简介：AbstractDuring the past decades, early fetal ultrasound and diagnosis have increasingly gained attention in pregnancy care with the development of high-frequency transducers, which make it possible to obtain detailed images of the early fetus and its organs, and thus move part of the anatomy and anomaly scan from the second to the first-trimester. By transabdominal sonography or transvaginal sonography, or a combination of both approaches, it is now able to diagnose a wide variety of fetal abnormalities at 11-13+6 weeks.

简介：鉴于在医药图象的固有的点缀噪音，一个点缀减小方法基于一个期望最大化他们框架被建议。首先，in-phase/quadratureI/Q超声图象的真实部件被提取。然后，盲目地估计点散布了成像系统的函数PSF被用来。基于他们框架，最后，在维纳过滤器和各向异性的散开广告之间轮流出现的一个反复的算法被利用生产despeckled图象。比较实验被执行在上模仿并且在vivo超声图象。关于I/Q图象，建议方法平均由1.94和7.52的因素改进speckle-signal-to-noise比率S-SNR和图象的边保藏索引，这被显示出。同时，它平均由3.95的因素减少规范的摆平平均数的错误NMSE。模拟并且在vivo结果显示建议方法比退出的有更好全面的表演。

简介：在医药Doppler超声系统，是的一个高通行证的过滤器通常采用了过滤墙喧嚷部件，将移开未经触动的Doppler超声血表明的低速度血flow.To摘录的信息，一条新奇途径基于空间地选择的噪音过滤被建议。墙信号被空间地选择的噪音过滤第一从小浪估计空间关联性质。然后，墙喧嚷被降噪消除剩余血流动信号的技术的小浪阀值确切获得。最后，未经触动的血流动信号被从混合信号减去墙信号完成。这条途径被用于模仿的计算机并且在vivo颈动脉Doppler超声信号。实验结果证明基于的小浪空间来临能确切提取血流动信号，并且比高通行证的过滤的在吝啬的绝对错误完成大约45%更低的结果。这条途径被期望是一个有效方法在Doppler超声系统移开墙喧嚷。

简介：Acoherence-basedcorrectionmethodwasproposedinordertoimprovethelateralresolutionandenhancethecontrastofmedicalultrasoundimaginginthepresenceofphaseaberration.Theaveragedcoherencefactorwasproposedatfirstandusedasametrictoevaluatephaseaberrationcorrection.Bymaximizingtheaveragedcoherencefactor,thetimedelayparameterofeachchannelwasadjusted.AnewsetofcoherencefactorswascalculatedandthecorrecteddatawasoptimizedtoformthefinalB-modeimage.Thesimulationsonpointtargetsandacystphantomshowedthattheproposedmethodoutperformedthenearestneighboringcrosscorrelationmethodandconventionalcoherence-weightingmethod,andthelateralresolutionandcontrastratiowasimprovedbyapproximately0.24mmand18dBrespectively.Theproposedmethodcombinedtheadvantagesofphaseerrorcorrectionandcoherence-weighting,whichcouldimproveimagingqualitieseffectivelyinmedicalultrasound.

简介：AbstractPreterm birth (PTB) is defined as delivery before completing 37 weeks of gestation. It is the main cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the most countries. The inherent cervical length and strength are two main features of the cervix that determine whether or not a pregnant woman is at risk for PTB. Routine transvaginal cervical length screening was recommended for women with singleton pregnancy and history of prior spontaneous PTB, while the issue of universal cervical length screening and the screening in multiple gestations remain an object of debate. Strain sonoelastography and shear-wave sonoelastography have been used to evaluate the cervical stiffness in pregnant women, but the predictive value for PTB still requires further investigations. In this review, we will discuss the measurement methods of cervical length and cervical stiffness, and compare the value of cervical assessment by transvaginal ultrasound for predicting PTB in asymptomatic women.

简介：AbstractPurpose:To establish a severe blast lung injury model of goats and investigate the feasibility of lung ultrasonic score in the evaluation of blast lung injury.Methods:Twenty female healthy goats were randomly divided into three groups by different driving pressures: 4.0 MPa group (n = 4), 4.5 MPa group (n = 12) and 5.0 MPa group (n = 4). The severe blast lung injury model of goats was established using a BST-I bio-shock tube. Vital signs (respiration, heart rate and blood pressure), lung ultrasound score (LUS), PO2/FiO2 and extravascular lung water (EVLW) were measured before injury (0 h) and at 0.5 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h after injury. Computed tomography scan was performed before injury (0 h) and at 12 h after injury for dynamic monitoring of blast lung injury and measurement of lung volume. The correlation of LUS with PaO2/FiO2, EVLW, and lung injury ratio (lesion volume/total lung volume*100%) was analyzed. All animals were sacrificed at 12 h after injury for gross observation of lung injury and histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS 22.0 software. The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The means of two samples were compared using independent-sample t-test. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted.Results:(1) At 12 h after injury, the mortality of goats was 0, 41.67% and 100% in the 4.0 Mpa, 4.5 MPa and 5.0 MPa groups, respectively; the area of pulmonary hemorrhage was 20.00% ± 13.14% in the 4.0 Mpa group and 42.14% ± 15.33% in the 4.5 MPa group. A severe lung shock injury model was established under the driving pressure of 4.5 MPa. (2) The respiratory rate, heart rate, LUS and EVLW were significantly increased, while PaO2/FiO2 was significantly reduced immediately after injury, and then they gradually recovered and became stabilized at 3 h after injury. (3) LUS was positively correlated with EVLW (3 h: r = 0.597, 6 h: r = 0.698, 9 h: r = 0.729; p < 0.05) and lung injury ratio (12 h: r= 0.884, p < 0.05), negatively correlated with PaO2/FiO2 (3 h: r =－0.871, 6 h: r =－0.637, 9 h: r =－0.658; p < 0.05).Conclusion:We established a severe blast lung injury model of goats using the BST-I bio-shock tube under the driving pressure of 4.5 MPa and confirmed that ultrasound can be used for quick evaluation and dynamic monitoring of blast lung injury.

简介：AbstractObjective:To build a reference fetal growth chart for the Chinese population based on fetal ultrasound measurements.Methods:This was a multicenter, population-based retrospective cohort study. Longitudinal ultrasound measurement data were collected from 24 hospitals in 18 provinces of China from 1st September through 31st October of 2019. The estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated based on head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length using Hadlock formula 3. Fetal growth curves were estimated using a two-level linear regression model with cubic splines. All participants were divided into two groups: the northern group (n = 5829) and the southern group (n = 3246) based on the geographical division of China and male fetus group (n = 4775) and female fetus group (n = 4300) based on fetal gender. The EFW was compared by fetal gender and geographical group. All statistical models were adjusted for maternal sociodemographic characteristics.Results:A total of 9075 participants with 31,700 ultrasound measurement records were included in this study. Male fetuses demonstrated significantly larger EFW compared to female ones starting at 16 weeks of gestation and extending to delivery (global test P < 0.01). The overall geographic difference in EFW was significant (global test P = 0.03), and week-specific comparisons showed that the northern group had a greater EFW starting at 15 weeks of gestation and extending to 29 weeks of gestation, although this difference did not extend to the time of delivery. The Z-score of EFW confirmed that our Chinese fetal growth charts differed from previously published standards.Conclusion:This study provides EFW and ultrasound biometric reference measurements for Chinese fetuses and reveals differences from other fetal growth charts. The chart is worth promoting in more regions of China but should be tested prudently before use.

简介：Thispaperpresentsaflexibleandhighspeeddigitalscanconverter(DSC)withtheabilitytohandlehighfrequencyultrasoundimaginginreal-time.Thecharacteristicsinimagingsystemsuchasfocuslengthoftransducer,theswingradiusandsamplinglengthetc.couldbechangedeasilyincompliancewiththeresearcher'sapplicationbasedonthisflexibledigitalscanconverter.Linearinterpolationisemployedtoachievethecoordinatetransformationsalgorithm.Custom-builtsoftwareisprogrammedtopreliminarilyhandlethealgorithmaccordingtodifferentultrasoundimagingapplications.HighperformanceFPGAwillimplementhighspeedinterpolationcalculationbasedonthepreliminarydatawhicharestoredintheDDR2SDRAMfromthesoftware.64bit66MHzPCIisemployedtoaccomplishhighspeeddatatransmission.Experimenthasshownthatmorethan500frameratecouldbeachievedbasedonthishighspeeddigitalscanconverter.ThedesignedflexibleandhighspeeddigitalscanconvertercouldbeusedincurrentFPGAbasedhighfrequencyultrasoundimagingsystem.

简介：Low-intensityfocusedultrasoundstimulation(FUS),whichpossesseshighspatialresolutionandpenetrationdepth,hasbeendevelopingrapidlyfornoninvasivebrainneuromodulationinrecentyears.Inthisletter,alow-intensityFUSsystemwasdevelopedfornoninvasivebrainneuromodulationinvivo.Theradiusofultrasonicfocalspotwasquantitativelycalculatedintheorytoevaluatethespatialresolution.Thelocalfieldpotential(LFP)ofrathippocompuswererecordedbeforeandafterFUS.TheeffectofFUSonLFPpowerspectrumwasinvestigatedbycomputingtheLFPmeanabsolutepowerandrelativepowerwithWelchalgorithm.TheexperimentresultsshowthatnoninvasiveFUScanenhanceLFPmeanabsolutepowerandaltertheLFPrelativepoweratdifferentfrequencybands.TheresultsindicatethatFUScanmodulatebrainrhythmsandhassignificantpotentialinthemodulationofneuronalandpsychiatricdiseases.

简介：AdsorptionequilibriumexperimentsofphenolontheNKAIIresinareseparatelyconductedinthepresenceandabsenceofultrasoundatambienttemperature.Theisothermofphenolonthepolymeradsorbentinthepresenceofultrasonicfieldisfirstlyreported.Resultsindicatedthattheisothermofphenoldeterminedinthepresenceofultrasoundislowerthanthatintheabsenceofultrasound.Inaddition,experimentsalsoshowthattheuseofultrasoundtotheadsorptionsystemofthephenolaqueoussolutionandNKAⅡresincouldcausetherisingofthetemperatureofthesystemintheorderof6^-C.TheeffectofultrasoundontheisothermofthephenolontheNKAⅡresinmostlyascribestothethermaleffectandthenon-thermaleffectofultrasonicfield.andtheroleofthelaterisgreaterthanthatoftheformer.

简介：Inordertoeliminatedisplacementandelasticdeformationbetweenimagesofadjacentframesincourseof3Dultrasonicimagereconstruction,elasticregistrationbasedonskeletonfeaturewasadoptinthispaper.Anewautomaticallyskeletontrackingextractalgorithmispresented,whichcanextractconnectedskeletontoexpressfigurefeature.Featurepointsofconnectedskeletonareextractedautomaticallybyaccountingtopicalcurvatureextremepointsseveraltimes.Initialregistrationisprocessedaccordingtobarycenterofskeleton.Whereafter,elasticregistrationbasedonradialbasisfunctionareprocessedaccordingtofeaturepointsofskeleton.Resultofexampledemonstratethataccordingtotraditionalrigidregistration,elasticregistrationbasedonskeletonfeatureretainnaturaldifferenceinshapefororgan'sdifferentpart,andeliminateslightelasticdeformationbetweenframescausedbyimageobtainedprocesssimultaneously.Thisalgorithmhasahighpracticalvalueforimageregistrationincourseof3Dultrasoundimagereconstruction.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethedamagingeffectofhigh-intensityfocusedultrasound(HIFU)oncancercellsandtheinhibitoryeffectontumorgrowth.METHODS:MurineH22hepaticcancercellsweretreatedwithHIFUatthesameintensityfordifferentlengthsoftimeandatdifferentintensitiesforthesamelengthoftimeinvitro,thedeadcancercellsweredeterminedbytrypanbluestaining.TwogroupsofcancercellstreatedwithHIFUatthelowestandhighestintensitywereinoculatedintomice.Tumormasseswereremovedandweighedafter2wk,tumorgrowthineachgroupwasconfirmedpathologically.RESULTS:ThedeathrateofcancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for0.5,1,2,4,8,and12swas3.11±1.21%,13.37±2.56%,38.84±3.68%,47.22±5.76%,87.55±7.32%,and94.33±8.11%,respectively.ApositiverelationshipbetweenthedeathratesofcancerceilsandthelengthofHIFUtreatmenttimewasfound(r=0.96,P＜0.01).ThedeathrateofcancercellstreatedwithHIFUattheintensityof100,200,400,600,800,and1000W/cm2for8swas26.31±3.26%,31.00±3.87%,41.97±5.86%,72.23±8.12%,94.90±8.67%,and99.30±9.18%,respectively.ApositiverelationshipbetweenthedeathratesofcancercellsandtheintensitiesofHIFUtreatmentwasconfirmed(r=0.98,P＜0.01).ThecancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for8swereinoculatedintomiceexvivo.Thetumorinhibitoryratewas90.35%comparedtothecontrol(P＜0.01).IntheexperimentalgroupinoculatedwiththecancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for0.5s,thetumorinhibitoryratewas22.9%(P＜0.01).Bypathologicalexamination,tumorgrowthwasconfirmedin8outof14mice(57.14%,8/14)inoculatedwiththecancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for8s,whichwassignificantlylowerthanthatinthecontrol(100%,15/15,P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:HIFUiseffectiveonkillingordamageofH22hepaticcancercellsinvitroandoninhibitingtumorgrowthinmiceexvivo.

简介：Fishfindershavealreadybeenwidelyavailableinthefishingmarketforanumberofyears.However,thesizesofthesefishfindersaretoobigandtheirpricesareexpensivetosuitfortheresearchofroboticfishormini-submarine.Thegoalofthisresearchistoproposealow-costfishdetectorandclassifierwhichsuitsforunderwaterrobotorsubmarineasaproximitysensor.Withsomepre-conditioninhardwareandalgorithms,theexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposeddesignhasgoodper-formance,withadetectionrateof100%andaclassificationrateof94%.Boththeexistingtypeoffishandthegroupbehaviorcanberevealedbystatisticalinterpretationssuchashoveringpassionandsparseswimmingmode.

简介：BackgroundUltrasound-guidedtemporarypacemakerimplantationhasbeenprovensafeandefficient.However,fewstudieshavefocusedonelderandcriticalpatients.MethodsTwelveelderandcriticalpatientsunderwenttemporarycardiacpacingthroughthejugularveinorsubclavianvein,withbedsideultrasoundimagestoassisttheplacementofelectrodewithintherightventricle.ResultsUltrasound-guidedtemporarycardiacpacemakerinsertionwassuccessfulinallofthe12patients.Electrodesweresentintotherightventriclecorrectlywiththehelpofultrasoundimaging.Inallcases,temporarypacemakerfunctionedwellwithoutprocedure-relatedcomplications.ConclusionTemporarycardiacpacingguidedbyultrasoundissafeandeffectiveinelderandcriticalpatients,whichisworthofpromoting,especiallyinintensivecareunit.

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简介：在医药超声成像地里，由织物的速度不同类导致了以便获得高分辨率并且改正阶段错误，联合最小的变化beamforming的一个高分辨率的医药超声成像方法和一般连贯因素被介绍。首先，从元素的数据为集中被推迟；然后，多信道的数据被用于最小的变化beamforming；同时，数据从数组空格被转变到横梁空格计算一般连贯因素；最后，一般连贯因素习惯于重量最小的变化beamforming的结果。医药图象被成像系统得到。实验基于点目标和无回声的包囊目标被用来验证建议方法。结果证明在分辨率，对比和坚韧性的方面的建议方法比最小的变化beamforming和常规beamforming好。

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简介：Aconvenient,environmentallybenign,andhighlyefficientprotocolforthepreparationofN-aryl-hydroxylaminesfromthecorrespondingnitroarenesinaZn/HCOONH4/CH3CNsystemunderultrasoundisdescribed.Theadvantagesofthepresentmethodincludehighchemoselectivity,simpleandpracticalwork-upprocedureandhighyield.

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简介：AbstractTransoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA) is a recently described surgical technique where the thyroid and central neck can be accessed without a cutaneous incision. To date nearly 700 cases have been described within the English literature demonstrating the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the technique. As more institutions begin to adopt the surgical approach, it is important that surgeons pay close attention to appropriate patient selection and surgical optimization to prevent experience-related complications. A valuable tool to facilitate these considerations is the utilization of surgeon-performed ultrasonography (US). While the merits of surgeon-performed US are well-documented within head & neck endocrine surgery as a whole, its value may be of even greater importance when implementing a novel surgical technique such as TOETVA. Here we highlight and summarize the role of surgeon-performed US within head & neck endocrine surgery, focusing on how it may influence patient selection and surgical planning with TOETVA.