简介：Residualstressinducedduringmanufacturingofinjectionmoldedcomponentssuchaspolymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)affectsthemechanicalandopticalpropertiesofthesecomponents.Theseresidualstressescanbevisualizedandquantifiedbymeasuringtheirbirefringence.Inthispaper,alowbirefringencepolariscope(LBP)isusedtomeasurethewhole-fieldresidualstressdistributionoftheseinjectionmoldedspecimens.Detailedanalyticalandexperimentalstudyisconductedtoquantifytheresidualstressmeasurementinthesematerials.Acommercialbirefringencemeasurementsystemwasusedtovalidatetheresultsobtainedtoourmeasurementsystem.Thisstudycanhelpinmaterialdiagnosisforqualityandmanufacturingpurposeandbeusefulforunderstandingofresidualstressinimagingorotherapplications.

简介：Fourcategoriesofglobularproteins,includingall-α,all-β,α+β,andα/βtypes,aresimplifiedastheoff-latticeHNPmodelinvolvingthesecondary-structuralinformationofeachprotein.Thepropensityofthreetypesofresidues,i.e.,H,N,andPtoformasecondarystructureisinvestigatedbasedon146proteinsamples.WefindthatPresiduesareeasytoformα-helices,whereasHresidueshaveahighertendencytoconstructβ-sheets.ThestatisticalanalysisalsoindicatesthattheoccurrenceofPresiduesisinvariablyhigherthanthatofHresidues,whichisindependentofproteincategory.Changesinbond-andnon-bondedpotentialenergiesofallproteinsamplesunderawidetemperaturerangearepresentedbycoarse-grainedmoleculardynamics(MD)simulation.Thesimulationresultsclearlyshowalinearrelationshipbetweenthebond-stretching/bendingpotentialenergyandthereducedtemperature.Thebond-torsionalandnon-bondedpotentialenergiesshowdistincttransitionswithtemperature.Thebond-torsionalenergyincreasestothemaximumandthendecreaseswiththeincreaseoftemperature,whichisoppositetothechangeinnon-bondedpotentialenergy.Thetransitiontemperatureofnon-bondedpotentialenergyisindependentoftheproteincategory,whilethatofbond-torsionalenergyiscloselyrelatedtotheproteinsecondarystructure,i.e.,α-helixorβ-sheet.Thequantitativelybonded-andsemiquantitativelynon-bondedpotentialenergyof24α+βand23α/βproteinsamplesaresuccessfullypredictedaccordingtothestatisticalresultsobtainedfromMDsimulations.

简介：Aresidual-stressprofilealongthethicknessofanaluminumalloysheetisdeterminedbylaser-ultrasonictechnique.SurfaceacousticwavesaregeneratedbyaNd:YAGpulselaseranddetectedbyaHeterodyneinterferometeronalateralfreesurfaceofthesheet.Thedistributionofresidualstressisdeterminedbymeasuringtherelativevariationofthewavevelocitiesatdifferentlocationofthesamplealongitsthickness.Thistechniqueisvalidatedbythreedifferentresidualstressprofilesobtainedexperimentally.

简介：因为为回归功能的有效推理要求heteroscedasticity应该被考虑，在回归分析检测heteroscedasticity的重要性广泛地被认出。在这篇论文，为heteroscedasticity的简单测试基于剩余分析在非参量的回归被建议。而且，有有Dette和Munk的比较的一些模拟是方法被进行评估建议测试的表演。结果证明在这篇论文的方法相当令人满意地表现并且在一些情况中是比Dette和Munk的方法更强大的。

简介：HfO2榆树被电子横梁蒸发在BK7玻璃底层上扔。在剩余压力和HfO2电影的结构上在100度C和400度C之间退火的影响被学习。系列，剩余压力和结构的小差别在在更低的温度退火以后被获得，这被发现。在在更高的温度退火以后，系列变到短波长，有增加退火的剩余压力增加温度。同时，雏晶尺寸增加，interplanardistance减少。光系列和剩余应力的变化对应于退火导致的结构的进化。

简介：Let{N(t),t≥0}bethenonhomogeneousPoissonprocesswithcumulativeintensityparameterΛ(t),{δt,t≥0}theageprocess,and{yi,t≥0)theresiduallifetimeprocess.Inthepresentpapertheexpressionsofn-dimensionalsurvivaldistributionfunctionsoftheprocesses{δi}and{yi},andtheirLebesguedecompositionsarederived.

简介：Thispaperinvestigatesanadvancedgrating-transferringtechniquecombinedwithgeometricphaseanalysis(GPA)forresidualstrainevaluationofcurvedsurface.Astandardholographicgratingisfirsttransferredtoapre-producedepoxyresinfilmandthenconsolidatedtoatestregionofcurvedsurface.Witharubbermoldandsiliconerubberthedeformedgratingisreplicatedtoasheetmetalafterhole-drillingforreleaseofresidualstress.Afterthatthegratingistransferredfromthesheetmetaltothe...

简介：Residualstressevolutionregularityinthermalbarrierceramiccoatings(TBCs)underdifferentcyclesofthermalshockloadingof1100℃wasinvestigatedbythemicroscopicdigitalimagecorrelation(DIC)andmicro-Ramanspectroscopy,respectively.Theobtainedresultsshowedthat,asthecyclenumberofthethermalshockloadingincreases,theevolutionoftheresidualstressundergoesthreedistinctstages:asharpincrease,agradualchange,andareduction.TheextensionstressneartheTBCsurfaceisfasttransformedtocompressiveonethroughjustonethermalcycle.Afterdifferentthermalshockcycleswithpeaktemperatureof1100℃,phasetransformationinTBCdoesnothappen,whereasthegeneration,development,evolutionofthethermallygrownoxide(TGO)layerandmicro-cracksarethemainreasonscausingtheevolutionregularityoftheresidualstress.

简介：TheIncompleteOrthogonalizationMethod(IOM(q)),atruncatedversionoftheFullOrthogonalizationMethod(FOM)proposedbySaad,hasbeenusedforsolvinglargeunsymmetriclinearsystmes.However,theIOM(q)exhibitesirregularconvergencebehaviorwithwildoscillationintheresidualnormsthoughittendstodecreaseinaveryslowmanner,whichisowingtothelackofminimizationpropertyovertheKrylovsubspace.QMRmethodproposedbyFreund,GutknechtandNachtigal,owingtoitsabilitytoavoidbreakdownsandsmoothconvergencebehavior,isarobustiterativesolverforgeneralnonsingularunsymmetriclinearsystems.Inthispaper,weproposeanovelquasi-minimalresidual(QMR)variantoftheIncompleteOrthogonalizationMethod(IOM(q)).Numericalexpermentsshowthatithassmoothconvergencebehaviorandismoreeffective,especiallywhenusingitsrestartedversion.

简介：ThispaperdealswiththeapplicationofAcousto-ultrasonics,incon-junctionwithPatternRecognitionandClassificationtechniques,totheidentificationofresidualimpactpropertiesofaclassofpolymericmaterial,namely,Polyvinylchlo-ride(PVC).PVCspecimensofdifferentlow-energyrepeatedimpactdamagestatesareprocessedbyAcousto-ultrasonics(AU)toretrieveAUsignalsintheformofdig-italizedrecords.TheseAUsignalsaregroupedasdistinctclasses,eachpertainingtoaknownlevelofrepeatedimpactdamage.DescribingfeaturesoftheseAUsignalsareusedtobuildPatternRecognition(PR)Classifiers.TheseclassifiersareusedtoidentifyunknowndamagestatesinotherPVCspecimensbyclassifyingthere-trievedAUsignalsasbelongingtooneoftheclasses.TheobtainedresultsindicatethatAcousto-ultrasonicsincombinationwithPatternRecognitionandClassificationtechniquescanbeusedforthequantitativenon-destructiveidentificationofdamagestatesinPVCspecimensofunknownlow-energyrepeatedimpactconditions.

简介：基于Si的多层的结构广泛地在当前的微电子学被使用。在他们的准备期间，一些不同类的剩余应力被导致，导致在接口错配和表面精力和平导致结构失败之间的竞争。这个工作在多层的半导体heterostructure在剩余应力的测量上介绍方法学的研究。扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)，micro-Raman光谱学(太太)，和传播电子显微镜学(TEM)被使用测量多层的结构的几何参数。在拉曼光谱和压力/紧张在上之间的关系[100]并且[110]水晶取向被决定分别地启用表面和剖面图剩余压力分析。基于印射结果的拉曼，沿着多层的heterostructure的深度的剩余应力的分发成功地被获得。

简介：在FRP的剥离开现象加强了具体横梁在这份报纸被调查。基于横梁理论和破裂力学，一个新理论模型被建议在FRP具体的接口附近分析剥离开行为，它被剩余管理热压力。数字例子被举提供清楚的卓见进失败机制。一些建议被为FRP的最佳的设计提供加强的结构。

简介：Inthisstudy,theresidualstrainofathinconductivemetalwireonapolymersubstrateafterelectricalfailureismeasuredwithSEMmoir′e.Focusedionbeam(FIB)millingisappliedtofabricatemicronmoir′egratingsonthesurfacesofconstantanwiresandtherandomphaseshiftingtechniqueisusedtoprocessmoir′efringes.Thevirtualstrainmethodisbrieflyintroducedandusedtocalculatetherealstrainofspecimens.Inordertostudytheinfluenceofadefectontheelectricalfailureoftheconstantanwire,experimentswereconductedontwospecimens,onewithacrack,whiletheotheronewithoutanycrack.Bycomparingtheresults,wefoundthatthedefectmakesthecriticalbeamcurrentofelectricalfailuredecrease.Inaddition,thespecimensweresubjectedtocompressionafterelectricalfailure,inagreementwiththeobservedcrackclosureofthespecimen.Thesuccessfulresultsdemonstratethatthemoir′emethodiseffectivetocharacterizethefull-fielddeformationofconstantanwiresonthepolymermembrane,andhasagoodpotentialforfurtherapplicationtothedeformationmeasurementofthinfilms.

简介：

简介：剩余在SUS304不锈钢的墙中强调圆柱的绘画杯被裂口戒指测试评估，并且踩的影响死剩余压力上的参数被调查。裂口戒指测试的一个新理论模型被开发在一枚戒指评估剩余压力，它被验证由有ABAQUS代码并且由nanoindentation测试的数字模拟合理、可靠。七组裂口戒指测试被完成，并且剩余压力根据理论模型的意见是计算的。裂口戒指测试结果证明环绕的剩余在SUS304不锈钢的墙中强调圆柱的绘画杯很大并且没随着变化不同死角落半径。环绕的剩余压力首先随画punchdie清理的增加增加了，当清理增加了时，当时是几乎未改变的比空白的厚度大1?公里。因此，一个更小的清理被建议被选在拉杯的SUS304不锈钢的墙中减少剩余压力。

简介：WehavestudiedtheangularmagnetoresistanceofironpnictidesBaFe2-xNixAs2,whichshowsclear180degreeperiodicityasfittedbyacosinefunction.Inthex=0.065sample,thephaseofthetwo-foldsymmetrychanges90degreesabovethetetragonal-to-orthorhombicstructuraltransitiontemperatureTs.Sincethephaseatlowtemperatureisassociatedwiththerotationoforthorhombicdomainsbymagneticfield,weshowthatevenvacuumgreasecanpushthepresenceoforthorhombicdomainsattemperaturesmuchhigherthanTs.Ourresultssuggestthatresidualstressmayhavesignificanteffectsinstudyingthenematicordersanditsfluctuationsinironpnictides.

简介：剩余类型的一种新技术posteriori错误分析被开发因为低顺序的Raviart-Thomas混合了convection-diffusion-reaction方程的有限元素discretizations在二尺寸或三尺寸。集中的混合计划和迎风加权的混合计划被考虑。一个posteriori错误评估者，在L2标准加分级的排水量错误为压力变量错误发源，没有任何另外的费用，能直接与混合计划的答案被计算，并且被证明可靠。没有任何浸透假设，依赖于在系数的本地变化的本地效率被获得，并且从传送对流或反应不是到传送对流主导或反应主导的问题的现在的案例成立。分析的主要工具是修改奥斯瓦尔多插值的分级的排水量，抽象错误估计，和性质的postprocessed近似。数字实验被执行支持我们的理论结果并且显示出建议posteriori错误估计的竞争行为。[从作者抽象]

简介：Theresultsonadissociationbehaviorofpropanehydratespreparedfrom'drywater'andcontainedunreactedresidualwaterintheformoficeinclusionsorsupercooledliquidwater(watersolutionofgas)werepresentedfortemperaturesbelow273K.Thetemperaturerampingorpressurereleasemethodwasusedforthedissociationofpropanehydratesamples.Itwasfoundthatthemechanismofgashydratedissociationattemperaturesbelow273Kdependedonthephasestateofunreactedwaterinthehydratesample.Gashydratesdissociatedintoiceandgasiftheiceinclusionswereinthehydratesample.Thesamplesofpropanehydrateswithinclusionsofunreactedsupercooledwateronly(withouticeinclusions)dissociatedintosupercooledwaterandgasbelowthepressureofthesupercooledwater-hydrate-gasmetastableequilibrium.