简介：TheimpactofpHchangesonmicrobialbiomasscarbon(Cmic)andmicrobialbiomassphosphorus(Pmic)wereexaminedfor3redsoilsundercitrusproductionwithdifferentlengthsofcultivation.SoilpHsignificantlyaffectedCmicandPmic.TheCmicandPmicchanges,asafunctionofsoilpH,appearedtofollowanormaldistributionwiththeoriginalsoilpHvalueattheapexandaspHincreasedordecreasedcomparedtotheoriginalsoilpH,CmicandPmicdeclined.Moreover,therewerecriticalpHvaluesatbothextremes(3.0ontheacidicsideand8.0to8.5onthealkalineside),beyondwhichmostofmicroorganismscouldneversurvive.TheeffectofpHonCmicandPmicwasalsorelatedtotheoriginalsoilpH.ThehighertheoriginalsoilpHwas,thelessCmicorPmicwereaffectedbypHchange.ItissuggestedthatsoilmicroorganismsthatgrowinasoilenvironmentwithamoreneutralsoilpHrange(I.e.pH5.5-7.5)mayhaveagreatertolerancetopHchangesthanthosegrowinginmoreacidicormorealkalinesoilpHconditions.

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简介：Astrainofyeast,whichcanendurehighosmoticpressure,isemployedforthesensitivematerialofthemicrobialBODsensor.Twoimmobilizationmethodsareused,I.e.CalciumalginategelbeadsandPVAgelbeads.TheresultsshowthatthePVAgelbeadsisbetter.TheinfluencesofosmosisandheavymetalionsontheyeastentrappedinthePVAgelbeadsarealsostudiedintheexperiment.

简介：Anincubationstudywasperformedtoelucidateexogenousrareearthelements(RE)influencingonmicrobialbiomass,microbialecophysiologicalparameterscmic/corg,metabolicquotientqCO2andrespiratoryrateinrelationtotemporalavailabilityinpaddysoil.Sixsampleswereaddeddifferentconcentrationsbetween0and2000mg*kg-1REEsinsoil.ResultsshowthatexogenousREhaveslightstimulativeeffectsonmicrobialindicesinpaddysoilatlowconcentrationintheearlystageafteraddingRE,whilehavinginhibitoryeffectsathighconcentration.TheinhibitionisstrengthenedwithincreasingREconcentrationandisweakenedwithincreasingincubationtime.PrincipalcomponentanalysisoftheBIOLOGdataindicatesthatmicrobialcommunitystructureshavechanged,carbonsourcesconsumptionofmicroorganismsinpaddysoilbecomesmuchmorerapidafter8weeks,andunderREstress,thechangeofmicrobialcommunitystructuresisalong-termeffect.

简介：Thisstudywasdesignedtounderstandtheimpactofmethylbromide(MB)(CH3Br)anditsalternativesonbothfree-livingandroot-knotnematodesinthesoil.Arandomizedcompleteblockexperimentwithsixtreatmentsand4replicates(eachreplicateinaseparategreenhouse)wasestablishedinQingzhou,ShandongProvince,China.InadditiontoMBanduntreatedcontrol(CK)treatmentstherewerefouralternativesoilfumigationpracticesincludingMB+virtuallyimpermeablefilms(VIF),metamsodium(MS),MS+VIFandsoilsolarizationcombinedwithselectedbiologicalcontrolagents(SS+BCA).Twotomato(LycopersicumesculentumMill.)cultivars,cv.Maofen-802fromtheXianInstituteofVegetableScience,China,andcv.AF179BrillantefromtheIsraeliHazeraQualitySeeds,wereselectedastestcrops.TheresultsindicatedthatRhabditidaewasthemostdominantpopulationwithpercentageabundanceashighas85%ofthetotalnumberofidentifiedfree-livingnematodes,followedbythatofCephalobidae.Methylbromideanditsalternativesexceptforthenon-chemicalSS+BCAtreatmentcontrolledthetargetpest,root-knotnematodes.Also,theimpactofthethreechemicalalternativesonfree-livingnematodenumberandfunctionalgroupabundancewassimilartotheimpactassociatedwithatypicalmethylbromideapplication.Chemicalfumigationpractices,especiallythatwithMB,significantlyreducedthenumberofnematodesinthesoilandsimultaneouslysignificantlyreducedthenumberofnematodegeneratherebyreducingnematodediversity.Allthefoursoilchemicalfumigationactivitiesdecreasedsoilmicrobialbiomassandhadanobviousinitialimpactonmicroorganismbiomass.Furthermore,bothplant-parasiticandfungivorenematodeswerepositivelycorrelatedwithsoilmicrobialbiomass.

简介：Alaboratoryincubationexperimentwasconductedtostudytheinfluenceofcadmium(Cd),lead(Pb)andzinc(Zn)onthesizeofthemicrobialbiomassinredsoil.Allthethreemetalswereapplied,separately,atfivedifferentlevelsthatwere:Cdat5,15,30,60,and100μgg^-1;Pbat100,200,300,450and600μgg^-1andZnat50,100,150,200and250μgg^-1soil,InComparisontouncaontaminatedsoil,themicrobialbiomasscarbonandbiomassnitrogendecreasedsharplyinsoilscontaminatedwithCd,PbandZn,AmoreconsiderableincreaseinthemicrobialbiomassC:Nratiowasobservedinthemetalcontaminatedsoilsthanthenon-treatedcontrol.Amongthetestedmetals,CddisplayedthegreatestbiocidaleffectfollowedbyZnandPb,showintheirrelativetoxicityintheorderofCd>Zn>Pb.

简介：PhyllostachyspraecoxC.D.ChuetC.S.Chao,afavoredbambooshootspecies,hasbeenwidelyplantedinrecentyears.Fourstandswithdifferenthistoricalmanagementpracticeswereselectedforthisstudytounderstandtheevolutionofsoilmicrobialecologybydeterminingtheeffectsofanewmulchingandheavyfertilizationpracticeonsoilqualityusingmicrobiologicalparameters.Comparedwiththetraditionalpractice(index1),microbialbiomasscarbon(MBC)andsoilmicrobialrespirationcarbon(MRC)withthenewmanagementpracticesignificantlydecreased(P＜0.01andP＜0.05,respectively)with1-2yearsofmulching(index2)andthenforcontinuedmulchingsignificantlyincreased(P＜0.05).TheratiosofMBC/TOC(totalorganiccarbon)andMRC/TOCalsosignificantlydiminished(P＜0.05)withmulching.Theaveragewellcolordevelopment(AWCD)andShannonindexdecreasedwithmulchingtime,andthesignificantdecrease(P＜0.05)inShannonindexoccurredfromindex2toindex3.Theresultsfromaprincipalcomponentsanalysis(PCA)showedthatthescoresofthefirstprincipalcomponentforindexes1and2weresignificantlylarger(P＜0.05)thansoilsmulched3-4yearsor5-6years.Also,thesecondprincipalcomponentscoresforindex1werelargerthanthoseforindex2,suggestingthattheabilityofsoilmicroorganismstoutilizesoilcarbonwasdecreasingwithlongeruseofthenewmanagementpracticeandcausingadeteriorationofsoilbiologicalproperties.

简介：Inordertoinvestigatetheeffectsofmicroorganismsandtheirureaseactivitiesinmacrophyticrootzonesonpollutantremoval,foursmall-scaleplots(SSPs)ofvertical/reverse-verticalflowwetlandsweresetuptodetermine:a)therelationshipbetweentheabundanceofmicroorganismsintherootzonesandwaterpurificationefficiency;andb)therelationshipbetweenureaseactivitiesintherootzonesandpollutantremovalinaconstructedwetlandsystem.Totalnumbersofthemicrobialpopulation(bacteria,fungi,andactinomyces)alongwithureaseactivitiesinthemacrophyticrootzonesweredetermined.Inaddition,therelationshipsbetweenmicrobialpopulationsandureaseactivitiesaswellasthewastewaterpurificationefficienciesoftotalphosphorus(TP),totalKjeldahlnitrogen(TKN),biochemicaloxygendemandin5days(BOD5),andchemicaloxygendemand(COD)werealsoanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthattherewasahighlysignificantpositivecorrelation(r=0.9772,P＜0.01)betweenthenumberofbacteriaintherootzonesandBOD5removalefficiencyandasignificantnegativecorrelation(r=-0.9092,P＜0.05)betweenthenumberoffungiandtheremovalefficiencyofTKN.Meanwhile,therewasasignificantpositivecorrelation(r--0.8830,P＜0.05)betweenureaseactivitiesintherootzonesandtheremovalefficiencyofTKN.Thus,duringwastewatertreatmentinaconstructedwetlandsystem,microorganismandureaseactivitiesintherootzoneswereveryimportantfactors.

简介：InordertostudytheinfluenceofdifferenceinC2H2concentrationontheproductionofCO2,N2O,NH4-Nandvolatilefattyacids(VFA).soilslurrieswithagradientinC2H2concentrationwereanaerobicallyincubatedat25℃for2weeks.Acetate,butyrateandCO2productionandNH4-NaccumulationwereinhibitedintheslurresinthepresenceofC2H2;andtheinhibitioneffectincreasedwithincreasingC2H2from0to20kPaintheheadspacegasoftheincubationbottle.However,N2O,isobutyrateandpropionateproductionwasnotobviouslydifferentamongtheslurresamendedwithC2H2from2.5to20kPa.Therefore,theresultsimpliedthattheC2H2didnotpromotetheinhibitionbutonlyincreasedthesideeffectonothermicrobialprocesses.TheC2H2of2.5kPawassuggestedtobetheoptimumchoiceforthepresentdenitrificationstudy.

简介：这篇论文在污水处理和絮凝率上处理了在微生物引起的凝聚剂(MBF)的效果之间的非并行，高絮凝率doesn“t平均数好处理有效性，并且揭示了遇到的问题什么时候独占的参数—絮凝率被用来在污水处理上评估MBF的效果。Theresults证明用不同的碳来源做的MBF在污水处理的有效性上有一些影响；絮凝率不能确实地反映污水处理的地位。什么时候独占的参数—絮凝率被用来在污水处理上评估MBF的效果，它将被夸大，特别在处理货到付款低的污水。作者认为当絮凝率被用来在污水处理上评估MBF的效果时，考虑货到付款移动率更好。

简介：Bothenantiomersofdenopamineweresynthesizedusingmicrobial-chemicalapproachviabioreductionof1-(acetoxyphenyl)ketone4(R=CH2C1)and5(R=CO2Et)withfungusGeotrichumsp.G38.

简介：Thechloroformfumigation-incubationmethowasusedtomeasurthesoilmicrobialbiomassC(SMBC)andN(SMBN)in16loessialsoilssampledfromAnsai,YongshouandYanglinginShaanxiProvince.TheSMBContentsinthesoilsrangedfrom75.9to301.0μgCg^-1withanaverageof206.μgCg^-1,accountingfor1.36%-6.24%ofthetotalsoilorganicCwithanaverageof3.07%,andtheSMBNcontentsfrom0.51to68.40μgNg^-1withanaverageof29.4μgNg^-1,accountingfor0.20%-5.65%ofthetotalNinthesoilswithanaverageof3.36%.AcloserelationshipwasfoundbetweenSMBCandSMBN,andtheybothwerepositivelycorrelatedwithtotalorganicC,totalN,NaOHhydrolizableNandmineralizableN.Theseresultsconfirmedthasoilmicrobialbiomasshadacomparativeroleinnutrientcyclesofsoils.

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