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简介：ThisarticledescribesalocalerrorestimatorforGlimm'sschemeforhyperbolicsystemsofconservationlawsandusesittoreplacetheusualrandomchoiceinGlimm'sschemebyanoptimalchoice.Asaby-productofthelocalerrorestimator,theprocedureprovidesaglobalerrorestimatorthatisshownnumericallytobeaveryaccurateestimateoftheerrorinL1(R)foralltimes.Althoughthereispartialmathematicalevidencefortheerrorestimatorproposed,atthisstagetheerrorestimatormustbeconsideredad-hoc.Nonetheless,theerrorestimatorissimpletocompute,relativelyinexpensive,withoutadjustableparametersandatleastasaccurateasotherexistingerrorestimators.Numericalexperimentsin1-DforBurgers'equationandforEuler'ssystemareperformedtomeasuretheasymptoticaccuracyoftheresultingschemeandoftheerrorestimator.

简介：Atextbook,Economic,SocialandCulturalRights(secondrevisededition),hasbeentranslatedintoChineseunderthesponsorshipoftheChinaSocietyforHumanRightsStudiesandpublishedbytheSichuanPeople’sPublishingHouse.

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简介：AbstractThe pathogenesis of melasma is believed to be related to heredity, sun exposure, sex hormones, and other factors. The mechanisms underlying the development of melasma include increased melanin synthesis, vascular proliferation within the skin lesions, inflammation, and skin barrier dysfunction. The diagnosis of melasma is mainly based on clinical manifestations and noninvasive techniques. Coupling with recent research progress in melasma, the present consensus comprehensively elaborates the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, staging, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of melasma to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic skills of Chinese dermatologists.

简介：Inthisnote,apositiveanswerforaquestionposedbyS.Batesin1992isgiven,i.e.thereexistsaC^∞rank-1mapf:I^2→R^1suchthatf(A)hasnonemptyinteriorforsomesubsetA(∪→)I^2ofcriticalpointswithfiniteHausdorffdimension.ItissaytheMorsecriticalitytheoremcannotbegeneralizedtoinfinite-dimensionalspaces.

简介：Background：TheGlobalPhysicalActivityQuestionnaire（GPAQ）hasbeenusedtomeasurephysicalactivity（PA）andsedentarytimeinFrance,butnostudyhasassesseditspsychometricproperties.ThisstudyaimedtocomparethereliabilityaswellascriterionandconcurrentvalidityoftheFrenchversionoftheGPAQwiththeFrenchInternationalPhysicalActivityQuestionnairelongform（IPAQ-LF）anduseofanaccelerometerinageneraladultpopulation.Methods：Weincluded92participants（studentsorstaff）fromtheMedicineCampusattheUniversityofLorraine,Nancy（north-easternFrance）.TheFrenchGPAQwascompletedtwice,7daysapart,tostudytest-retestreliability.TheIPAQ-LFwasusedtoassessconcurrentvalidityoftheGPAQ,andparticipantsworeanaccelerometer（ActiGraphGT3X＋）for7daystostudycriterionvalidity.ReliabilityaswellasconcurrentandcriterionvalidityoftheGPAQweretestedbytheintraclasscorrelationcoefficient（ICC）,Spearmancorrelationcoefficientforquantitativevariables,andKappaandPhicoefficientsforqualitativevariables.BothconcurrentandcriterionvalidityofGPAQwereassessedbyBland-Altmanplots.Results：TheGPAQshowedpoortogoodreliability（ICC=0.37-0.94;Kappa=0.50-0.62）andconcurrentvalidity（Spearmanr=0.41-0.86）,butonlypoorcriterionvalidity（Spearmanr=-0.22-0.42）.LimitsofagreementfortheGPAQandaccelerometerwerewide,withdifferencesbetween286.5min/weekand601.3min/week.Conclusion：TheFrenchversionoftheGPAQprovideslimitedbutacceptablereliabilityandvalidityforthemeasurementofPAandsedentarytime.ItmaybeusedforassessingPAandsedentarytimeinaFrenchadultpopulation.

简介：Usingthetechniqueofintegralwithinanorderedproduct(IWOP)ofoperatorsweshowthatthewavelettransformcanberecastedtoamatrixelementofsqueezing-displacingoperatorbetweenthemotherwaveletstatevectorandthestatevectortobetransformedinthecontextofquantummechanics.Inthiswaymanyquantumopticalstates'wavelettransformcanbeeasilyderived.

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简介：‘JournaloftheChineseRareEarthSo-ciety’hasbeenpublishedinChinesewithEnglishabstractssince1983.Ithasexpeditedthedevelopmentofrareearthresearch,technologyandapplicationsinChina,promotedtheacademicexchangeathomeandabroad.Inordertomakeitmoreaccessibletoforeignscientists,twoeditions(ChineseandEnglish)willbepublished,startingfromVolume8,1990.TheEnglishVersionhasfourissuesan-nually,reportingoriginalresearchesintheformofarticles,notesandcommuni-cations.AnindexofrareEarthbiblio-graphywillbeincludedineachissue.Mini-reviewsontopicsofcurrentin-terestandbriefintroductionofrareearthresearchinstitutes,laboratories,Factories,companiesanddistinguished

简介：Inthispaper,weinvestigateahorizontalLaplacianversionoftheclampedplateproblemonCarnotgroupsandobtainsomeuniversalinequalities.Furthermore,forthelowerordereigenvaluesofthiseigenvalueproblemoncarnotgroups,wealsogivesomeuniversalinequalities.

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简介：Thepaperinvestigatestheh-pversionoftheinfiniteelementmethod.Anexponentialconvergencecanbeabtainedbyasmallamountofcomputingwork.

简介：在这份调查报纸，我们在边界元素方法(BEM)的hp版本的最近的开发报导。作为我们认为弱单个的模型问题和平面、开的表面上的第一种类型的hypersingular积分方程。我们证明Galerkin答案(在几何网孔上与hp版本计算了)向不可分的方程的准确答案快指数地收敛。一个hp适应的算法被给，hp版本BEM的实现为性恶的边界元素僵硬矩阵和有效preconditioners的选择被讨论。我们也为在接触条件仅仅在Gauss-Lobatto点的分离集合上被强制的线性弹性解决Signorini接触问题评论hp版本BEM的使用。数字结果被介绍它加重理论结果。[从作者抽象]

简介：在这糊，在的帮助下光谱积分，我们在复杂Hilbert空格为操作员显示出Bishop-Phelps定理的一个量的版本。精确，让H是一个复杂Hilbert空格并且0<<1/2。然后为每围住的线性操作员T：HH和x有T=的0H1=x0以便Tx0>1g3，在那里存在xH和围住的线性操作员S：有S=的HH1=x以便$$\left\|{Sx_\varepsilon}\right\|=1，\left\|{x_\varepsilon-x_0}\right\|\leqslant\sqrt{2\varepsilon}+\sqrt[4]{{2\varepsilon}}，\left\|{S-T}\right\|\leqslant\sqrt{2\varepsilon}.$$

简介：AbstractFetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common complication of pregnancy associated with higher rates of perinatal mortality and morbidity, as well as a variety of long-term adverse outcomes. To standardize the clinical practice for the management of FGR in China, Fetal Medicine Subgroup, Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine, Chinese Medical Association and Maternal-Fetal Medicine Committee, Chinese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Chinese Medical Association organized an expert committee to provide official consensus-based recommendations on FGR. We evaluated the evidence provided by relevant high-quality literature, performed a three-round Delphi study and organized face-to-face meetings with experts from multidisciplinary backgrounds. The consensus includes the definition, prenatal screening, prevention, diagnosis, monitoring and management of FGR.

简介：AbstractPrimary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) is a pathologic condition of excessive sweating on hands that has adverse impacts on patients' social activity, professional life, and psychological state. Endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy (ETS) is by far the treatment choice for PPH with the most stable and durable curative effects, but special attention should be given to the side effects of the surgery, especially compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH). This consensus is the second version of the Chinese Expert Consensus on the Surgical Treatment of PPH by the China Expert Committee on Palmar Hyperhidrosis (CECPH), which was published 10 years ago. This consensus emphasizes the need for special attention and careful assessment of the patients’ feelings, as well as their emotional and mental state, and emphasizes that distress due to palmar sweating and the desire for treatment are prerequisites for diagnosis. It also provides a more nuanced delineation of CH and reviews all new attempts to prevent and treat this side effect. New evidence of the epidemiology, pathogenesis of PPH, and indications for surgery were also assessed or recommended.