简介：Recentstudieshaveshownthattheglycation-associateddamageisnotlimitedtopatientswithdiabetes.Becauseoftheirassociationwithoxidativestress,advancedglycationend-products(AGEs)havealsobeenimplicatedinmanyneurodegenerativediseases,suchasHuntingtondisease,amyotrophiclateralsclerosis,andAlzheimerdisease(Yanetal.,

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简介：AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic relapsing disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Characterized pathologically by intestinal inflammation and epithelial injury, great challenges exist for the treatment of IBD due to its complicated etiology and incurable nature. Traditional strategies rely on frequent and long-term administration of high dosages of anti-inflammatory drugs, which inevitably cause side effects. Therefore, novel therapeutic methods and drug delivery systems capable of improving therapeutic effect while simultaneously decreasing side effects need to be developed. The emergence of nanotechnology provides alternative approaches for diagnosis and treatment of IBD, as nanoparticles (NPs) have unique physicochemical properties such as targeting to the site of inflammation and the ability to alter the pharmacokinetics of traditional drugs. This review first introduces the pathophysiological features and microenvironment of IBD, and then summarizes different strategies and mechanisms of NP-based colon-targeted drug delivery systems, including size-dependent, multi-stimuli responsive, active targeting, intestinal microbiota-related, and novel natural-derived NP-mediated drug delivery systems. We also discuss applications of nanozymes and NP-based imaging in diagnostics and treatment of IBD. Finally, challenges and prospects in the field are proposed to promote the development of targeted drug delivery for IBD treatment.

简介：A29-year-oldmanwasadmittedforerythema,papulesanderosions.Erosionsandpurulentsecretionswereseeninthecircumferenceofthemouth,eyes,oralmucosa,tongue,andpreputium.Conjunctivaswereswollenandtheurethralorificewasred,bothwereaccompaniedbypurulentsecretions.Multiplevesicleswereshowninthepenis.Thepatientwasdiagnosedwith:①Stevens-Johnsonsyndrome;②gonococcalophthalmoblennorrhea;③nongonococcalurethritis,gonococcalurethritis;④genitalherpes;⑤mediastinaltumor.

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简介：AbstractThe World Health Organization’s first roadmap and the London Declaration on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have allowed an unprecedented expansion of interventions to control and eliminate this group of infectious diseases that primarily affects vulnerable or marginalised communities. The 2021-2030 NTD roadmap sustains a further acceleration of interventions but also introduces a broader and more ambitious agenda, calling to be accompanied by a new political declaration. Sponsored by the Government of Rwanda, the Kigali Declaration on neglected tropical diseases will be launched in 2022 to renew and reinvigorate commitments to end NTDs, also in the wake of the current setback caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Starting on World NTD Day 2022, a global campaign "100% Committed" will call on a broad range of stakeholders to sign the declaration and make bold financial and political commitments towards achieving the 2030 roadmap and Sustainable Development Goals' targets for NTDs.

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简介：类脂化合物椽子的第一外观，或类脂化合物像木排的结构，被cryo电子的显微镜学偶尔作为洞在1980年代观察，例如caveolae。然而，充分类脂化合物木排理解被T房间激活，病毒entry/budding，和另外的膜事件的研究归因。在T房间和抗原介绍房间的相互作用期间，在胆固醇和sphingolipids被充实的地方，高度组织的结构在二个房间的接口被形成，并且形成液体断断续续地便于发信号的蛋白质的订的阶段。类脂化合物椽子也涉及病毒入口和汇编。在这评论，我们将讨论cholesterol-sphingolipid漂浮microdomain，是的类脂化合物木排血浆膜的唯一的分隔空间与保证蛋白质和类脂化合物的正确细胞内部的交通的生物功能，例如由在这些microdomains集中某些蛋白质的蛋白质蛋白质相互作用，当排除其它时。我们也讨论类脂化合物椽子的混乱与不同疾病有关，老化，和我们特别为抗病毒和反发炎作为药品的目标利用类脂化合物椽子，特别地由类脂化合物椽子的抑制或混乱为爱滋病预防和保护控制HIV感染的一条新途径。

简介：AbstractBackground:Non-communicable chronic diseases have become the leading causes of disease burden worldwide. The trends and burden of "metabolic associated fatty liver disease" (MAFLD) are unknown. We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular and renal burdens in adults with MAFLD and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods:Nationally representative data were analyzed including data from 19,617 non-pregnant adults aged ≥20 years from the cross-sectional US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey periods, 1999 to 2002, 2003 to 2006, 2007 to 2010, and 2011 to 2016. MAFLD was defined by the presence of hepatic steatosis plus general overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or evidence of metabolic dysregulation.Results:The prevalence of MAFLD increased from 28.4% (95% confidence interval 26.3-30.6) in 1999 to 2002 to 35.8% (33.8-37.9) in 2011 to 2016. In 2011 to 2016, among adults with MAFLD, 49.0% (45.8-52.2) had hypertension, 57.8% (55.2-60.4) had dyslipidemia, 26.4% (23.9-28.9) had diabetes mellitus, 88.7% (87.0-80.1) had central obesity, and 18.5% (16.3-20.8) were current smokers. The 10-year cardiovascular risk ranged from 10.5% to 13.1%; 19.7% (17.6-21.9) had chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Through the four periods, adults with MAFLD showed an increase in obesity; increase in treatment to lower blood pressure (BP), lipids, and hemoglobin A1c; and increase in goal achievements for BP and lipids but not in goal achievement for glycemic control in diabetes mellitus. Patients showed a decreasing 10-year cardiovascular risk over time but no change in the prevalence of CKDs, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Generally, although participants with NAFLD and those with MAFLD had a comparable prevalence of cardiovascular disease and CKD, the prevalence of MAFLD was significantly higher than that of NAFLD.Conclusions:From 1999 to 2016, cardiovascular and renal risks and diseases have become highly prevalent in adults with MAFLD. The absolute cardiorenal burden may be greater for MAFLD than for NAFLD. These data call for early identification and risk stratification of MAFLD and close collaboration between endocrinologists and hepatologists.

简介：backgroundStudieshavebeeninconsistentregardingwhetherhyperuricemia,eitherdiuretic-ornondiuretic-induced,isanindependentriskfactorforcardiovascularevents.Thestudyinvestigatedtheassociationofcardiovasculardiseasewithdiuretic-andnondiuretic-inducedelevatedserumuricacid.MethodsAcommunity-basedcross-sectionstudywasconductedin5,235treatedanduntreatedhypertensivepatientsaged40-75years.Conventionalriskfactors,serumuricacidandthepresenceofcardiovasculardiseaseweredetermined.Hyperuricemiawasdefinedasserumuricacidlevels≥420μmol/Linmenor≥360μmol/Linwomen.ResultsHyperuricemiawasmorecommoninmenthaninwomen(21.5%vs.10.2%,P<0.001).Afteradjustmentforageandotherconventionalriskfactors,hyperuricemiawasassociatedwithmetabolicsyndrome,decreasedcreatinineclearance,anduseofdiureticsinbothgenders,aswellasageinwomenandalcoholconsumptioninmen.Thepresenceofcoronaryarterydiseaseorstrokeincreasedsignificantlywiththeincreaseofquartilesofserumuricacid(8.0%,11.0%,13.4%,and16.8%,respectively,P<0.01),andthehighestserumuricacidquartilewasassociatedwitha1.8-foldriskforcardiovasculardisease(OR:1.83,95%CI:1.24-2.71)inuntreatedwomen.Butthisassociationwasnotobservedinuntreatedmenaswellasintreatedpatientsusingdiureticsinbothgenders.ConclusionsHyperuricemiaismarkedlyassociatedwithmetabolicsyndrome,decreasedcreatinineclearance,useofdiureticsbesidesalcoholconsumptioninmenandageinwomen.Elevatedserumuricacid,butnotthatdiuretic-induced,maybeassociatedwithincreasedtheriskofcardiovasculardiseaseinuntreatedhypertensivewomen.

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简介：[摘要 ] 目的：探讨心血管护理中的危险因素和应对方法。方法：在我院收治的心血管疾病患者中选取 90例，起止时间是 2017年 3月～ 2019年 12月。按照入院编号分成 2个小组：对照组 45例，给予常规护理；试验组 45例，分析护理危险因素并针对性护理干预。比较 2组的护理指标数据。结果：相比于对照组，试验组护理风险事件发生率更低（ 2.2%vs15.6%），患者的护理总满意率更高（ 95.6%vs80.0%），差异显著（ P＜ 0.05）。结论：心血管护理中，明确危险因素并制定应对方法，能减少护理不良事件，提高患者的满意度。

简介：Intherecentpast,bonemarrow(BM)-derivedcellshavebeenusedtoregeneratedamagedcardiovasculartissuespostmyocardialinfarction(MI).Recentclinicaltrialshaveshowncontroversialresultsinrecoveringdamagedcardiactissue.Newprogresshasshownthattheunderlyingmechanismsofcell-basedtherapyreliesmoreheavilyonhumoralandparacrineeffectsratherthanonnewtissuegeneration.However,studieshavealsoreportedthepotentialofnewendothelialcellgenerationfromBMcells.Thus,effortshavebeenmadetoidentifycellshavinghigherhumoralortherapeuticeffectsaswellastheirsurfacemarkers.Specifically,BM-derivedCD31~+cellswereisolatedbyasurfacemarkeranddemonstratedhighangio-vasculogeniceffects.IwillpresentrecentadvancesinthetherapeuticuseofBM-derivedcellsandtheusefulnessofCD31~+cellsasanextgenerationcelltherapy.

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简介：AbstractBackground:The screening of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in patients with inflammatory diseases before revision arthroplasty remains uncertain. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), plasma fibrinogen (FIB), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can help screening PJI, but their values in patients with inflammatory diseases have not been determined.Methods:Patients with inflammatory diseases who underwent revision hip or knee arthroplasty at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from January 2008 to September 2020 were divided into infected and non-infected groups based on the 2013 International Consensus Meeting criteria. Sensitivity and specificity of the tested biomarkers for diagnosing infection were determined based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and optimal cutoffs were determined based on the Youden index. The diagnostic ability of these biomarkers was re-assessed after combining them with each other.Results:A total of 62 patients with inflammatory diseases were studied; of them 30 were infected. The area under the ROC curve was 0.813 for CRP, 0.638 for ESR, 0.795 for FIB, and 0.656 for NLR. The optimal predictive cutoff of CRP was 14.04 mg/L with a sensitivity of 86.2% and a specificity of 68.7%, while FIB had a sensitivity of 72.4% and a specificity of 81.2% with the optimal predictive cutoff of 4.04 g/L. The combinations of CRP with FIB produced a sensitivity of 86.2% and specificity of 78.1%.Conclusion:CRP with a slightly higher predictive cutoff and FIB are useful for screening PJI in patients with inflammatory diseases, and the combination of CRP and FIB may further improve the diagnostic values.Trial Registration:ChiCTR.org.cn, ChiCTR2000039989

简介：AbstractBackground:The damage inflicted by the coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic upon humanity is and will continue to be considerable. Unprecedented progress made in global health over the past 20 years has reverted and economic growth has already evaporated, giving rise to a global recession, the likes of which we may not have experienced since the Second World War. Our aim is to draw the attention of the neglected tropical disease (NTD) community towards some of the major emerging economic opportunities which are quickly appearing on the horizon as a result of COVID-19.Main text:This scoping review relied on a literature search comprised of a sample of articles, statements, and press releases on initiatives aimed at mitigating the impact of COVID-19, while supporting economic recovery. Of note, the donor scenario and economic development agendas are highly dynamic and expected to change rapidly as the COVID-19 pandemic unfolds, as are donor and lender priorities.Conclusions:The NTD community, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), will need to work quickly, diligently, and in close collaboration with decision-makers and key stakeholders, across sectors at national and international level to secure its position. Doing so might enhance the odds of grasping potential opportunities to access some of the massive resources that are now available in the form of contributions from corporate foundations, trust funds, loans, debt relieve schemes, and other financial mechanisms, as part of the ongoing and future economic development agendas and public health priorities driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper should serve as a starting point for the NTD community to seek much needed financial support in order to sustain and revitalize control and elimination efforts pertaining to NTDs in LMICs.

简介：AbstractBackground:Fever is the most common chief complaint of emergency patients. Early identification of patients at an increasing risk of death may avert adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to establish an early prediction model of fatal adverse prognosis of fever patients by extracting key indicators using big data technology.Methods:A retrospective study of patients’ data was conducted using the Emergency Rescue Database of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital. Patients were divided into the fatal adverse prognosis group and the good prognosis group. The commonly used clinical indicators were compared. Recursive feature elimination method was used to determine the optimal number of the included variables. In the training model, logistic regression, random forest, adaboost, and bagging were selected. We also collected the emergency room data from December 2018 to December 2019 with the same inclusion and exclusion criterion. The performance of the model was evaluated by accuracy, F1-score, precision, sensitivity, and the areas under receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC-AUC).Results:The accuracy of logistic regression, decision tree, adaboost and bagging was 0.951, 0.928, 0.924, and 0.924, F1-scores were 0.938, 0.933, 0.930, and 0.930, the precision was 0.943, 0.938, 0.937, and 0.937, ROC-AUC were 0.808, 0.738, 0.736, and 0.885, respectively. ROC-AUC of ten-fold cross-validation in logistic and bagging models were 0.80 and 0.87, respectively. The top six coefficients and odds ratio (OR) values of the variables in the logistic regression were cardiac troponin T (CTnT) (coefficient = 0.346, OR = 1.413), temperature (T) (coefficient = 0.235, OR = 1.265), respiratory rate (RR) (coefficient= –0.206, OR = 0.814), serum kalium (K) (coefficient = 0.137, OR = 1.146), pulse oxygen saturation (SPO2) (coefficient = –0.101, OR = 0.904), and albumin (ALB) (coefficient = –0.043, OR = 0.958). The weights of the top six variables in the bagging model were: CTnT, RR, lactate dehydrogenase, serum amylase, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure.Conclusions:The main clinical indicators of concern included CTnT, RR, SPO2, T, ALB, and K. The bagging model and logistic regression model had better diagnostic performance comprehesively. Those may be conducive to the early identification of critical patients with fever by physicians.

简介：PurdueUniversityresearchershavefoundamethodofidentifyingbiologicalmarkersinsmallamountsofbloodthattheybelievecouldbeusedtodetectamyriadofdiseases,infectionsanddifferentmedicalconditionsatearlystages.Apiezoelectricallyactuatedpipettesystemisusedasaninexpensivemeanstodetectbiologicalmoleculesassociatedwithspecificdiseases,infectionorother

简介：AbstractThe chemokine-like factor (CKLF)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family (CMTM) is widely expressed in the immune system. Abnormal expression of CMTM is associated with the development of various diseases. This article summarizes the relevant research on the role of the CMTM family in immune disorders. This information will increase our understanding of pathogenesis and identify promising targets for the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases. The CMTM family is highly expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CKLF1 may be involved in the development of arthritis through its interaction with C-C chemokine receptor 4. CKLF1 is associated with the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis and psoriasis. Both CMTM4 and CMTM5 are associated with the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. CMTM1, CMTM2, CMTM3, and CMTM6 play a role in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, Sjögren syndrome, and anti-phospholipid syndrome, respectively. The CMTM family has been implicated in various autoimmune diseases. Further research on the mechanism of the action of CMTM family members may lead to the development of new treatment strategies for autoimmune diseases.