlappingfieldofvision,butalsoitcanfacilitatethe3Dreconstructionalgorithm.Toevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedmethod,somesoftwaresimulationsaredonetodemonstratethesametargettrackingcharacteristicinavirtualenvironmentapttomistrackingeasily.Here,mistrackingmeanstwoeyestracktwodifferentobjectsseparately.Thentheproposedmethodisimplementedinouractivestereovisionsystemtoperformrealtrackingtaskinalaboratoryscenewhereseveralpersonswalkself-determining.Beforetheproposedmodelisimplementedinthesystem,mis-trackingoccurredfrequently.Afteritisenabled,mistrackingneveroccurred.Theresultshowsthatthevisionsystembasedonneuralpathwaysofhumanbinocularmotorsystemcanreliablyavoidmistracking.

简介：摘要BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESA large proportion of spinal cord injuries (SCI) are incomplete. Even in clinically complete injuries, silent non-functional connections can be present. Therapeutic approaches that can strengthen transmission in weak neural connections to improve motor performance are needed. Our aim was to determine whether long-term delivery of paired associative stimulation (PAS, a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation [TMS] with peripheral nerve stimulation [PNS]) can enhance motor output in the hands of patients with chronic traumatic tetraplegia, and to compare this technique with long-term PNS.METHODSFive patients (4 males; age 38-68, mean 48) with no contraindications to TMS received 4 weeks (16 sessions) of stimulation. PAS was given to one hand and PNS combined with sham TMS to the other hand. Patients were blinded to the treatment. Hands were selected randomly. The patients were evaluated by a physiotherapist blinded to the treatment. The follow-up period was 1 month. Patients were evaluated with Daniels and Worthingham's Muscle Testing (0-5 scale) before the first stimulation session, after the last stimulation session, and 1 month after the last stimulationsession.RESULTSOne month after the last stimulation session, the improvement in the PAS-treated hand was 1.02±0.17 points (P<0.0001, n＝100 muscles from 5 patients). The improvement was significantly higher in PAS-treated than in PNS-treated hands (176±29%, P＝0.046, n＝5 patients)．CONCLUSIONLong-term PAS might be an effective tool for improving motor performance in incomplete chronic SCI patients. Further studies on PAS in larger patient cohorts, with longer stimulation duration and at earlier stages after the injury, are warranted.

简介：圆柱的超声的马达(CUSM)能广泛地在许多地例如里被使用激增并且集中照相机的系统，电的窗帘并且工作专注于的MEMS.This微司机单个点并且在定子和rotor.which之间的双点接触模式被理论证明，experiment.There是预先迫使在单个点的模型是的批评point.the下面的pre-pressure.When的一个批评的点合适；否则双点模型是appropriate.Then转的力量

简介：据报道，MotorTechnology公司的驱动器及电机产品最近成功用于一套巨型飓风模拟系统的关键执行部件，该系统可模拟强度高达5级的飓风。

简介：Insularlesionsremainsurgicallychallengingbecauseoftheneedtobalanceaggressiveresectionandfunctionalprotection.Motorfunctiondeficitsduetocorticospinaltractinjuryareacommoncomplicationofsurgeryforlesionsadjacenttotheinternalcapsuleanditisthereforeessentialtoevaluatethecorticospinaltractadjacenttothelesion.Weuseddiffusiontensorimagingtoevaluatethecorticospinaltractin89patientswithinsularlobelesionswhounderwentsurgeryinChinesePLAGeneralHospitalfromFebruary2009toMay2011.Postoperativemotorfunctionevaluationrevealedthat57patientshadnochangesinmotorfunction,and32patientssufferedmotordysfunctionoraggravatedmotordysfunction.Oftheaffectedpatients,20recoveredmotorfunctionduringthe6-12-monthfollow-up,andanadditional12patientsdidnotrecoverovermorethan12monthsoffollow-up.Followingreconstructionofthecorticospinaltract,fractionalanisotropycomparisondemonstratedthatpreoperative,intraoperativeandfollow-upnormalizedfractionalanisotropyinthestablegroupwashigherthaninthetransientdeficitsgrouporthelong-termdeficitsgroup.Comparedwiththetransientdeficitsgroup,intraoperativenormalizedfractionalanisotropysignificantlydecreasedinthelong-termdeficitsgroup.Weconcludethatintraoperativefractionalanisotropyvaluesofthecorticospinaltractscanbeusedasaprognosticindicatorofmotorfunctionoutcome.

简介：Objective:Tobetterunderstandthecharacteristicsoftheneurogenicmotorevokedpotential(NMEP)beforeandafteracutespinalcordinjury.Methods:WerecordedandcharacterizedthespinalcordNMEPfrom48normalratsandfrom38ratswithspinalcordhemisectionlesion.SpinalcordNMEPswereelicitedbyapplyingarangeofcurrentintensitieswithbipolarmicroelectrodestimulitotheC4cordsegmentandrecordingtheresponsesfromsciaticnerveswithbipolarmicroelectrodesplacedintheneurilemma.Results:Theevokedpotentialsconsistedofthreestableandreproduciblenegativeandthreepositivepeaks.Themean±SDlatenciesofN1were2.89±0.22msontherightsideand2.89±0.24msontheleftside.Themeanconductionvelocitywas47.9m/s.Themean±SDamplitudesofN1were3.61±2.10μVontherightsideand3.83±2.32μVontheleftside.TheamplitudesofN1weresignificantlydifferentamongtheeightstimulusintensitygroups(rightside:F=2.22,df=7201,P=0.03;leftside:f=2.11,df=7206,P=0.04).Theamplitudewaslargestwhenthestimulusintensitywas1.1-2.5mA.ThelatenciesofN1werenotsignificantlydifferentamongtheeightstimulusintensitygroups(rightside:F=0.40,df=7201,P=0.9;leftside:F=1.20,df=7206,P=0.3).TheamplitudesandlatenciesofN2,N3werenotsignificantlydifferentamongtheeightstimulusintensitygroups.Therewerenosignificantchangesinlatencyandamplitudebetweentheleftandtherightsidenerveresponses.Thirty-eightratsundewentT9cordrightsidehemisection.Amongthem,20(53%),30(79%),and32(84%)ratscouldnotberecordedincorrespondingtoN1,N2,andN3,respectively,intheright-sidesciaticnerves;and13(79%),18(47%),and21(55%),incorrespondingtoN1,N2,andN3intheleft-sidesciaticnerves.Thelatencywassignificantlydelayedonthebothrightandleftsides.TheamplitudeN1wassignificantlydepressedonthebothsides,withN3significantlydepressedontherightsideandN2notsignificantlydepressed.Conclusions:TheamplitudeofNissignificantlydiffere

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简介：Amyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)isafatalprogressivedisordercharacterizedbytheselectivedegenerationofmotorneurons(MN).TheimpactofperipheralimmunestatusondiseaseprogressionandMNsurvivalisbecomingincreasinglyrecognizedintheALSresearchfield.Inthisreview,webrieflydiscussfindingsfrommousemodelsofperipheralnerveinjuryandimmunodeficiencytounderstandhowtheimmunesystemregulatesMNsurvival.Weextendtheseobservationstosimilarstudiesinthewidelyusedsuperoxidedismutase1(SOD1)mousemodelofALS.Last,wepresentfuturehypothesestoidentifypotentialcausativefactorsthatleadtoimmunedysregulationinALS.Thelessonsfromprecedingworkinthisareaoffernewexcitingdirectionstobridgethegapinourcurrentunderstandingofimmune-mediatedneuroprotectioninALS.

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简介：一个单身者(对方的独立人士)有对正弦电场的波动的潜在的障碍和题目的蛋白质马达系统被调查。我们首先与波动的潜在的障碍导出这个系统的近似Langevin方程。然后从这个近似Langevin方程，我们在断热的限制计算signal-to-noise比率(SNR)。随机的回声的现象被作出对有利的裁决有波动的潜力的这个蛋白质马达系统障碍。

简介：Themarinemedium-speeddieselenginesarestartedbytwomethods;oneistheelectricmotors,andtheotherairstartingmotors.Eventhoughairstartingmotorisdependentoftheenginetypesandsizes,ithasbeenwidelyusedinthisareaduetoitssimplicity,convenienceandreliability.Thepurposeofthispaperistogivethedesigningparametersinordertomakeaproper'AirStartingMotor'usingCFD.Theaerodynamicapproachesweregiventounderstandtheinternalflowcharacteristicsoftheairstartingmotor.Inaddition,wehavecarriedouttheinvestigationofeffectsoftipclearance.Inthecalculationsthetipclearanceofairstartingmotorhasbeenvariedbetween0,2.8,4.3and5.7%ofbladespan.Theresultsofcomputationarethetipclearanceincreasedto2.8%,thetorquedecreased24%,andtherewasnomorelargechangeswhentheclearancesincreasedto4.3%and5.7%.

简介：OBJECTIVE:Toinvestigatethefactorsassociatedwithsensoryandmotorrecoveryaftertherepairofupperlimbperipheralnerveinjuries.DATASOURCES:TheonlinePubMeddatabasewassearchedforEnglisharticlesdescribingoutcomesaftertherepairofmedian,ulnar,radial,anddigitalnerveinjuriesinhumanswithapublicationdatebetween1January1990and16February2011.STUDYSELECTION:Thefollowingtypesofarticlewereselected:(1)clinicaltrialsdescribingtherepairofmedian,ulnar,radial,anddigitalnerveinjuriespublishedinEnglish;and(2)studiesthatreportedsufficientpatientinformation,includingage,mechanismofinjury,nerveinjured,injurylocation,defectlength,repairtime,repairmethod,andrepairmaterials.SPSS13.0softwarewasusedtoperformunivariateandmultivariatelogisticregressionanalysesandtoinvestigatethepatientandinterventionfactorsassociatedwithoutcomes.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:SensoryfunctionwasassessedusingtheMackinnon-Dellonscaleandmotorfunctionwasassessedusingthemanualmuscletest.SatisfactorymotorrecoverywasdefinedasgradeM4orM5,andsatisfactorysensoryrecoverywasdefinedasgradeS3+orS4.RESULTS:Seventy-onearticleswereincludedinthisstudy.Univariateandmultivariatelogisticregressionanalysesshowedthatrepairtime,repairmaterials,andnerveinjuredwereindependentpredictorsofoutcomeaftertherepairofnerveinjuries(P<0.05),andthatthenerveinjuredwasthemainfactoraffectingtherateofgoodtoexcellentrecovery.CONCLUSION:Predictorsofoutcomeaftertherepairofperipheralnerveinjuriesincludeage,gender,repairtime,repairmaterials,nerveinjured,defectlength,anddurationoffollow-up.

简介：Objective:Toobservetheeffectofacupunctureoncerebralglucosemetabolisminstrokepatients.Methods:Changesofcerebralglucosemetabolismbeforeandafteracupuncturestimulationwereobservedinsixcasesofstrokepatientsbyusingpositronemissiontomography(PET)scanner.Electroacupuncture(EA,4Hz,continuouswavesanddurationof20min)wasappliedtoBaihui(百会GV20)andrightQubin(曲鬓GB7).18Fluorinedeoxyglucose(18FDG),adeveloper(radioactiveformofglucose)forshowingthelevelsofthebrainfunctionalactivitywasgiventothepatientsintravenously.SPMsoftwarewasusedtodealwiththedataofeachpixelpointbyunilateralt-test(Ts:P=0.05),then,theregionsshowingincrease/decreaseoftheglucosemetabolismwereobtained.Results:Afteracupuncturestimulation,significantincreaseofglucosemetabolismwasfoundtobeinthefirstsomaticmotorcorticalregion(MI),supplementarymotorarea(SMA),premotorarea(PMC),andthesuperiorparietallobule(LPs)onthehealthysideofthebrain;whilethedecreaseofglucosemetabolismfoundinMI,PMCandLPsonthefocusside.Inadditiontothecerebralregionsrelatedtothemotorfunction,changesofglucosemetabolismwerealsofoundintheparietallobuleandbasalganglionarea,centralparietalgyrus,superiorparietalgyrus,putamen,cerebellum,etc..Conclusion:AcupunctureofQubin(GB7)andBaihui(GV20)canactivatemotor-relatedcerebralstructuresinthebilateralcerebralhemisphereandinduceexcitementreactionofthepotentiallycorrelativemotorareasoastocompensateorassisttheinjuredmotorareatoplayaroleinimprovingmotorfunctioninstrokepatients.

简介：OnMarch13th,ReutersreportedthatthelongrunversionofTeslaModel3willusepermanentmagnetmotors.Oneofthematerialsforthistypeofmotorisrareearthmetalneodymium,whichwillfurtherincreasethesupplypressureofneodymium.Governmentsaroundtheworldarecommittedtoreducingtheharmfulemissionsproducedbyfossilfuelcars,pushingupdemandforelectricvehiclesand