简介：Thisstudyconcernsatwo-dimensionalmodelandthecorrespondingvirtualcrackclosuretechnique(VCCT)implementedtosolvethegeneralboundaryvalueproblemsthatmayexplainwhyinterfacediscontinuityhaseffectsonthefracturebehaviorinthesuperconductor-substratesystem.Theinterfacialdiscontinuitycanbeclassifiedaccordingtothematerialproperties'continuityandtheirderivatives'continuityattheinterface.Fornonhomogeneoussuperconductorandsubstratespecimenswithvariousmaterialproperties,aVCCTmethodisdevelopedtocalculatetheirfracturebehavior.Furthermore,theeffectsofappliedmagneticfieldamplitudeandnonhomogeneousparametersareextensivelyandparametricallystudiedintwoactivationprocesses(zero-fieldcoolingandfieldcooling).Theintegrativeandcomputationalstudypresentedhereprovideafundamentalmechanisticunderstandingofthefracturemechanisminthesuperconductor-substratesystemandshedslightontherationaldesignofinterfacialcontinuity.

简介：Foranygivenpositiveintegerm,letXi,1≤i≤mbemindependentrandomvariableswithdistributionsFi,1≤i≤m.Whenallthesummandsarenonnegativeandatleastoneofthemisheavy-tailed,weprovethatthelowerlimitoftheratioP(∑i=1^mXi>x)/∑i=1^mFi(x)equals1asx→∞.Whenthesummandsarereal-valued,wealsoobtainsomeasymptoticresultsforthetailprobabilityofthesums.Besides,alocalversionaswellasadensityversionoftheaboveresultsisalsopresented.

简介：Inhighseismiczoneregions,slenderreinforcedconcretestructuralwallsarecommonlyusedinhigh-risebuildingsasamainlateralloadresistingelement.Thesewallsareveryeffectiveinlimitingthelateraldriftofthebuildingduetotheirlargein-planestiffness.However,thepresenceoffloorslabsinfluencesthebehavioroftheshearwall.Also,thecurrentdesignrequirementsdonotaccountforthepresenceoffloorslabs.Tounderstandthebehaviorofwall-slabjunctionsandaddresstheshortcomingsofthecurrentdesignrequirements,theinfluenceoftwoparameters,namely(a)aspectratioand(b)longitudinalreinforcementratioonthebehaviorisstudiednumerically.Itisobservedthatthepresenceoffloorslabsatdifferentlevelstendstopartitionthewallintosquatwallpanelsbetweentwoconsecutivefloors.Thewall-slabjunctionsshowlargestressconcentrationsarisingfromthestrutactioninthesquatpanels.Itisalsoobservedthatthefloorslabscangetsignificantlydamagednearthewall-slabjunctionforlowerverticalreinforcementratiosinthewall.Thus,thecurrentcodeprescribedminimumreinforcementinshearwallsisnotsufficientandneedstoberevisitedatforimprovedperformance.

简介：The2018PaluMW7.5earthquakeandtsunamiattractedgeophysicists'attentionforitsstrikeslipfocalmechanismandmagnitude.Weinspectedthedetailsofthisdisasteranddiscusseditsparticularityandpossiblecausations.Thesubmarinelandslideandspecialterrainconditionscouldhavecontributedtotheunusualsizeofthetsunami.Theearlywarningsystemandthepostdisasterresponseisalsoreviewed.Efficientsocialwarningsandbroadcastsystemsalongwithgoodmaintenanceisessential.Wealsofoundthatenhancingpublicsscientificliteracyisthemostimportantwaytoreducedisasterdamageandcasualties.Moreover,socialconditionsandrebuildingdifficultiesposttsunamiarerelatedasreferenceresourcesforfuturedisastermanagementstrategies.

简介：Monoclinicparacetamol(PA)isnotoriousasapoorlycompactiblemodeldrug.Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)isapolymerthatcanactasaneffectivebindertoimprovethemechanicalpropertiesofPA.ItissurprisinghoweverthattheroleofmixingconditionsonthephysicochemicalandmechanicalpropertiesofPA-PVPmixtureshasnotbeenreportedpreviously.TheresultsofthisworkshowedthatPA-PVPmixturescontaining5%(w/w)PVPpreparedusinghighenergymixingconditionshadconsiderablysmallerparticlesizedistributionsandhighercohesivitiesthanmixturespreparedusinglowenergymixingconditions.Solid-stateanalysisdidnotdetectanychangeinthemonocliniccrystallineformofPAaftermixingwithPVP.ThefollowingrankorderoftabletabilityforPA-PVPmixtureswasobtainedaccordingtothemixingcondition:lowshear-mediumshear

简介：Particlemotioninascrewconveyorwassimulatedw让hthediscreteelementmethod.Theparticleflowbehaviorandtransportprocessesatdifferentscrewrotatingspeedsandfillinglevelswereinvestigatedinthisstudy.Thespatialdistributionsofparticlevelocitywerepredicted.Thepredictedmassflowrateincreasedw让hincreasingscrewrotatingspeedandfillinglevel.Thecontactforcesandgranulartemperaturesofparticleswerealsocalculated.Thesimulationresultsshowedthatthetranslationalgranularparticletemperatureswerehigherthantherotationalgranularparticletemperatures.Inadd让ion,theconfigurationaltemperaturesofparticleswerecalculatedfromsimulatedinstantaneousparticleoverlaps,andresultsindicatedthatdeformationofelasticparticlescontributedtotherateofenergydissipation.Goodagreementbetweenthenumericalsimulationandexperimentalresultswasachievedinthisstudy.

简介：Understandingofcharge/energyexchangeprocessesandinterfacialinteractionsthatoccurbetweenquantumdots(QDs)andthemetaloxidesisofcriticalimportancetotheseQD-basedoptoelectronicdevices.Thisworkreportsonlineardipolebehaviorofsinglenear-infraredemittingCdSeTe/ZnScore/shellQDswhichareencasedinindiumtinoxide(ITO)semiconductorlianoparticlesfilms.Astrongpolarizationanisotropyinphotohiminescenceemissionisobservedbydefocusedwide-fieldimagingandpolarizationmeasuremen11echniques,andtheaveragepolarizationdegreeisupto0.45.Apossiblemechanismfortheobservationispresentedinwhichtheelectrons,locatingatsingleQDsurfacefromITObyelectrontransferduetotheequilibrationoftheFermilevels,resultinasignificantStarkdistortionoftheQDelectron/holewavefunctions.TheStarkdistortionresultsinthelinearpolarizationpropertyofthesingleQDs.TheinvestigationoflineardipolebehaviorforsingleQDsencasedinITOfilmswouldbehelpfulforfurtherimprovingQD-baseddeviceperformance.

简介：Purpose:Thisstudyaimstocompareadolescents’cardiometabolicriskscorethroughanintegrativeclassificationofphysicalactivity(PA),whichinvolvesthecombinationofmoderate-to-vigorousphysicalactivity(MVPA)andsedentarybehavior(SB).Methods:Across-sectionalstudyderivedfromtheHealthyLifestyleinEuropebyNutritioninAdolescenceCross-SectionalStudydatabase(2006-2008)wasconductedinadolescents(n=548;boys,47.3%;14.7±1.2years)from10Europeancities.MVPAandSBwereobjectivelymeasuredusingaccelerometry.Adolescentsweredividedinto4categoriesaccordingtoMVPA(meetingornotmeetingtheinternationalrecommendations)andthemedianofSBtime(aboveorbelowsex-andage-specificmedian)asfollows:High-SB&Inactive,Low-SB&Inactive,High-SB&Active,andLow-SB&Active.Aclusteredcardiometabolicriskscorewascomputedusingthehomeostaticmodelassessment,systolicbloodpressure,triglycerides,totalcholesterol/high-densitylipoproteincholesterol,sum4skinfolds,andcardiorespiratoryfitness(CRF).AnalysesofcovariancewereperformedtodiscerndifferencesoncardiometabolicriskscoresamongPAcategoriesandeachhealthcomponent.Results:ThecardiometabolicriskscorewaslowerinadolescentsmeetingtheMVPArecommendationandwithlesstimespentinSBincomparisontothehigh-SB&Inactivegroup(p<0.05).However,nodifferenceincardiometabolicriskscorewasestablishedbetweenHigh-SBorLow-SBgroupsininactiveadolescents.ItisimportanttonotethatCRFwastheonlyvariablethatshowedasignificantmodification(higher)whenchildrenwerecomparedfromthecategoryofphysicallyinactivewith"active"butnotfromhigh-tolow-SB.Conclusion:Beingphysicallyactiveisthemostsignificantandprotectiveoutcomeinadolescentstoreducecardiometabolicrisk.LowerSBdoesnotexhibitasignificantandextrabeneficialdifference.

简介：AnoverlaycoatingmaterialwasdepositedonasinglecrystalsuperalloySRR99bylasercladding.Themicrostructureandoxidationbehaviorofthiscoatingwasinvestigatedthroughscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andX-raydiffraction(XRD).Theresultsindicatedthatalthoughthecompositionofthecoatingwaschosenbasedontheγ'compositioninReneN5superalloy,theprimarysolidificationphaseofthiscoatingduringlasercladdingwasγ-Ni.Furthermore,underthelasercladdingcondition,fineparalleldendritesgrewepitaxiallyinthecoatingfromthesubstrate,indicatingthesinglecrystalstructureofthesubstratewasreproduced.WhenthesinglecrystalMCrAlYcoatingwasoxidizedat1000,bothB-AI2O3and(Y-Al2O3formedduringinitialoxidationprocess.Astheoxidationtimeproceeded,thepreseneeof0-Al2O3facilitatedtheformationofNiAl2O4spineloxide.Oncethespinelwasobserved,itflourishedandinducedsomeporosityinthescale.Whenthescalethicknessincreasedto6-7μm,largeareaspallationofthescalebegan.