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简介：Incipientplasmonicbubbleformationisobservedaroundgoldnanopillarswithdifferentinter-nanopillarseparations.Theexperimentalmeasurementsandtheoreticalanalysisshowthatthenanobubbleformationisduetotheenhancedplasmonicresonanceratherthanfromthelaserheating.Inter-nanopillardistributionmayleadtothresholdfluencevariations.Thelifetimeofplasmonicbubblescanreachseveralminutes.Furthermore,boththeradiusandthegrowthrateoftheplasmonicnanobubbleincreaseastheinter-nanopillardistributiondecreases.Smaller-spacingdistributedarraysproducedlargerbubbles.Themaximumgrowthrateofthebubblescanbereachedatabout883.5×10-6m∕son1μmnanopillars,butitisonly56.9×10-6m∕son4μmnanopillars.

简介：Thedecentralizationoftheenergysector'sinfrastructureiscommonlyunderstoodasanimportantsteptowardsanefficientandsustainableenergysystem.However,technicalmeasuresonlyhavealimitedimpactonthesystemsgoals.Thedecentralizationofdecision-making,theempowermentofhouseholdsandtheoccurrenceofprosumercommunitiesrequiremorehuman-centricapproachestomeetfuturechallenges;theapplicationofthesubsidiarityprincipleanddecentralizationseemsinevitablebutalsounclearinitsimplementationinanenergysystem,thecooperationbehaviorofcommunitymembersgainsinimportanceandthedesignofprosumercommunitiesmustovercomeeconomicproblems.Thisarticleemphasizesthehuman-centeredchallengeswhichgoalongwithprosumercommunities.Weapplyeconomicprinciplestorevealmajorproblemswhichgowiththeshiftsinenergy-relateddecision-makingtowardsprosumersandintegratebehavioralscienceforprosumercommunitydesign.Wehighlighttheimportanceofenergyasaninterpersonalconstruct;aviewonenergywhichwillgaininimportancewithinaprosumercommunitiesshapednetwork.IndexTermsCooperationBehavior,CrowdEnergy,EnergyEconomics,EnergyProsumer,ProsumerCommunityDesign.

简介：AcomputerscientistatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishasdevelopedawaytocoaxcellstodonaturalthingsunderunnaturalcircumstances,whichcouldbeusefulforstemcellresearch,genetherapyandbiofuelproduction.MichaelBrent,theHenryEdwinSeverProfessorofEngineeringintheSchoolofEngineering&

简介：Basedonfluidequations,weshowatime-dependentself-consistentnonlinearmodelforvoidformationinmagnetizeddustyplasmas.Thecylindricalconfigurationisappliedtobetterillustratetheeffectsofthestaticmagneticfield,consideringtheazimuthalmotionofthedusts.Thenonlinearevolutionofthedustvoidandtherotationofthedustparticlesaretheninvestigatednumerically.Theresultsshowthat,similartotheunmagnetizedone-dimensionalmodel,theradialiondragplaysacrucialroleintheevolutionofthevoid.Moreover,thedustrotationisdrivenbytheazimuthaliondragforceexertingonthedust.Astheazimuthalcomponentofionvelocityincreaseslinearlywiththestrengthofthemagneticfield,theazimuthalcomponentofdustvelocityincreasessynchronously.Moreover,theangularvelocitygradientsofthedustrotationshowasheareddustflowaroundthevoid.

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简介：Withthefrequentoccurrenceofagriculturalproductsafetyincidentsinrecentyears,theagriculturalproducts’qualitysafetyhasbecomemoreandmoreconcernedbythepeople.Therelevantsubjectsarethedirectrelationshipwiththequalitysafetyofagriculturalproducts,andplayakeyroleinensuringthequalitysafetyofagriculturalproducts.Thispaperanalyzesthebehaviorperformanceofproductionsubject,circulationsubject,consumptionsubject,supervisionsubjectonagriculturalproducts’qualitysafety,andputsforwardthefollowingcountermeasurestoimprovethequalitysafetyofagriculturalproductsaccordingtotheirbehaviorperformance:toregulatetheproductionofagriculturalproducts,tostrengthenthemanagementandcontrolagriculturalinputs,toimprovethesafetysupervisionsystemofagriculturalproducts,toacceleratethedevelopmentofnewcirculationsubject,toactivelycultivateanddevelopnewtypesagriculturalbusiness,toacceleratetheprocessofagriculturalscalemanagement,toestablishthemultiplesupervisionsubject,andtomakeuptheregulatoryloopholes.

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简介：Inthispaper,wearedevotedtotheasymptoticbehaviorforanonlinearparabolictypeequationofhigherorderwithadditivewhitenoise.WefocusontheGinzburg-Landaupopulationequationperturbedwithadditivenoise.Firstly,weshowthatthestochasticGinzburg-Landauequationwithadditivenoisecanberecastasarandomdynamicalsystem.Andthen,itisprovedthatundersomegrowthconditionsonthenonlinearterm,thisstochasticequationhasacompactrandomattractor,whichhasafiniteHausdorffdimension.

简介：当考虑热传导时，阶段地建模途径被用来学习纯Ni的氧化行为。在这计算，温度T上的Cahn-Hilliard方程Lc的系数的依赖被考虑。到这个目的，为纯Ni当模特儿的高温度的氧化实验和阶段地在600点在气压下面在空中被执行，700，并且\(800\，^{\circ}\hbox{C}\)。氧化率被thermogravimetry测量，在这些温度的Lc经由交互算法是坚定的。与Lc\({构造的-}T\)关系，Ni的氧化行为当考虑热时，传导被调查。氧化度，氧化物电影厚度，和特定的重量获得上的温度边界的影响被讨论。当模特儿的途径在这研究建议了的阶段地将给氧化抵抗分析的一些热点和热保护材料的冷却措施设计。

简介：ThecorrosionbehaviorofaweatheringsteelSPA-Candtwoacidresistancesteels(S-TEN1andND)insulfuricacidsolutionwasinvestigatedbyusingpotentiodynamicpolarizationandweightlossmeasurementtechniques.Bothpotentiodynamicpolarizationandweightlossmeasurementtestsindicatedthatcorrosionresistanceofthesethreealloysteelswasasfollows:ND≈S-TEN1>SPA-C.Surfaceanalysisofthecorrodedsamplesconductedaftertheimmersiontestindicatedthattwolayerswereformedonthesubstrates,withtheouterlayercomprisingFeSO_4·H_2Oandtheinnerlayermainlycomprisingironoxides.TheadditionofCu,Cr,andSbrefinedthecorrosionproductsandimprovedtheadhesionabilitybetweentherustlayerandthesubstrate.

简介：TheannealingbehaviorofAgnanoparticlesinsilicawithandwithoutdefectswasinvestigatedinthisstudy.SilicasampleswithandwithoutArionpre-irradiationwereimplantedwithAgionsandthenannealedattemperaturefrom300to850℃.UV-VISspectroscopyandTEMwereusedtocharacterizetheopticalabsorbancepropertyandsizedistributionofAgnanoparticles,respectively.OpticalabsorbanceresultsshowthattheabsorbanceintensityofSPR(SurfacePlasmonResonance,SPR)peakfromAgnanoparticlesinthesamplewithpre-irradiationisstrongerthaninthesamplewithoutpre-irradiation,whichindicatesthatthedefectsproducedbypre-irradiationpromptthenucleationofAgnanoparticles.Duringannealing,theSPRpeakshiftstoshortwavelengthdirection,asshowninFig.1.

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简介：由控制厘米/苯乙烯和聚合时间的feed比率，一系列hyperbranchedcopolystyrenes(HBCPS)与可比较的平均重量的分子的重量被综合(Mw)但是通过原子转移基的分叉的不同的度(DB)有CuBr/2,2-bipyridyl的自我压缩的乙烯基copolymerization(ATR-SCVCP)作为催化剂。产生HBCPS样品被用来在他们的玻璃转变行为上调查分叉的建筑学的效果。与增加的DB，玻璃转变温度(T直接存储器存取和DSC测量的HBCPS样品的g)两个都减少了。他们的纺纱格子松驰时间(1质子的HT1r)与增加DB显示了一样的落之趋势。而且，在Tgs和DB被所有原子很好建立分子的动力学(MD)模拟。MD坚定的Tgs比相应的试验性的很少高。然而，TgDB上的s在对试验性的结果的好同意，即，Tg与增加DB在实验和模拟两个都减少。

简介：It’sbeenwellrecognizedforthebigroleplayedbyinnovativeruralcooperativefinancialorganizationsintermsofspreadingfarmers’operationrisk,increasingfarmers’income,anddevelopingruraleconomy.However,nosufficientresearchhasbeenconductedregardingthosefactorswhichmayhaveeffectsonthefarmer’swillingnesstoparticipateinthenewruralfinancialorganization.Thispapertriestofilloutthegapofidentifyingvariousfactorswhichmayhavepotentialinfluenceonthefarmer’swillingnesstoparticipateinthenewtypeofruralfinancialcooperatives.Intheprocess,442farmerhouseholdsandsmall-micro-enterprisesaresampledfromthecooperativefinanceexperimentvillagesinPanjinmunicipalityofLiaoningprovince.Thepotentialinfluencingfactorsareclassifiedintofourcategories,includingthefamerhousehold’scharacteristics,financialcooperativereputation,transactioncosts,andservicequality.AdiscreteLogitmodelisusedfortheparameterestimations.Theresultsshowthatmostassumedfactorsdisplaystatisticalsignificanceeffectonthefarmer’swillingnesstotakepartintheruralcooperativefinancingorganizationsbutwithdifferentlevelofsensitivity.Thecauseandeffectarefullydiscussedfollowingbyaddressingpolicyissuesrelatedtotheruralfinancingcooperativereforms.

简介：这个工作处理合并magnetorheological弹性体的机械结构的颤动的活跃控制。抑制系数并且砍弹性体增加的模量当暴露了到一个磁场时。与弹性体永久地暴露于一个磁场的颤动控制相比，整个时间的这个过程的控制更有效地减少颤动。为充满弹性体的一根三明治横梁的颤动的试验性的学习被进行，用Abaqus代码由数字研究列在后面。抑制的颤动被发现依赖于在弹性体的微尺寸的铁磁性的粒子的装载的率。

简介：Thelong-termdumpingofcoalwastepileshascausedseriousenvironmentalproblems.Releaseoftraceelements(includingrareearthelements,REEs)fromcoalspoilsgobswasinvestigatedatYangquancoalmine,ShanxiProvince,China.X-raydiffraction(XRD)wasusedtoanalyzethemineralcompositionofthecoalspoils.Themineralsofthecoal-spoilsamplesaremainlykaoliniteandquartz,withaminorproportionofpyrite.Thebatchandcolumntestswereemployedtosimulatetheleachingbehavioroftraceelementsfromcoalspoils.ElementsV,Cr,Zn,As,Pb,andCdarehighlyenrichedinallcoalspoils.ThecoalspoilsalsohaveelevatedlevelsofGa,Ge,Se,Sn,Hf,andTh.Theleachateofcoalspoils,friedcoalspoilsandCSFGM(coalspoilsfiregasmineral)samplesareacidic,withthepHvaluesrangingbetween3.0and6.6.Thereleasedelementswithhighconcentrations(over100μg/L)includeFe,Mn,Co,NiandZn,whilemoderately-releasedelementsareCu,Se,MoandAs.Ahighcontentofheavymetalsinbatch-testleachatewithCSFGMindicatesanincreasedmobilityofheavymetalsincoalspoilcombustionbyproduct.Withinthefirsthourwashingwiththeelectrolytesolution,arapidriseofcommoncations,traceelements,andREEscontent,aswellasadropofpHvalue,ineffluentwasobserved.Anincreasedleachingvelocityfavorsthereleaseoftraceelementsfromcoalspoils.Inaddition,thepulseinputofprecipitationledtomoreelementstobereleasedthancontinuousleaching.

简介：在这份报纸，在证明二存在的作者目的形式$$\left的部分微分边界价值问题结果({{P_{一，b}}}\right)\left\{{_{u\left(0\right)=u\left(1\right)=0，{D^{\alpha-3}}u\left(0\right)=一，u'\left(1\right)=-b}^{{D^\alpha}u\left(x\right)+f\left({x，u\left(x\right)}\right)=0，x\in\left({0,1}\right)}}\right.$$3<4，D是标准Riemann-Liouville部分衍生物并且一，b是nonnegative常数。首先，作者建议那f(x，t)=p(x)t,与(1，1)并且是的pnonnegative可能在x=单个的连续功能0或x=1并且满足与Karamata常规变化理论有关的一些条件。一些潜在的功能和Sch上的联合锋利的估计?uder修理了点定理，作者证明问题的一个唯一的积极连续答案的存在(P0,0)。如此的一个答案上的全球估计也被获得。为了说第二存在，结果，作者假定那一，b是nonnegative常数以便+b>0并且f(x，t)=t(x，t)，与(x，t)nonnegative是连续的工作在(0，吗1)牵慦散猠摥浩湥獴映潲?慈桩?楒敶?慂楳?敷敲椠癮獥楴慧整??洠瑥潨?慢敳?湯攠晦'太B爠湡敧?剅?慷?獵摥琠?獡敳獳攠潣祳瑳浥爠獩?景倠??琨敨琠瑯污漠??倠??敳獮瑩癩汥?湡?捡畣慲顰?顰？？

简介：题目：膜生物反应器处理港口含油废水的膜污染行为及群落结构演变研究目的：采用膜生物反应器处理港口含油废水。考察运行过程中膜污染行为特征，分析引起膜污染的关键影响因素，研究减弱膜污染的途径与方法；考察反应器内群落结构演变，分离鉴定优势菌种，揭示运行条件和进水水质等宏观环境与微生物微环境之间的对应关系。创新点：1．分析出膜表面累积的胞外蛋白是膜污染严重和过膜压力增大的关键诱因；2．基于YusufChisti和MurrayMooYoung提出的气提液体上升流速模型，结合胞外蛋白变化趋势，提出降低过膜压力上升速度和缓解膜污染进程的有效措施：3．针对处理港口含油废水的生物系统进行种群结构研究及优势菌属的分离与鉴定。方法：1．借助环境扫描电子显微镜（sEM）、能量色散x射线光谱仪（EDX）和傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）等分析手段表征膜污染物的主要成分；2，基于YusufChisti和MurrayMooYoung提出的气提液体上升流速模型，提出缓解膜污染进程的措施，并验证所提措施的有效性（图3和9）；3．通过巢式PCR-DGGE技术对处理港口含油废水的膜生物反应器不同运行阶段的微生物群落结构进行研究，并采用克隆技术对优势微生物进行菌种鉴定（图10和表3）。结论：1．采用一体化厌氧／好氧．膜生物反应器来处理港口含油废水的优点是对有机污染物和油类等污染物的去除效率高，但在其运行过程中膜污染严重。2．分析发现胞外聚合物是引起膜污染物的主要因素（图3-6）；组分分析进一步表明膜表面累积的胞外蛋白是膜污染严重和过膜压力增大的关键诱因（图7～9）。3．通过增大反应器曝气量，调整反应器结构参数可有效降低过膜压力上升速度，缓解膜污染进程。4．反应器内细菌群落结构平稳。5．克隆测序结果表明：膜�

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