简介:AIM:TotrainTibetanmonkey(Macacathibetana)forintraocularpressure(IOP)measurementinconsciousstateandobtainnormalIOPinconsciousTibetanMacaque.·METHODS:Thetrainingwasbasedonaward-conditionedbehavior.Foodstimulationandhuman-animalinteractionwereusedinthistraining.·RESULTS:TrainedTibetanmonkeyscalmlyacceptedIOPmeasurementbytheTonoVet?誖reboundtonometerwithoutsedationoranesthesiaandtheirIOPvaluesweresimilartootherprimates.·CONCLUSION:Human-cultivatedThibetanmonkeysaretamable,andcanbeusedforbiomedicalresearchsuchasophthalmicresearchwithoutanesthesia.
简介:背景和目的无法手术切除的结直肠癌肝转移(ColorectalLiverMetastases,CLMs)患者预后差,存活时间极少超过5年。尽管对部分肝脏原发及继发恶性肿瘤患者施行肝脏移植可获得较佳的预后,但目前仍普遍认为,结直肠癌肝转移是肝移植的绝对禁忌证。1995年之前,曾针对结直肠癌肝转移患者进行过数例肝脏移植,但预后不良(5年生存率仅为18%),自此放弃对此类患者进行肝脏移植。然而,目前总体肝移植生存率较当时提高30%左右。基于此,结直肠癌肝转移患者肝移植后的5年生存率有望达到50%。因此,本试验性研究旨在探讨CLM患者在接受肝移植后的潜在长期生存获益。方法自2006年11月到2011年3月,在此项前瞻性、试验性研究中,共对21名无法切除的结直肠癌肝转移患者进行肝移植术。患者入选标准包括一般状况良好(ECOG1分或以下)、结直肠癌伴无法切除的单纯肝转移、原发肿瘤已行根治性切除以及移植前接受过至少6周的化疗。结果入组的患者肝脏肿瘤负荷及原发肠癌T/N分期相异;肝移植术前,76%(16/21)患者存在至少一线化疗进展。Kaplan-Meier推算患者1、3及5年总体生存率分别为95%、68%及60%。与预期相同,移植术后复发转移现象普遍,21例中19例在中位时间6(2~24)个月内发生局部复发或转移。其中,单个肺转移灶7例;其余多部位(包括肺)转移者9例,包括移植肝新发转移7例,骨转移5例,卵巢或肾上腺转移3例,腹膜转移1例,腹主动脉旁淋巴结转移2例。2例发生直肠癌局部复发。然而,绝大多数的转移癌可经手术切除或射频治疗,且经过干预后,中位随访时间27个月(8~60个月),33%(7例)患者无病生存。肝移植术前肝脏肿瘤负荷、初次手术距肝移植的时间(肠癌切除距肝移植超过2年者生存获益更显著)以及化疗后肿瘤进展均为影响预后的显著性因素。结论研究结果表明,对于此类患者人群,肝移植�
简介:·AIM:Toinvestigatethetherapeuticeffectsofnanophtha-locyaninephotosensitizersonanexperimentalratchoroidalneovescularization(CNV)model,aswellastoevaluatethecytotoxicityofwhichonhumanretinalpigmentepithelia(HRPE)andhumanretinalendothelialcells(HRECs).·METHODS:Twotypesofphotosensitizers,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8andG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mrespectively,wereadministratedforphotodynamictherapy(PDT)afterasuccessfulestablishmentofCNVmodelonBrown-Norway(BN)ratsviafundusphotocoagulation.Thetherapeuticeffectsofthetwodrugswereassessedthroughopticalcoherencetomography(OCT),fluoresceinfundusangiography(FFA)andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM).Forcytotoxicitytests,cellcountingkit-8(CCK-8)assaysandchangesofmitochondrialtransmembranepotential(△Ψm)wereconductedonHRPEandHRECsafterinitialuptakeofthetwodrugs.·RESULTS:Bothphotosensitizersdemonstratedanimprove-mentofvascularleakageandclosureofCNV1weekafterPDTasconfirmedbyfundusimage,OCT,FFAandTEM.TwoweeksafterPDT,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mshowedabetterCNVclosureeffectversusG1-ZnPc(COOH)8(P<0.05).Asignificantdifference(P<0.01)wasfoundinuptakeofthetwodrugsinHRPEandHRECs,withnodifferencebetweenthedrugs(P>0.05).BothphotosensitizersshowedcytotoxicityonHRPE,butG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/minducedalowercellviability.·CONCLUSION:G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mmediatedPDTisbetterthanG1-ZnPc(COOH)8inCNVclosureandalsohavetheadvantageoffastmetabolismleadingtolesssideeffect.·
简介:摘要目的评价初始国际标准化比值(INR)预测华法林治疗患者抗凝强度的效能,为临床用药提供帮助。方法回顾性纳入华法林治疗(2.5 mg/d,连续口服7 d)住院患者137例,分别于用药3 d和7 d时监测INR。Pearson相关分析3 d时INR(INR初始)与7 d时INR(INR7 d)的相关性;受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价INR初始预测服华法林7 d时患者不同抗凝强度的能力。结果(1)INR初始和INR7 d分别为(1.66±0.42)和(2.28±0.65),二者呈显著正相关(r=0.785,P<0.001)。(2)服用华法林7 d时未达抗凝强度(INR<1.5)者12例,低抗凝强度(1.5≤INR<2.0)者33例,标准抗凝强度(2.0≤INR≤3.0)者80例,高抗凝强度(INR>3.0)者12例。(3)INR初始预测7 d时患者≥低抗凝强度、≥标准抗凝强度和高抗凝强度的AUC分别为0.789、0.801和0.899,与随机面积0.5比较,P<0.01。(4)当INR初始1.388作为最佳截断值时(Youden指数最大),预测患者≥低抗凝强度的敏感性、特异性和符合率分别为0.744、0.750和74.45%;当INR初始1.595作为截断值时,预测患者≥标准抗凝强度的敏感性、特异性和符合率分别为0.652、0.822和70.80%;当INR初始1.905作为截断值时,预测患者达高抗凝强度的敏感性、特异性和符合率分别为0.857、0.829和83.21%。结论INR初始预测服用华法林患者不同抗凝强度的能力较好,可作为临床用药的重要参考指标,当INR初始<1.388或INR初始>1.905者,应进行剂量调整。
简介:AIM:ToevaluatetheefficacyofSeprafilmtransplantationfollowingadhesiolysisforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionandimprovingsurgicaloutcomes.METHODS:Primaryblepharoplastywascarriedoutonbotheyelidsof18albinorabbits.After2weeks,anewskinincisionwasmade,andadhesiolysiswasperformedonbotheyelids.Therabbitswerecategorizedintotwogroups,onewithadhesiolysisaloneinthelefteyelid(controlgroup),andtheotherwithadhesiolysiswithaSeprafilmgraftintherighteyelid(Seprafilmgroup).Thedegreesofinflammationandfibrosiswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)andMasson’strichromestains.Expressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)wasalsoimmunohistochemicallyexamined.RESULTS:Eyelidexaminationimmediatelyaftertheoperationrevealedmildswellingandhemorrhageinbothgroups,butthesesymptomsresolvedafter1week-2weeks,andeyelidshapehadrecoveredcompletelyinbothgroups.MicroscopicassessmentsdemonstratedthattheSeprafilmgroupshowedlessinflammationandfibrosisthanthecontrolgroup.TheSeprafilmgroupalsoexhibitedfewerα-SMA-positivecellsthanthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,weconcludethatSeprafilmgraftwithadhesiolysisisaneffectivemethodforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionsaftereyelidsurgery.
简介:AIM:ToevaluatetheeffectofCollagencross-linkingonthepreventionofmeltinginrabbitcorneasafteralkaliburn.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitswererandomlydividedintomodelcontrolgroupandcollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup.Thesecondgroupofrabbitsreceivedcollagencrosslinkedtreatment.Bothgroupswereappliedwithantibioticeyedropstopreventinfection.Thecorneaswereevaluatedformelting,opacity,pathologicalandimmunohistochemistry,recordthechangeswhen28daysaftertheanimalswerekilled.·RESULTS:Inthecontrolgroup,6outof8rabbitsshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury(14±4)days,whiletwocornealperforated.Incollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup,onerabbitshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury23days,withoutcornealperforation;cornealdissolutionratebetweenthetwogroupswassignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).Pathologicalexaminationsuggestedthatinthetreatmentgroup,mildcornealedema,milddamagetocollagenfibers,inflammatorycellinfiltrationwassignificantlylessthanthecontrolgroup.Immunohistochemistryshowedthatcornealcollagenfibersarrangedinneatrowsinthecontrolgroup.·CONCLUSION:Collagencross-linkingtreatmentnotonlycanpreventanddelaythecornealmeltingafteralkaliburn,butalsocanreducethedestructionofcornealcollagenfibersandinfiltrationofinflammatorycellsinthecornealtissue.
简介:<正>目的:检验我们对胞质内单精注射的回顾性研究数据并鉴定非阻塞性无精症患者的精索静脉曲张高位结扎术史对于胞质内单精注射是否有利。方法:这个回顾性研究是在巴什肯特大学的产科、妇科、试管婴儿组和泌尿外科实施的。因非阻塞性无精症导致不育而定于实施胞质内单精注射治疗(应用促性腺激素或者促性腺激素释放激素方案控制卵巢排卵)并被选择为研究对象的夫妇被分为两组:第一组(31对)包含了接受了前期精索静脉曲张高位结扎术的患非阻塞性无精症的夫妇;第二组(65对)包含了没有实施前期精索静脉曲张高位结扎术的非阻塞性无精症的夫妇。结果:精索静脉曲张高位结扎术患者组的精子恢复率较高,且两组间精子恢复率有显著差异(精子恢复率分别为60.81%和38.46%,P=0.01)。临床怀孕率和活产率在精索静脉曲张高位结扎术组显著地较高(分别为74.2%vs52.3%和64.5%vs41.5,P<0.05)
简介:·AIM:Toexploretheeffectofimmunizationwithcopolymer-1(COP-1)andretinalstemcells(RSCs)transplantationoninterferon-gamma(IFN-γ)levelsinaratexperimentalglaucomamodel.·METHODS:Anexperimentalglaucomawasinducedbyargonlaserphotocoagulationoftheepiscleralveinsandlimbalplexusintherighteyeofrats.Immediatelyfollowingglaucomainduction,ratswereimmunizedwithCOP-1.RSCswereculturedandtransplantedintravitreallyintotheeyesofglaucomamodelanimals1weekpost-lasertreatment.Sixexperimentalgroupswereused:COP-1/RSC,PBS/RSC,COP-1/PBS,PBS/PBS,glaucomamodelgroup,andanormalcontrolgroup.TheconcentrationofIFN-γinaqueoushumor(AH)andserumwasmeasuredbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)ineachofthesixgroups.Retinalganglioncell(RGC)survivalwasassessedbyquantifyingapoptosisusingHoechststaining.·RESULTS:ConcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumofratsthathadundergoneglaucomainductionwerehigherthanthoseofnon-inducedcontrolrats.TheconcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCstreatedgroupweredeterminedtobe2371.9ng/Land710.9ng/L,respectively,whichweresignificantlylowerthanthoseintheothertreatedgroups(P<0.05).Infact,IFN-γlevelsinthedualtreatedgroupwerereducedtobackgroundlevels.TheCOP-1/RSCgrouphadlowernumberofapoptoticRGCsthantheotherthreeexperimentalgroups(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:ThereducedlevelsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCgroupmayberelatedtosynergisticeffectsbetweenRSCstransplantationandCOP-1immunemodulation.ItislikelythatthelowerlevelsofIFN-γpreventedRGCsglaucomatousapoptosis.·