简介：Amicrobialinoculant,knownaseffectivemicroorganisms(EM),wasappliedtodetermineitsefficacyonseedgerminationandseedlinggrowthinthenurseryofAcaciaauriculiformisACunn.exBenth.Theseedlingsweregrowninamixtureofsandysoilandcowdung(3:1)andkeptinpolybags;EMwaspouredatdifferentconcentrations(0.1%,0.5%,1%,2%,5%and10%).Seedgerminationrateandgrowthparametersofseedlings–shootandrootlengths,freshanddryweightsofshootsandroots,vigor,volume,andqualityindicesandsturdiness–weremeasured.ThenodulationstatusinfluencedbyEMwasalsoobserved,alongwiththemeasurementofpigmentcontentsinleaves.Thehighestgerminationrate(72%)wasobservedin2%EMsolutionwhilethelowest(55%)wasfoundincontroltreatment.Thehighestshootandrootlengths(30.6cmand31.2cmrespectively)wererecordedin2%EMandweresignificantly(p<0.05)differentfromcontrol.Bothfreshanddryweightsofshootsweremaximum(8.66gand2.99grespectively)in2%EM,whereasbothfreshanddryweightsofrootweremaximum(2.56gand1.23grespectively)in5%EMsolution.Althoughthehighestvigorindex,volumeindex,andsturdiness(4450,628and67.5respectively)werefoundin2%EM,thehighestqualityindex(0.455)wasfoundin5%EMsolution.Thenodulenumberwashigherataverylow(0.5%)concentrationofEMbutitnormallydecreasedwiththeincreaseofconcentration.Thecontentsofchlorophylla,chlorophyllb,andcarotenoidweremaximum(43.26mg?L-1,13.56mg?L-1and17.99mg?L-1respectively)in2%EM.Therefore,lowconcentrationofEM(upto2%)canberecommendedforgettingmaximumseedgerminationandseedlingdevelopmentofA.auriculiformisinthenursery.

简介：Thedynamicmicrocosmswereusedtoevaluatetheeffectofoilspillsonmicrobialecologicalsysteminmarinesedimentandtheenhancementofnutrientontheoilremoval.ThefunctionandstructureofmicrobialcommunitycausedbytheoilpollutionandphosphatedosageweresimultaneouslymonitoredbydehydrogenaseactivityassayandPCR-denaturinggradientgelelectrophoresis(DGGE)techniques.Theresultsindicatedthattheamountoftotalbacteriainalldynamicmicrocosmsdeclinedrapidlywithincubationtime.Thenumberofpetroleum-degradingbacteriaandtheactivityofsedimentdehydrogenaseweregraduallyenhancedbypetroleumintheoil-treatedmicrocosms,whiletheybothshowednoobviousresponsetophosphatedosage.Incomparison,phosphatespikedheterotrophicbacteriaandtheyshowedasignificantincreaseinamount.DGGEprofilesindicatedthatpetroleumdosagegreatlychangedcommunitystructure,andthebacteriabelongedtoclassDeltaproteobacteria,andphylaBacteroidetesandChlorobiwereenriched.Thisstudydemonstratedthatpetroleuminputgreatlyimpactedthemicrobialcommunitystructureandconsequentlythemarinesedimentpetroleum-degradingactivitywasenhanced.Phosphatedosagewouldmultiplyheterotrophicbacteriabutnotsignificantlyenhancethepetroleumdegradation.

简介：<正>Salinityisanimportantfactorcontrollingthemicrobialdistributioninlakes.Howeverlittleisknownabouthowmicrobialcommunitiesevolveinresponsetosalinityvariation.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedthemicrobial

简介：An80-dincubationexperimentwasconductedtoinvestigatestrawdecomposition,theprimingeffectandmicrobialcharacteristicsinanon-fertilizedsoil(soil1)andalong-termorganicmanure-fertilizedsoil(soil2)withandwithout13C-labeledmaizestrawamendmentunderdifferentmoisturelevels.Thesoil2showedamarkedlyhigherprimingeffect,microbialbiomassC(Cmic),andβ-glucosidaseactivity,andmoreabundantpopulationsofbacteriaandfungithanthesoil1.Also,soilCO2emission,Cmic,β-glucosidaseactivity,andbacterialandfungalpopulationsizesweresubstantiallyenhancedbystrawamendment.Inthepresenceofstraw,theamountofstrawmineralizationandassimilationbymicrobesinthesoilat55%ofwaterholdingcapacity(WHC)weresignificantlyhigherby31%and17%,respectively,comparedtothoseat25%ofWHC.Incontrast,β-glucosidaseactivityandfungalpopulationsizewerebothenhancedasthemoisturecontentdecreased.Cmicdecreasedasstrawavailabilitydecreased,whichwasmainlyattributedtothereductionofstraw-derivedCmic.Amendedsoils,excepttheamendedsoil2at25%ofWHC,hadamoreabundantfungalpopulationasstrawavailabilitydecreased,indicatingthatfungaldecomposabilityofaddedstrawwasindependentofstrawavailability.Non-metricmultidimensionalscalinganalysisbasedonfungaldenaturedgradientgelelectrophoresisbandpatternsshowedthatshiftsinthefungalcommunitystructureoccurredaswaterandstrawavailabilityvaried.Theresultsindirectlysuggestthatsoilfungiareabletoadjusttheirdegradationactivitytowaterandstrawavailabilitybyregulatingtheircommunitystructure.

简介：Cathodeactivityplaysanimportantroleintheimprovementofthemicrobialfuelcellsonoceanfloor(BMFCs).AcomparisonstudybetweenRayon-based(CF-R)andPAN-basedcarbonfiber(CF-P)cathodesisconductedinthepaper.Thetwocarbonfiberswereheattreatedtoimprovecellperformance(CF-R-H&CF-P-H),andwereusedtobuildanewBMFCsstructurewithafoamycarbonanode.Themaximumpowerdensitywas112.42mWm-forCF-R-H,followedby66.6mWm-2forCF-R,49.7mWm-2forCF-P-Hand21.6mWm-2forCF-Prespectively.ThehigherspecificareaanddeepgroovemakeCF-RhaveabetterpoweroutputthanwithCF-P.Meanwhile,heattreatmentofcarbonfibercanimprovecellpower,nearlytwo-foldhigherthanheattreatmentofplainfiber.Thisimprovementmaybeduetothequinonesgroupformationtoacceleratethereductionofoxygenandelectrontransferonthefibersurfaceinthethreephaseboundaryafterheattreatment.ComparedtoPAN-basedcarbonfiber,Rayon-basedcarbonfiberwouldbepreferentiallyselectedascathodeinnovelBMFCsdesignduetoitshighsurfacearea,lowcostandhigherpower.Thecomparisonresearchissignificantforcathodematerialselectionandcelldesign.

简介：Inthisresearch,thedegradationofdibenzothiophene(DBT)wasinvestigatedbyusingPseudomonassp.LKY-5isolatedfromoilcontaminatedsoil.Theresponsesurfacemethodology(RSM)basedontheBox-Behnkendesign(BBD)wasappliedforevaluatingtheinteractiveeffectsoffourindependentvariablesincludingsubstrateconcentration,temperature,pHandagitationrateontheDBTremovalresponse.Atotalof29experimentsforfourfactorsatthreelevelswereconductedinpresentstudy.Asecond-orderregressionmodelwasthendeveloped,andtheanalysisofvariance(ANOVA)illustratedthattheproposedquadraticmodelcouldbeutilizedtonavigatethedesignspace.Thevalueofdeterminationcoefficient(R2=0.9534)indicatedasatisfactoryagreementbetweenthequadraticmodelandtheexperimentaldata.ItwasfoundthatDBTremovalwasmoresignificantlyaffected(P<0.0001)bysubstrateconcentrationcomparedwithotherthreeparameters.An100%degradationofDBTcouldbeobtainedbyPseudomonassp.LKY-5atasubstrateconcentrationof100mg/L.

简介：巨噬细胞(目的)的Apoptosis禁止者，人的Spα的一个相当或相同事物；，是一只老鼠scavenger受体的可溶的成员充满半胱氨酸的总科(SRCR-SF)。这个家庭集成没有统一功能还为被描述了的天生、适应的有免疫力的房间表示的一组蛋白质。多种的功能被归功于瞄准，从在在到在自体免疫的病理的类脂化合物新陈代谢和反煽动性的效果的thymic选择期间的淋巴细胞的生存能力支持。在现在的报告，目的病原体绑定性质被探索了。由使用在哺乳动物的细胞表示的目的(rAIM)的一种recombinant形式，这蛋白质能绑并且聚集克积极、克否定的细菌，以及病原、腐生的真菌的种类，这被显示出。重要地，浆液也绑在目的微生物和分泌物的从老鼠的内长的目的很快在跟随暴露到保存微生物引起的房间墙部件的老鼠怒气巨噬细胞被导致。老鼠splenocytes上的ligands也是的著名细菌、真菌的像使用费的受体(TLR)导致的Cytokine版本面对rAIM禁止了。而且，联系病原体的分子的模式(PAMP)的老鼠模型导致了腐败细菌、真菌的起源的吃惊证明浆液目的层次以一种时间依赖者方式变化了。总的来说，这些数据建议那个目的由在病原体侵略期间支持天生的体液的防卫起一个一般homeostatic作用。