简介：自己组装在自然占优势并且从自然学习将导致biofunctional材料。由弹力素的蛋白质启发了，我们在忍受重复VPGAG的肽的弹力素的超分子的hydrogel上在这研究报导了。粘弹性性质，nanostructures的形态学，并且在自我装配的nanostructure的芳香的叠被电流测定，传播电子显微镜(TEM)，和荧光显微镜分别地描绘。gelator的biocompatibility被MTT试金也证明。尽管超分子的hydrogel没能展出象弹力素一样的高弹性，thixotropichydrogel可能在房间文化的领域里为应用有潜力，控制药版本，等等。

简介：Thesurvivalorientedadaptationofevolvedbiosystemstovariationsintheirenvironmentisaselectiveoptimizationprocess.Recognizingtheoptimisedendproductanditsfunctionalityistheclassicalarenaofbionicengineering.Inaprimordialworld,however,themolecularorganizationandfunctionsofprebioticsystemsweresolelydefinedbyformativeprocessesintheirphysicalandchemicalenvironment,forinstance,theinterplaybetweeninterfacialwaterlayersonsurfacesandsolarlight.Theformativepotentialoftheinterplaybetweenlight(laserlight)andinterfacialwaterlayersonsurfaceswasrecentlyexploitedintheformationofsupercubanecarbonnanocrystals.Inevolvedbiosystemstheformativepotentialofinterfacialwaterlayerscanstillbeactivatedbylight.Herewereportacaseofhayfever,whichwassuccessfullytreatedinthecourseofafacialreju-venationprogramstartinginNovember2007.Targetingprimarilyinterfacialwaterlayersonelastinfibresinthewrinkledareas,wepresumablyalsoactivatedmastcellsinthenasalmucosa,reportedtoprogressivelydecreaseinthenasalmucosaoftherabbit,whenfrequentlyirradiated.Hayfeverisinducedbythereleaseofmediators,especiallyhistamine,aprocessassociatedwiththedegranulationofmastcells.Decreaseinmastcellsnumbersimpliesadecreaseinthereleaseofhistamine.Tothebestofourknowledgethisisthefirstreportonthetreatmentofhayfeverwithvisiblelight.Thisapproachwasinspiredbybionicthinking,andcouldhelpamelioratingtheconditionofmillionsofpeoplesufferingfromhayfeverworldwide.

简介：由于市场的快速的变化和比赛的压力，生产公司被强迫改编他们的生产方法支持顾客需要的差异和新产品开发的增加。因为生物有机体相当能够适应环境变化和刺激，启发简历的概念被认出了对适应生产合适系统控制。因此，这份报纸建议启发NeuroEndocrine的生产系统(NEIMS)的一个新奇概念。建议NEIMS控制体系结构与neuro控制和荷尔蒙规定原则基于类比。它有能力明确地包括控制点，材料，信息流动路径和逻辑操作指定生产控制计划，并且活泼地在商店地板水平处理意外骚乱的经常的出现。从控制论观点，NEIMS的控制模型由于外部环境在产品要求显示适应行为到变化并且作为内部环境生产房间失灵。最后，一个原型系统被设置了启用NEIMS模拟。

简介：Thefieldofmechanicsofbiologicalandbio-inspiredmaterialsunderwentanexcitingdevelopmentoverthepastseveralyears,whichmadeitstandatthecuttingedgeofbothengineeringmechanicsandbiomechanics.Asanintriguinginterdisciplinaryresearchfield,itaimsatelucidatingthefundamentalprinciplesinnature'sdesignofstrong,multi-functionalandsmartMaterialsbyfocusingontheassembly,deformation,stabilityandfailureofthematerials.Theseprinciplesshouldhavewideapplicationsinnotonlymaterialsciencesandmechanicalengineeringbutalsobiomedicalengineering.Forinstance,theknowledgeinMechanicalprinciplesofbiologicalmaterialsisveryhelpfulforaddressingsomemajorchallengesinmaterialsciencesandengineering.Theyalsohavethepotentialtoprovidequantitativeunderstandingabouthowforcesanddeformationaffecthumanbeing'shealth,diseasesandtreatmentattissue,cellularandmolecularlevels.

简介：Learningiswidelyusedinintelligentplanningtoshortentheplanningprocessorimprovetheplanquality.Thispaperaimsatintroducinglearningandfatigueintotheclassicalhierarchicaltasknetwork(HTN)planningprocesssoastocreatebetterhighqualityplansquickly.TheprocessofHTNplanningismappedduringadepth-firstsearchprocessinaproblem-solvingagent,andthemodelsoflearninginHTNplanningisconductedsimilartothelearningdepth-firstsearch(LDFS).Basedonthemodels,alearningmethodintegratingHTNplanningandLDFSispresented,andafatiguemechanismisintroducedtobalanceexplorationandexploitationinlearning.Finally,experimentsintwoclassicaldomainsarecarriedoutinordertovalidatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedlearningandfatigueinspiredmethod.

简介：AflexiblehingelesscontrolsurfacemodelwasproposedformotioncontrolofUnderwaterVehicles(UVs),whichisinspiredbytheflexiblebendingcontrolsurfacesofunderwatercreatures,suchasfishandsquid.ComputationalFluidDynamics(CFD)simulationdemonstratesthat,incomparisonwiththehingedorrigidcontrolsurface,theproposedflexiblebendingcontrolsurfacecansuppresstheflowseparationsoastoimprovetheturningperformance.Aprototypeoftheflexiblecontrolsurfacewasfabricated,inwhichShapeMemoryAlloy(SMA)wireswereselectedastheactuators.Theelasticenergystorageandexchangemechanismwasincorporatedintotheactuationofthecontrolsurfacetoimprovetheefficiency.ThermalanalysisofSMAwireswasperformedtofindproperactuatingcondition.Open-loopbendingexperimentswerecarriedout.Theresultsshowthattheproposedcontrolsurfacecanachievethemaximumbendingangleof104°.Moreover,thepowerandenergyconsumptionunderdifferentpulseconditionswerecompared.

简介：AbstractThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance attributed to the overuse and abuse of antibiotics severely endangers global biosafety. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) produced by various living organisms exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties with a low propensity to the resistance. However, the application of AMPs has been greatly limited owing to their poor stability, high manufacturing cost, and high cytotoxicity. Thus, AMP-mimetic antimicrobial cationic polymers with cationic and amphiphilic moieties have attracted considerable attention as antimicrobial agents. These polymers typically exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, negligible antimicrobial resistance, and rapid bactericidal effect. These polymers exhibit low hemolysis and cytotoxicity by optimizing their chemical structures. In this study, we summarize the design principles and current findings of antimicrobial cationic polymers and identify potential candidates for developing innovative polymeric antimicrobials.

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简介：Instrongsolarlight,siliconsolarpanelscanheatupby70℃and,thereby,looseapproximatelyonethirdoftheirefficiencyforelectricitygeneration.Leafstructuresofplantsontheotherhand,havedevelopedaseriesoftechnologicaladaptations,whichallowthemtolimittheirtemperatureto40-45℃infullsunlight,evenifwaterevaporationissuppressed.Thisisaccomplishedbyseveralstrategiessuchaslimitationofleafsize,optimizationofaerodynamicsinwind,limitationofabsorbedsolarenergyonlytotheusefulfractionofradiationandbyefficientthermalemission.Opticalandinfraredthermographicmeasurementsunderasolarsimulatorandinastreamingchannelwereusedtoinvestigatethecorrespondingpropertiesofleavesandtoidentifysuitablebionicmodelsystems.ExperimentsstartedwiththeserratedstructureofordinarygreenleavesdistributedovertypicaltwigstructuresandfinallyidentifiedtheAustralianpalmtreeLicualaramsayiasamoreusefulbionicmodel.Itcombinesalargeareaforsolarenergyharvestingwithoptimizedaerodynamicpropertiesforcoolingandisabletorestructureitselfasaprotectionagainststrongwinds.Thebionicmodels,whichwereconstructedandbuilt,areanalyzedanddiscussed.

简介：Exploringthehumanbrainisperhapsthemostchallengingandfascinatingscientificissueinthe21stcentury.Itwillfacilitatethedevelopmentofvariousaspectsofthesociety,includingeconomics,education,healthcare,nationaldefenseanddailylife.Theartificialintelligencetechniquesarebecomingusefulasanalternatemethodofclassicaltechniquesorasacomponentofanintegratedsystem.Theyareusedtosolvecomplicatedproblemsinvariousfieldsandbecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays.Especially,theinvestigationofhumanbrainwillpromotetheartificialintelligencetechniques,utilizingtheaccumulatingknowledgeofneuroscience,brain-machineinterfacetechniques,algorithmsofspikingneuralnetworksandneuromorphicsupercomputers.Consequently,weprovideacomprehensivesurveyoftheresearchandmotivationsforbrain-inspiredartificialintelligenceanditsengineeringoveritshistory.Thegoalsofthisworkaretoprovideabriefreviewoftheresearchassociatedwithbrain-inspiredartificialintelligenceanditsrelatedengineeringtechniques,andtomotivatefurtherworkbyelucidatingchallengesinthefieldwherenewresearchesarerequired.

简介：Basedonthequark-gluoncontentsofnucleonandstronglybelievingthattheforcemediators,PomeronanditscounterpartintheconventionalapproachofReggetheory,forhighenergydiffractiveprocesswouldbethetensorglueballandOdderonrespectively,wediscussphoto-productionofvectormesonφoffthedeuteronatenergylessthan3GeVintheQCDinspiredmodelinwhichthequarkgluondegreesoffreedomandglueball,Odderonexchangearetakenintoaccount.Acalculationisperformedforγ+D→φ+D,andthetheoreticalpredictionsofthedifferentialcrosssectiondσ~(γD))/dt,arepresentedandcomparedwithavailableexperimentaldata.OurQCDinspiredmodelreproducesdataquitewellinthewholerangeoftheexperimentalmeasurementsupto|t|■0.4GeV.Ourresultscanbeusedtoextractγn→φndata,whichcannotbemeasuredinexperiment.

简介：Anovelalgorithm,theImmuneQuantum-inspiredGeneticAlgorithm(IQGA),isproposedbyintroducingimmuneconceptsandmethodsintoQuantum-inspiredGeneticAlgorithm(QGA).WiththeconditionofpreservingQGA'sadvantages,IQGAutilizesthecharacteristicsandknowledgeinthependingproblemsforrestrainingtherepeatedandineffectiveoperationsduringevolution,soastoimprovethealgorithmefficiency.TheexperimentalresultsoftheknapsackproblemshowthattheperformanceofIQGAissuperiortotheConventionalGeneticAlgorithm(CGA),theImmuneGeneticAlgorithm(IGA)andQGA.

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简介：Thispaperdescribesacomputationalstudyofthehydrodynamicsofaray-inspiredunderwatervehicleconductedconcurrentlywithexperimentalmeasurements.High-resolutionstereo-videosofthevehicle’sfinmotionsduringsteadyswimmingareobtainedandusedasafoundationfordevelopingahighfidelitygeometricalmodeloftheoscillatoryfin.ACartesiangridbasedimmersedboundarysolverisusedtoexaminetheflowfieldsproducedduetothesecomplexartificialpectoralfinkinematics.SimulationsarecarriedoutatasmallerReynoldsnumberinordertoexaminethehydrodynamicperformanceandunderstandtheresultantwaketopology.Resultsshowthatthevehicle’sfinsexperiencelargespanwiseinflexionofthedistalpartaswellasmoderatechordwisepitchingduringtheoscillatorymotion.Mostthrustforceisgeneratedbythedistalpartofthefin,anditishighlycorrelatedwiththespanwiseinflexion.Twosetsofinter-connectedvortexringsareobservedinthewakerightbehindeachfin.Thosevortexringsinducestrongbackwardflowjetswhicharemainlyresponsibleforthefinthrustgeneration.

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