简介：AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Approximately 10%-50% of patients experience relapse after radical surgery, which may be attributed to the persistence of minimal/molecular residual disease (MRD). Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), a common liquid biopsy approach, has been demonstrated to have significant clinical merit. In this study, we review the evidence supporting the use of ctDNA for MRD detection and discuss the potential clinical applications of postoperative MRD detection, including monitoring recurrence, guiding adjuvant treatment, and driving clinical trials in lung cancer. We will also discuss the problems that prevent the routine application of ctDNA MRD detection. Multi-analyte methods and identification of specific genetic and molecular alterations, especially methylation, are effective detection strategies and show considerable prospects for future development. Interventional prospective studies based on ctDNA detection are needed to determine whether the application of postoperative MRD detection can improve the clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients, and the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and robustness of different detection methods still require optimization and refinement.

简介：不同磁性的处理方向导致的行为在低合金钢焊接剩余压力减小的各种各样的数量被学习。减小26%28%在纵的压力σx当时，被获得低频率轮流出现磁性的处理垂直地被用于焊接祷告，而减小20%21%在σx除了领域方向被使用之外，被使用一样的处理参数测量平行到祷告。上述二个处理方向引起的压力减小的不同程度首先被归因于领域从外部磁场吸收的精力的改变，这被建议，它精力分开能由领域墙的运动在微观结构引起塑料变丑。

简介：Let{N(t),t≥0}bethenonhomogeneousPoissonprocesswithcumulativeintensityparameterΛ(t),{δt,t≥0}theageprocess,and{yi,t≥0)theresiduallifetimeprocess.Inthepresentpapertheexpressionsofn-dimensionalsurvivaldistributionfunctionsoftheprocesses{δi}and{yi},andtheirLebesguedecompositionsarederived.

简介：Thisstudydevelopedasequentialcouplingfiniteelementproceduretopredictresidualstressesofsteelpipeswithlongitudinalwela\circumferentialweldandspiralweld.Theresultsshowthattheresidualstressinheataffectedzone(HAZ)ishigherthanthatinweldforspiralweldpipe.Forthecircumferentialweldpipeandspiralweldpipe,theresidualstressininnersurfaceishigherthanthatinoutersurface.However,forthespiralweldpipe,theresidualstressininnersurfaceissmallerthanthatinoutersurface.Thehoopresidualstressofcircumferentialweldpipeishigherthanthatoflongitudinalweldpipe,whiletheaxialresidualstressofcircumferentialweldpipeissmallerthanthatoflongitudinalweldpipe.Thehoopstressesforcircumferentialweldpipeandaxialstressforlongitudinalweldpipehaveexceededtheyieldstrengthofbasemetal.Withtheincreaseofhelixangle,thehoopstressdecreaseswhiletheaxialstressincreases.Forthespiralpipe(α=30°to50°),boththehoopstressandaxialstressarerelativelysmall.Thespiralpipe(helixanglerangingfrom30°to50°)ishelpfultoreducestresscorrosioncracking(SCC)anditisrecommendedtomanufacturethesteelpipe.

简介：Thispaperinvestigatesanadvancedgrating-transferringtechniquecombinedwithgeometricphaseanalysis(GPA)forresidualstrainevaluationofcurvedsurface.Astandardholographicgratingisfirsttransferredtoapre-producedepoxyresinfilmandthenconsolidatedtoatestregionofcurvedsurface.Witharubbermoldandsiliconerubberthedeformedgratingisreplicatedtoasheetmetalafterhole-drillingforreleaseofresidualstress.Afterthatthegratingistransferredfromthesheetmetaltothe...

简介：Theaccuratedetectionofcooperativetargetsplaysakeyandfoundationalroleinunmannedaerialvehicle(UAV)landingautonomously.Thestandardmethodbasedonfixedthresholdistoosusceptibletobothilluminationvariationsandinterference.Toovercomeissuesabove,arobustdetectionalgorithmwithtripleconstraintsforcooperativetargetsbasedonspectralresidual(TCSR)isproposed.Firstly,bydesigninganasymmetriccooperativetarget,whichcomprisesredbackground,greenHandtriangletarget,thecapturedoriginalimageisconvertedintoaLabcolorspace,whosesaliencymapisyieldedbyconstructingthespectralresidual.Then,thetripleconstraintsaredevelopedaccordingtothepriorknowledgeofthecooperativetarget.Finally,thesalientregioninsaliencymapisconsideredasthecooperativetarget,anditmeetsthetripleconstraints.ExperimentalresultsincomplexenvironmentsshowthattheproposedTCSRoutperformsthestandardmethodsinhigherdetectionaccuracyandlowerfalsealarmrate.

简介：AbstractBackground:Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is one of the key interventions recommended by World Health Organization in preventing malaria infection. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of global studies about the impact of IRS on malaria control.Method:We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus for relevant studies published from database establishment to 31 December 2021. Random-effects models were used to perform meta-analysis and subgroup analysis to pool the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Meta-regression was used to investigate potential factors of heterogeneity across studies.Results:Thirty-eight articles including 81 reports and 1,174,970 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. IRS was associated with lower rates of malaria infection (OR= 0.35, 95% CI: 0.27-0.44). The significantly higher effectiveness was observed in IRS coverage ≥ 80% than in IRS coverage < 80%. Pyrethroids was identified to show the greatest performance in malaria control. In addition, higher effectiveness was associated with a lower gross domestic product as well as a higher coverage of IRS and bed net utilization.Conclusions:IRS could induce a positive effect on malaria infection globally. The high IRS coverage and the use of pyrethroids are key measures to reduce malaria infection. More efforts should focus on increasing IRS coverage, developing more effective new insecticides against malaria, and using multiple interventions comprehensively to achieve malaria control goals.

简介：Recentstudiesonassessmentofaverylowannualprobabilityofexceeding(APE)groundmotions,10-4orless,havehighlightedtheimportanceoftheupperboundofgroundmotionswhenverylowprobabilityresultsareacquired.Thetruncationleveladoptedinprobabilisticseismichazardanalysis(PSHA)shouldbedeterminedbyanaleatoryuncertaintymodel(i.e.,distributionmodel)ofgroundmotionsandthepossiblemaximumandminimumgroundmotionvaluesofaspecificearthquake.However,atthepresenttime,itisimpossibletoestablishtheupperboundmodelforgroundmotionsbasedonthesourcecharacteristicsand/orgroundmotionpropagation.McGuiresuggestedatruncationlevelbefixedatanumberof=6,orthedistributionofresidualsbetruncatedinsuchamannerthatsiteintensitycannotbegreaterthantheepicenterintensity.ThisstudyaimstofindareasonableandfeasibletruncationleveltobeusedinPSHAwhenthephysicalmechanismisnotavailabletofindtheextremegroundmotion.AmathematicalanalysisoftheinfluenceofthetruncationlevelonPSHA,casestudiesofsitesindifferentseismotectonicsettings,andadistributionanalysisofgroundmotionresidualsareconductedinthisstudy.Itisconcludedthat=4istheminimumacceptablevalueforengineeringapplicationsforAPEswithin0.002to10-4,andforlowAPEs,suchas10-5and10-6,thevalueofshouldbenolessthan5inmostregionsofChina.

简介：Chemicalvapordeposition-tungsten(CVD-W)coatingcoveringthesurfaceoftheplasmafacingcomponent(PFC)isaneffectivemethodtoimplementthetungstenmaterialasplasmafacingmaterial(PFM)infusiondevices.ResidualthermalstressinCVD-Wcoatingduetothermalmismatchbetweencoatingandsubstratewassuccessfullysimulatedbyusingafiniteelementmethod(ANSYS10.0code).Thedepositionparametriceffects,i.e.,coatingthicknessanddepositiontemperature,andinterlayerwereinvestigatedtogetadescriptionoftheresidualthermalstressintheCVD-Wcoating-substratesystem.AndtheinfluenceofthesubstratematerialsonthegenerationofresidualthermalstressintheCVD-WcoatingwasanalyzedwithrespecttotheCVD-WcoatingapplicationasPFM.ThisanalysisisbeneficialforthepreparationandapplicationofCVD-Wcoating.

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简介：Residualstressevolutionregularityinthermalbarrierceramiccoatings(TBCs)underdifferentcyclesofthermalshockloadingof1100℃wasinvestigatedbythemicroscopicdigitalimagecorrelation(DIC)andmicro-Ramanspectroscopy,respectively.Theobtainedresultsshowedthat,asthecyclenumberofthethermalshockloadingincreases,theevolutionoftheresidualstressundergoesthreedistinctstages:asharpincrease,agradualchange,andareduction.TheextensionstressneartheTBCsurfaceisfasttransformedtocompressiveonethroughjustonethermalcycle.Afterdifferentthermalshockcycleswithpeaktemperatureof1100℃,phasetransformationinTBCdoesnothappen,whereasthegeneration,development,evolutionofthethermallygrownoxide(TGO)layerandmicro-cracksarethemainreasonscausingtheevolutionregularityoftheresidualstress.

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简介：TheIncompleteOrthogonalizationMethod(IOM(q)),atruncatedversionoftheFullOrthogonalizationMethod(FOM)proposedbySaad,hasbeenusedforsolvinglargeunsymmetriclinearsystmes.However,theIOM(q)exhibitesirregularconvergencebehaviorwithwildoscillationintheresidualnormsthoughittendstodecreaseinaveryslowmanner,whichisowingtothelackofminimizationpropertyovertheKrylovsubspace.QMRmethodproposedbyFreund,GutknechtandNachtigal,owingtoitsabilitytoavoidbreakdownsandsmoothconvergencebehavior,isarobustiterativesolverforgeneralnonsingularunsymmetriclinearsystems.Inthispaper,weproposeanovelquasi-minimalresidual(QMR)variantoftheIncompleteOrthogonalizationMethod(IOM(q)).Numericalexpermentsshowthatithassmoothconvergencebehaviorandismoreeffective,especiallywhenusingitsrestartedversion.

简介：MagneticBarkhausennoise(MBN)isaphenomenonofelectromagneticenergyduetothemovementofmagneticdomainwallsinsideferromagneticmaterialswhentheyarelocallymagnetizedbyanalternatingmagneticfields.AccordingtoFaraday’slawofelectromagneticinduction,thenoisecanbereceivedbythecoilattachedtothesurfaceofthematerialbeingmagnetizedandthenoisecarriesthemessageofthecharacteristicsofthematerialsuchasstresses,hardness,phasecontent,etc.Basedonthecharacteristicofthenoise,researchingabouttherelationshipbetweentheresidualstressintheweldingassemblyandthenoisearecarriedout.Furthermore,dataprocessisperformedbyRMS(RootMeanSquare)equationandPowerSpectrumanalysis.

简介：ThispaperdealswiththeapplicationofAcousto-ultrasonics,incon-junctionwithPatternRecognitionandClassificationtechniques,totheidentificationofresidualimpactpropertiesofaclassofpolymericmaterial,namely,Polyvinylchlo-ride(PVC).PVCspecimensofdifferentlow-energyrepeatedimpactdamagestatesareprocessedbyAcousto-ultrasonics(AU)toretrieveAUsignalsintheformofdig-italizedrecords.TheseAUsignalsaregroupedasdistinctclasses,eachpertainingtoaknownlevelofrepeatedimpactdamage.DescribingfeaturesoftheseAUsignalsareusedtobuildPatternRecognition(PR)Classifiers.TheseclassifiersareusedtoidentifyunknowndamagestatesinotherPVCspecimensbyclassifyingthere-trievedAUsignalsasbelongingtooneoftheclasses.TheobtainedresultsindicatethatAcousto-ultrasonicsincombinationwithPatternRecognitionandClassificationtechniquescanbeusedforthequantitativenon-destructiveidentificationofdamagestatesinPVCspecimensofunknownlow-energyrepeatedimpactconditions.

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简介：剩余的理论和方程明显的极化方法在这篇文章被建议并且描述。基于存在的矿的研究，剩余明显的极化\Gh\Gasy，从全体的导致水流的中间坡度的明显的极化\Gh\Ga和在已知的深Jiaojia类型金矿上的小电极空格计算，被显示了把矿的效果与在破裂地区从强烈改变的岩石产生的异常极化分开。关键词导致水流中间坡度-剩余明显的极化-深Jiaojia类型金矿-申请第一作者NiuRubao，高级工程师，执行地球物理的调查和研究并且被同意了撤营四次的等级3和等级4科学、工艺的奖金并且出版了大约十篇论文。

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简介：基于Si的多层的结构广泛地在当前的微电子学被使用。在他们的准备期间，一些不同类的剩余应力被导致，导致在接口错配和表面精力和平导致结构失败之间的竞争。这个工作在多层的半导体heterostructure在剩余应力的测量上介绍方法学的研究。扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)，micro-Raman光谱学(太太)，和传播电子显微镜学(TEM)被使用测量多层的结构的几何参数。在拉曼光谱和压力/紧张在上之间的关系[100]并且[110]水晶取向被决定分别地启用表面和剖面图剩余压力分析。基于印射结果的拉曼，沿着多层的heterostructure的深度的剩余应力的分发成功地被获得。

简介：在FRP的剥离开现象加强了具体横梁在这份报纸被调查。基于横梁理论和破裂力学，一个新理论模型被建议在FRP具体的接口附近分析剥离开行为，它被剩余管理热压力。数字例子被举提供清楚的卓见进失败机制。一些建议被为FRP的最佳的设计提供加强的结构。