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简介：1.TheproblemTheterm'concussion'referstoacommonformoftraumaticbraininjury,whichtypicallyoccursafterabloworinjurytothehead.Ithasbeendescribedasa'complexpathophysiologicalprocessaffectingthebrain,inducedbybiomechanicalfactors',andshearforcesinducedbyrotationalaccelerationarebelievedtobetheprimarymechanismofinjuryinconcussion.~1TheincidenceofconcussionintheUKhasbeenshowntobeup

简介：AbstractPeriprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most difficult complication following total joint arthroplasty. Most of the etiological strains, accounting for over 98% of PJI, are bacterial species, with Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-negative staphylococci present in between 50% and 60% of all PJIs. Fungi, though rare, can also cause PJI in 1%—2% of cases and can be challenging to manage. The management of this uncommon but complex condition is challenging due to the absence of a consistent algorithm. Diagnosis of fungal PJI is difficult as isolation of the organisms by traditional culture may take a long time, and some of the culture-negative PJI can be caused by fungal organisms. In recent years, the introduction of next-generation sequencing has provided opportunity for isolation of the infective organisms in culture-negative PJI cases. The suggested treatment is based on consensus and includes operative and non-operative measures. Two-stage revision surgery is the most reliable surgical option for chronic PJI caused by fungi. Pharmacological therapy with antifungal agents is required for a long period of time with antibiotics and included to cover superinfections with bacterial species. The aim of this review article is to report the most up-to-date information on the diagnosis and treatment of fungal PJI with the intention of providing clear guidance to clinicians, researchers and surgeons.

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简介：ThechallengingconditionstoChina’ssteelindustrycurrentlyare:insufficiencyofnaturalresources,namelyironoreandcokingcoal,overcapacityofexistingfacilities,overconsumptionofenergyandheavyimpactonglobalenvironment.ThehealthydevelopmentofChina’ssteelindustrydependsonhowwecoulddealwiththesechallenges.

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简介：Background:Childrenspend70%oftheschooldaysittinginclass.Classroom-basedactivebreakscanbenefitchildren’sphysicalhealth,butifthebreaksarecognitivelydemanding(i.e.,combinephysicalexertionandmentalengagement),theymayalsoimprovefocusandcognitivefunctions.Teachersandstudentsplayacrucialroleinthesuccessfulimplementationofactivebreaks,andtheirperspectivesarecriticaltothefeasibilityofthesestrategies.Theaimofthisstudywastoassessthefeasibilityofimplementingacognitivelychallengingmotortaskasanactivebreakinmainstreamandspecialprimaryschools.Methods:Atotalof5teachersin2mainstreamschoolsand7teachersin1specialschool(attendedbychildrenwithneurodevelopmentaldisorders)attendeda20-mintrainingonhowtoimplementa4-mincognitivelychallengingactivebreak,beforeconductingafeasibilitytrial(twiceadayfor1week).Tounderstandindividualperceptions,one-on-onesemistructuredinterviewswereconductedbeforeandafterthetrialwithteachers,andfocusgroupinterviewswereconductedwithtypicallydevelopingchildrenafterthetrial.Questionswerebasedonapredefinedframeworkforfeasibilitystudies.Allinterviewswereaudiorecorded,transcribedandanalyzedinNVivo11usingaframeworkapproach.Atotalof12teachers(11females;7between20and34yearsold)and34children(16girls;9.3±1.7years,mean±SD)participatedintheinterviews.Results:Inmainstreamschools,teachersviewedthecognitivelychallengingmotortaskasappropriateandpotentiallybeneficialforchildren’shealthandfocus.Childrenreportedenjoyingtheactivebreaks.Teachersinspecialschoolsviewedthetaskascomplexandpotentiallyfrustratingforchildren.Inbothschooltypes,children’sdisruptivebehaviorandlackoftimewereseenasthemainpotentialbarrierstoimplementation.Theuseofmusic,videos,visualcards,andsupportstaffwerenotedaspotentialfacilitators.Conclusion:Thecognitivelychallen

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