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简介：Therecentrapiddevelopmentsintheautomobileindustryhavedemandedtheextensiveuseofgalvannealed(GA)steelsheets.Inparticular,thedevelopmentoflightweightautomobilesisputtingincreasinglyhigherrequirementsonthestrengthofGAsteelsheets.Thegalvannealfurnace,whichisusedforprocessinggalvannealedsteelsheets,istypicallycomposedoftheinductionheatingsection,holdingsectionandfogcoolingsection.Thispaperdescribedthestructuralcharacteristicsofeachcomponentofthegalvannealfurnace,andanalyzedtemperaturecontrolmethodsofthegalvannealfurnacethatareimportantforthesuccessfulproductionofhigh-strengthGAsteelsheetsforautomotiveapplications.

简介：Inordertoachieveawheelchairliftfunction,thispaperdesignsatri-scissorsmechanism.Throughtheso-calledH-typetransmissionandL-typeswingrod,thethreescissorsmechanismsliftinthesameratewithonlyonelinermotorwhileensuringthestabilityofthelift.FiniteelementanalysisinANSYSisperformedtoverifythematerialstrength.ThecontrolsystemwithSunplusSCMachievesthevoicecontrolofwheelchairwalkingandlifting.

简介：消费者们对容易腐烂的食物的质量给予越来越多的注意，它被存储温度主要影响。这份报纸在温度控制下面为容易腐烂的食物论述一个动态定价模型。为了最大化全部的利润，最佳的价格和存储，温度用Pontryagins最大的原则被获得。一个静态的定价模型被提供与动态的作比较。它被动态政策能比静态的使更多的收入成为的一个数字例子显示出。而且，经理的含意被分析，建议方法的有效性被表明。

简介：WiththerapiddevelopmentofhighdamprojectswithinChina,thedragon-drop-tailspillwaytunnelisintroducedandwidelyused.Inviewofthehighwaterheadandthelargeflowvelocityonthedragon-drop-tailsection,aeratordevicesareusuallyplacedforthecavitationdamagecontrol.Forthedeviceplacedinitsinitialposition,itisaseriousconcerntodesignasuitableflowregimeofthecavityandtocontrolthecavityfillingwaterduetothelargeflowdepthandthelowFroudenumberthroughthisaerator.Inthisstudy,therelationshipsbetweenthegeometriesoftheaeratordeviceandthejetimpactangleofthelowertrajectoryoftheflowaretheoreticallyanalyzedwith/withoutalocalslope.Ninetestcaseswithdifferentgeometriesaredesigned,theeffectivenessofthefillingwatercontrolisexperimentallyinvestigatedunderdifferentoperationconditions,andtwocriteriaofthelocalslopedesignareproposed.Itisconcludedthatthecavityflowregimeandthefillingwatercanbeimprovedifasmallimpactangleandsomesuitablegeometriesofthelocalslopearedesigned.

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简介：Nowadays,licenseplaterecognitionforparkingsystemsisacriticaltasktoprovideautomaticcontrolofcustomersandpayment.Thispaperintroducesanewmethodforautomaticrecognitionoflicenseplatesofvehiclesbymathematicalmorphology.Theproposedmethodcanprovidethelicenseplatenumberoftheplatesindifferentlightconditions,colors,sizes,andinclination(angles).ThealgorithmcanrecognizethelicenseplatesofEuropeanUnionvehiclesquicklyandcorrectly.Thepatternlearningofmathematicalskeletonshashighefficiencyintheprocess.Theperformanceofthealgorithmisdemonstratedwellbythetestinaparkingcontrolsystem.

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简介：Therandomphaseerrorsoftheopticalcarriersarediscussedandcontrolledforpassivemillimeter-wavesparseaperture(PMMWSA)upconversionimaging.Atwo-channelmodelissetupforanalyzingcharacteristicsofthephaseerrors,andanactiveopticalcontroltechniquebasedonstochasticparallelgradientdecentalgorithm(SPGDcontroller)isproposedtocalibratethephaseerrors.TodemonstratethefeasibilityoftheSPGDcontroller,simulationsareperformedandanexperimentalsystemwithatwo-channelfiberarrayissetup.SimulationandexperimentresultsshowthattheSPGDcontrollercaneffectivelyandrapidlycompensatethephaseerrorsoftheopticalcarrier,andtheaccuracyofthephasecontrolissufficientforimagingsystems.

简介：Animalflightandswimminghavelongbeenofgreatinteresttopeople.Besidescuriosityabouthowtheirsophisticatedaero-andhydrodynamicfeatsareperformed,researchesareveryinterestedinthemechanicsofanimalflightandswimmingforthefollowingtworeasons.Oneisthatbiologistsneedtounderstandtheeffectsofaero-andhydrodynamicforceproductionandenergyexpenditureonthephysiology,behavior,evolutionandotheraspectsoftheanimals.The

简介：Inthisstudy,theentiremitochondrialDNA(mtDNA)controlregion(CR)ofPholisfangiwasamplifiedviapolymerasechainreactionfollowedbydirectsequencing.ThelengthofthemtDNACRconsensussequenceofP.fangiwas853bpinlength.Inaccordancewiththerecognitionsitesaswerepreviouslyreportedinfishspecies,themtDNACRsequenceofP.fangicanbedividedinto3domains,i.e.,theextendedterminalassociatedsequence(ETAS),thecentralconservedsequenceblock(CSB),andtheCSBdomain.Inaddition,thefollowingstructureswereidentifiedinthemtDNACRsequenceofP.fangi:2ETASsintheETASdomain(TASandcTAS),6CSBsinthecentralCSBdomain(CSB-FtoCSB-A),and3CSBsintheCSBdomain(CSB-1toCSB-3).ThesedemonstratedthatthestructureofthemtDNACRofP.fangiwassubstantiallydifferentfromthoseofmostotherfishspecies.ThemtDNACRsequenceofP.fangicontainedoneconservedregionfrom656bpto815bp.Similartomostotherfishspecies,P.fangihasnotandemrepeatsequencesinitsmtDNACRsequence.PhylogeneticanalysisbasedonthecompletemtDNACRsequencesshowedthattherewerenogeneticdifferenceswithinP.fangipopulationsofthesamegeographicaloriginandbetweenP.fangipopulationsofdifferentgeographicalorigins.

简介：Therobustboundedflightcontrolschemeisdevelopedfortheuncertainlongitudinalflightdynamicsofthefighterwithcontrolinputsaturationinvokingthebacksteppingtechnique.Toenhancethedisturbancerejectionabilityoftherobustflightcontrolforfighters,theslidingmodedisturbanceobserverisdesignedtoestimatethecompoundeddisturbanceincludingtheunknownexternaldisturbanceandtheeffectofthecontrolinputsaturation.Basedonthebacksteppingtechniqueandthecompoundeddisturbanceestimatedoutput,therobustboundedflightcontrolschemeisproposedforthefighterwiththeunknownexternaldisturbanceandthecontrolinputsaturation.Theclosed-loopsystemstabilityunderthedevelopedrobustboundedflightcontrolschemeisrigorouslyprovedusingtheLyapunovmethodandtheuniformlyasymptoticalconvergencesofallclosed-loopsignalsareguaranteed.Finally,simulationresultsarepresentedtoshowtheeffectivenessoftheproposedrobustboundedflightcontrolschemefortheuncertainlongitudinalflightdynamicsofthefighter.

简介：InvehicularAd-hocnetwork(VANET),manymulti-hopbroadcastschemesareemployedtowidelypropagatethewarningmessagesamongvehiclesandthekeyistodynamicallydeterminetheoptimalrelayvehicleforretransmission.Inordertoachievereliableandfastdeliveryofwarningmessages,thispaperproposesadelay-awareandreliablebroadcastprotocol(DR-BP)basedontransmitpowercontroltechnique.First,acomprehensivemodelisderivedtoevaluatethetransmissioninvehicle-to-vehiclecommunications.Thismodelconsidersthewirelesschannelfading,transmissiondelayandretransmissionscharactersoccurringinthephysicallayer/mediumaccesscontrol(PHY/MAC)layer.Then,alocaloptimalrelayselectionmechanismbasedontheabovemodelisdesigned.InDR-BPscheme,onlythevehicleselectedastheoptimalrelayscanforwardwarningmessagesandthetransmitpoweristime-varying.Finally,extensivesimulationsverifytheperformanceofDR-BPunderdifferenttrafficscenarios.SimulationresultsshowthatDR-BPoutperformsthetraditionalslotted1-persistence(S1P)andfloodingschemeintermsofpacketsdeliveryratioandtransmissiondelay.

简介：Duetotheexistenceofspatialwalk-offand/orgroup-velocitymismatcheffects,pump-to-signalphasetransferbecomesinevitableduringparametricamplification.Weexperimentallydemonstratethatinhybridseededopticalparametricamplifiers(OPAs)thatincludetwoOPAstagesseededbythesignalandidlerwaves,respectively,thephaseoftheoutputsignalcanberestoredtoitsinitialvalue,althoughtherearespatialandtemporalphasefluctuationsonthepumpsource.Thismethodsignificantlyrelaxestherequirementforhighpumpbeamquality,whichisalwaysverystringentinparametricamplificationsystems.Withtheintroductionofthisschemeintobirefringentphase-matchingOPAsorchirped-pulseOPAs,itshouldbepromisingtoachieveintensefemtosecondlaserpulsesthatareclosetothediffractionlimitinspaceandultra-highcontrastintime,simultaneously.

简介：Withtheincreasingpenetrationofrenewableenergysourceswithawiderangeofoperatingconditionscausingpowersystemuncertainties,conventionalcontrollersareincapableofprovidingproperperformancetokeepthesystemstable.However,controllableordispatchableloadssuchaselectricvehicles(EVs)andheatpumps(HPs)canbeutilizedforsupplementaryfrequencycontrol.Thispapershowstheabilityofplug-inhybridEVs,HPs,andbatteries(BTs)tocontributeinthefrequencycontrolofanisolatedpowersystem.Moreover,weproposeanewonlineintelligentapproachbyusingacoefficientdiagrammethod(CDM)toenhancethesystemperformanceandrobustnessagainstuncertainties.TheperformanceoftheproposedintelligentCDMcontrolhasbeencomparedwiththeproportional-integral(PI)controllerandthesuperiorityoftheproposedschemehasbeenverifiedinMatlab/Simulinkprograms.

简介：ChinaandtheU.S.havemadesomeprogressindealingwithillicitdrugthreat.Theircooperation,however,hasnotalwaysbeensmooth.Thetwosidesneedtoimprovemutualtrusts,increaseanti-druglawenforcementcooperationandpushforaninternationalinformationsharingsystemtostopdrugstrafficking.

简介：Thispaperinvestigatestheproblemofglobaloutputfeedbackstabilizationforaclassoffeedforwardnonlinearsystemsvialinearsampled-datacontrol.Tosolvetheproblem,wefirstconstructalinearsampled-dataobserverandcontroller.Then,ascalinggainisintroducedintotheproposedobserverandcontroller.Finally,weusethesampled-dataoutputfeedbackdominationapproachtofindtheexplicitformulaforchoosingthescalinggainandthesamplingperiodwhichrenderstheclosed-loopsystemgloballyasymptoticallystable.Asimulationexampleisgiventodemonstratetheeffectivenessoftheproposeddesignprocedure.

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简介：Thispaperstudiestheconsensusproblemofmulti-agentsystemsinwhichallagentsaremodeledbyagenerallinearsystem.Theauthorsconsiderthecasewhereonlytherelativeoutputfeedbackbetweentheneighboringagentscanbemeasured.Tosolvetheconsensusproblem,theauthorsfirstconstructastaticrelativeoutputfeedbackcontrolundersomemildconstraintsonthesystemmodel.Thentheauthorsuseanobserverbasedapproachtodesignadynamicrelativeoutputfeedbackcontrol.Iftheadjacentgraphofthesystemisundirectedandconnectedordirectedwithaspanningtree,withtheproposedcontrollaws,theconsensuscanbeachieved.Theauthorsnotethatwiththeobserverbasedapproach,someinformationexchangebetweentheagentsisneededunlesstheassociatedadjacentgraphiscompletelyconnected.