简介：Residualstressinducedduringmanufacturingofinjectionmoldedcomponentssuchaspolymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)affectsthemechanicalandopticalpropertiesofthesecomponents.Theseresidualstressescanbevisualizedandquantifiedbymeasuringtheirbirefringence.Inthispaper,alowbirefringencepolariscope(LBP)isusedtomeasurethewhole-fieldresidualstressdistributionoftheseinjectionmoldedspecimens.Detailedanalyticalandexperimentalstudyisconductedtoquantifytheresidualstressmeasurementinthesematerials.Acommercialbirefringencemeasurementsystemwasusedtovalidatetheresultsobtainedtoourmeasurementsystem.Thisstudycanhelpinmaterialdiagnosisforqualityandmanufacturingpurposeandbeusefulforunderstandingofresidualstressinimagingorotherapplications.

简介：Thisstudydevelopedasequentialcouplingfiniteelementproceduretopredictresidualstressesofsteelpipeswithlongitudinalwela\circumferentialweldandspiralweld.Theresultsshowthattheresidualstressinheataffectedzone(HAZ)ishigherthanthatinweldforspiralweldpipe.Forthecircumferentialweldpipeandspiralweldpipe,theresidualstressininnersurfaceishigherthanthatinoutersurface.However,forthespiralweldpipe,theresidualstressininnersurfaceissmallerthanthatinoutersurface.Thehoopresidualstressofcircumferentialweldpipeishigherthanthatoflongitudinalweldpipe,whiletheaxialresidualstressofcircumferentialweldpipeissmallerthanthatoflongitudinalweldpipe.Thehoopstressesforcircumferentialweldpipeandaxialstressforlongitudinalweldpipehaveexceededtheyieldstrengthofbasemetal.Withtheincreaseofhelixangle,thehoopstressdecreaseswhiletheaxialstressincreases.Forthespiralpipe(α=30°to50°),boththehoopstressandaxialstressarerelativelysmall.Thespiralpipe(helixanglerangingfrom30°to50°)ishelpfultoreducestresscorrosioncracking(SCC)anditisrecommendedtomanufacturethesteelpipe.

简介：基于Si的多层的结构广泛地在当前的微电子学被使用。在他们的准备期间，一些不同类的剩余应力被导致，导致在接口错配和表面精力和平导致结构失败之间的竞争。这个工作在多层的半导体heterostructure在剩余应力的测量上介绍方法学的研究。扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)，micro-Raman光谱学(太太)，和传播电子显微镜学(TEM)被使用测量多层的结构的几何参数。在拉曼光谱和压力/紧张在上之间的关系[100]并且[110]水晶取向被决定分别地启用表面和剖面图剩余压力分析。基于印射结果的拉曼，沿着多层的heterostructure的深度的剩余应力的分发成功地被获得。

简介：Inthisstudy,theresidualstrainofathinconductivemetalwireonapolymersubstrateafterelectricalfailureismeasuredwithSEMmoir′e.Focusedionbeam(FIB)millingisappliedtofabricatemicronmoir′egratingsonthesurfacesofconstantanwiresandtherandomphaseshiftingtechniqueisusedtoprocessmoir′efringes.Thevirtualstrainmethodisbrieflyintroducedandusedtocalculatetherealstrainofspecimens.Inordertostudytheinfluenceofadefectontheelectricalfailureoftheconstantanwire,experimentswereconductedontwospecimens,onewithacrack,whiletheotheronewithoutanycrack.Bycomparingtheresults,wefoundthatthedefectmakesthecriticalbeamcurrentofelectricalfailuredecrease.Inaddition,thespecimensweresubjectedtocompressionafterelectricalfailure,inagreementwiththeobservedcrackclosureofthespecimen.Thesuccessfulresultsdemonstratethatthemoir′emethodiseffectivetocharacterizethefull-fielddeformationofconstantanwiresonthepolymermembrane,andhasagoodpotentialforfurtherapplicationtothedeformationmeasurementofthinfilms.

简介：Whenmeasuringresidualstressofcoarse-grainaluminumalloyusingX-raydiffractionmethod,thediffractionprofileshowstwopeaksandpositionofmeasured2dwillbechanged,whichleadtoaninaccuratemeasurementresult.Hence,inthispaper,somemethodswereemployedtoimprovethemeasurementaccuracy.Duringthemeasuringprocess,differentparameters(diameterofirradiatedarea,Ψ-oscillationrangeandexposuretime)wereselectedandprofilepeakshiftmethodwasutilized.Moreover,whenthe20ofprofileswasdetermined,differentcalculationmethodswereusedtocalculatetheresidualstress.TheresultsshowthatdiameterofirradiatedareaandΨ-oscillationrangehavesignificantinfluenceonthemeasuringresult.Forstressvaluecalculateddirectlyfromthetestequipment,crosscorrelationmethodismoreaccuratethantheabsolutepeak.Furthermore,anothertwocalculationmethodsofslopewith2θ-sin~2Ψande-sin~2Ψwereusedtocalculatethestressbasedonparameters(2θ,ε)obtainedfromcrosscorrelationmethod.Itisconcludedthat20-sin~2Ψmethodcanfurtherimprovethemeasurementaccuracy.

简介：剩余在SUS304不锈钢的墙中强调圆柱的绘画杯被裂口戒指测试评估，并且踩的影响死剩余压力上的参数被调查。裂口戒指测试的一个新理论模型被开发在一枚戒指评估剩余压力，它被验证由有ABAQUS代码并且由nanoindentation测试的数字模拟合理、可靠。七组裂口戒指测试被完成，并且剩余压力根据理论模型的意见是计算的。裂口戒指测试结果证明环绕的剩余在SUS304不锈钢的墙中强调圆柱的绘画杯很大并且没随着变化不同死角落半径。环绕的剩余压力首先随画punchdie清理的增加增加了，当清理增加了时，当时是几乎未改变的比空白的厚度大1?公里。因此，一个更小的清理被建议被选在拉杯的SUS304不锈钢的墙中减少剩余压力。

简介：ThestainlessFe-Mn-Sishapememoryalloy(SMA)coatingwaspreparedonthesurfaceofAISI304stainlesssteel.Theprincipalresidualstressmeasuredbythemechanicalhole-drillingmethodindicatesthattheFe-Mn-SiSMAcladdingspecimenpossessesalowerresidualstresscomparedwiththe304stainlesssteelcladdingspecimen.Themeanstressvaluesoftheformerandthelatteron10-mm-thicksubstrateare4.751MPaand7.399MPa,respectively.What’smore,theirdeformationvalueson2-mm-thicksubstrateareabout0°and15°,respectively.Meanwhile,thevariationtrendandthevalueoftheresidualstresssimulatedbytheANSYSfiniteelementsoftwareconsistwithexperimentalresults.TheX-raydiffraction(XRD)patternshowsε-martensiteexistsinFe-Mn-SiSMAcoating,whichverifiesthemechanismoflowresidualstress.That’stheγ→εmartensitephasetransformation,whichrelaxestheresidualstressofthespecimenandreducesitsdeformationinthelasercladdingprocessing.

简介：WehavestudiedtheangularmagnetoresistanceofironpnictidesBaFe2-xNixAs2,whichshowsclear180degreeperiodicityasfittedbyacosinefunction.Inthex=0.065sample,thephaseofthetwo-foldsymmetrychanges90degreesabovethetetragonal-to-orthorhombicstructuraltransitiontemperatureTs.Sincethephaseatlowtemperatureisassociatedwiththerotationoforthorhombicdomainsbymagneticfield,weshowthatevenvacuumgreasecanpushthepresenceoforthorhombicdomainsattemperaturesmuchhigherthanTs.Ourresultssuggestthatresidualstressmayhavesignificanteffectsinstudyingthenematicordersanditsfluctuationsinironpnictides.