Thedynamicmicrocosmswereusedtoevaluatetheeffectofoilspillsonmicrobialecologicalsysteminmarinesedimentandtheenhancementofnutrientontheoilremoval.ThefunctionandstructureofmicrobialcommunitycausedbytheoilpollutionandphosphatedosageweresimultaneouslymonitoredbydehydrogenaseactivityassayandPCR-denaturinggradientgelelectrophoresis(DGGE)techniques.Theresultsindicatedthattheamountoftotalbacteriainalldynamicmicrocosmsdeclinedrapidlywithincubationtime.Thenumberofpetroleum-degradingbacteriaandtheactivityofsedimentdehydrogenaseweregraduallyenhancedbypetroleumintheoil-treatedmicrocosms,whiletheybothshowednoobviousresponsetophosphatedosage.Incomparison,phosphatespikedheterotrophicbacteriaandtheyshowedasignificantincreaseinamount.DGGEprofilesindicatedthatpetroleumdosagegreatlychangedcommunitystructure,andthebacteriabelongedtoclassDeltaproteobacteria,andphylaBacteroidetesandChlorobiwereenriched.Thisstudydemonstratedthatpetroleuminputgreatlyimpactedthemicrobialcommunitystructureandconsequentlythemarinesedimentpetroleum-degradingactivitywasenhanced.Phosphatedosagewouldmultiplyheterotrophicbacteriabutnotsignificantlyenhancethepetroleumdegradation.
