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简介:Ultrasound(US)-inducedcavitationisaneffectivewayinoxidizingorganiccontaminantsinwastewatereitherastheindependentoperationunitorincombinationwithotheroxidationmethods.Inthispaper,blackliquorandfiltrateafteracidifyingandsettlingweresonicated.Theeffectofworkingparametersonultrasonicdegradationofblackliquor,suchasdifferentcombinationmethods,frequency,powersupply,initialconcentration,pH,durationtime,ionicstrengthandcatalystwerestudied.Theresultswereasfollows:(1)Attheconditionsof40kHz,100W,4h,pHat6andtemperature30±2℃,utilizingUS/US-H2O2/US-Fenton,weak-orangefiltrateturnedtocolloidwiththeincreaseoftimeandlittlesedimentproducedaftersettling.EspeciallyfiltratecametobemilkwhitecollidesandupperwaterapproachedtonearlyachromaticbyUS-Fenton.ComparedwiththeUS,US-H2O2/US-FentonCOD(Chemicaloxidationdemand)removalratiocanincrease15%,30%respectively.Becauseofmorehydroxylradicalsproducedinthereactionprocess;(2)Attheconditionof100Wand4h,thedegradationefficiencyofblackliquorwasbetterat40kHzoverat20kHz.Moreoverblackliquorcanbebiodegradedeasily.Thosebasedonthatthebigmoleculeofcontaminantsinaqueoussolutioncanbechangedintothelittlemoleculewithultrasound(3)Attheconditionof40kHzand4h,theCODremovalratioofblackliquorwasmorehigherat60Wthanat80W,whiletheremovalratioofCODat60Wwasnearlyclosetotheratioat100W;(4)Theinitialconcentrationofblackliquorinfluencedtheeffectofsonochemicaldegradation;(5)ThevariationofpHhadnoeffectondegradation;(6)Thelongerthedurationtime,thegreatertheremovalratioofCOD.Butthisratioincreasedslowlyafter4h;(7)Adding0.2g/LNaCltochangetheionicstrengthoftheblackliquor,theCODremovalratiocanincrease10%;(8)ThedegradationratesincreasedbythecoexistentcatalystsofTiO2,Co2+andAg+.
简介:Theformationoffreeradicals(?)OHand(?)Hinanaturallyair-saturatedaqueoussolutionexposedtotherapeuticCWultrasoundatafrequencyof820kHzhasbeenconfirmedbyusingspintrapping5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide(DMPO)andelectronspinresonance(ESR)technique.Itissuggestedthattheseradicalsareformedduetothehightemperatureandpressureproducedbytheultrasonictransientcavitation.Thetransientcavitationthresholdisfoundat0.537-0.632W/cm2underasonicationtimeof3minutes.Withincreasingsoundintensitytheyieldoffreeradicals(?)OHraisesrapidlyattheintensityrangingfrom1—2W/cm2,andnolongerincreaseisobservedatabove3W/cm2.Thesoundintensity(I)dependenceoftheyieldof(?)OH(D)canbeapproximatelydescribedbyaregressionequation:D=8.1(I1/2-(Ic)1/2)1/2,whereIc=0.667W/cm2.UnderafixingsoundintensitytheyieldofOHincreasesmonotonouslywiththesonicationtime.
简介:Objective:Toevaluatethesafetyandefficacyofexternalhigh-intensityfocusedultrasound(HIFU)castrationforbreastcancerouspatientsaftermastectomyiftheyareatahighriskofrecurrence.Methods:Werecruited52consecutivepatientswithprimaryoperablebreastcancerwhoweretreatedwithmastectomywithexcisionofregionallymphnodes.PatientswerepositiveforERandPRimmuno-cytochemicalstaining,node-positive,un-menopause,over40yearsoldandweredividedintotwogroupsrandomly.Forcastration,26patientsreceivedoneortwotimesofHIFUtreatmentwithinfivedays,andtheotherpatientsreceivedradiotherapywithDT18Gy/9f/11days.Duringandafterthetreatment,localchangesandsystemicresponseofthepatientswereobserved.Results:After1monthtreatment,levelsofserumE1andE2weresignificantlydecreasedcomparedtobeforetreatmentinHIFUgroups(P<0.01andP<0.001).Thesamechangeswereoccurredinradiotherapy(RT)groups(P<0.05andP<0.01).ThelevelsofserumE1orE2inRTgroupswerehigherthaninHIFUgroups(P<0.05).Thesymptomdistributionof'climactericsyndrome'ofHIFUgroupsweresignificantlydifferentfromRTgroups(P<0.01).Thefollow-uptimewas4months.Theincidenceofamenorrheawas100%inallpatients.Noseriouscomplicationswereseen.Thetemperature,pulse,bloodpressure,andrespiratoryrateofthepatientswerealmostnormal.Conclusion:WehaveshownthattheuseofHIFUinthecastratingofpatientswithbreastcancerisfeasible,safeandeffective.ThistechnologymayprovidearapidnoninvasivealterativetoconventionalbilateraloophorectomyorRTcastration.
简介:AdsorptionequilibriumexperimentsofphenolontheNKAIIresinareseparatelyconductedinthepresenceandabsenceofultrasoundatambienttemperature.Theisothermofphenolonthepolymeradsorbentinthepresenceofultrasonicfieldisfirstlyreported.Resultsindicatedthattheisothermofphenoldeterminedinthepresenceofultrasoundislowerthanthatintheabsenceofultrasound.Inaddition,experimentsalsoshowthattheuseofultrasoundtotheadsorptionsystemofthephenolaqueoussolutionandNKAⅡresincouldcausetherisingofthetemperatureofthesystemintheorderof6^-C.TheeffectofultrasoundontheisothermofthephenolontheNKAⅡresinmostlyascribestothethermaleffectandthenon-thermaleffectofultrasonicfield.andtheroleofthelaterisgreaterthanthatoftheformer.
简介:Inordertoeliminatedisplacementandelasticdeformationbetweenimagesofadjacentframesincourseof3Dultrasonicimagereconstruction,elasticregistrationbasedonskeletonfeaturewasadoptinthispaper.Anewautomaticallyskeletontrackingextractalgorithmispresented,whichcanextractconnectedskeletontoexpressfigurefeature.Featurepointsofconnectedskeletonareextractedautomaticallybyaccountingtopicalcurvatureextremepointsseveraltimes.Initialregistrationisprocessedaccordingtobarycenterofskeleton.Whereafter,elasticregistrationbasedonradialbasisfunctionareprocessedaccordingtofeaturepointsofskeleton.Resultofexampledemonstratethataccordingtotraditionalrigidregistration,elasticregistrationbasedonskeletonfeatureretainnaturaldifferenceinshapefororgan'sdifferentpart,andeliminateslightelasticdeformationbetweenframescausedbyimageobtainedprocesssimultaneously.Thisalgorithmhasahighpracticalvalueforimageregistrationincourseof3Dultrasoundimagereconstruction.
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethedamagingeffectofhigh-intensityfocusedultrasound(HIFU)oncancercellsandtheinhibitoryeffectontumorgrowth.METHODS:MurineH22hepaticcancercellsweretreatedwithHIFUatthesameintensityfordifferentlengthsoftimeandatdifferentintensitiesforthesamelengthoftimeinvitro,thedeadcancercellsweredeterminedbytrypanbluestaining.TwogroupsofcancercellstreatedwithHIFUatthelowestandhighestintensitywereinoculatedintomice.Tumormasseswereremovedandweighedafter2wk,tumorgrowthineachgroupwasconfirmedpathologically.RESULTS:ThedeathrateofcancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for0.5,1,2,4,8,and12swas3.11±1.21%,13.37±2.56%,38.84±3.68%,47.22±5.76%,87.55±7.32%,and94.33±8.11%,respectively.ApositiverelationshipbetweenthedeathratesofcancerceilsandthelengthofHIFUtreatmenttimewasfound(r=0.96,P<0.01).ThedeathrateofcancercellstreatedwithHIFUattheintensityof100,200,400,600,800,and1000W/cm2for8swas26.31±3.26%,31.00±3.87%,41.97±5.86%,72.23±8.12%,94.90±8.67%,and99.30±9.18%,respectively.ApositiverelationshipbetweenthedeathratesofcancercellsandtheintensitiesofHIFUtreatmentwasconfirmed(r=0.98,P<0.01).ThecancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for8swereinoculatedintomiceexvivo.Thetumorinhibitoryratewas90.35%comparedtothecontrol(P<0.01).IntheexperimentalgroupinoculatedwiththecancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for0.5s,thetumorinhibitoryratewas22.9%(P<0.01).Bypathologicalexamination,tumorgrowthwasconfirmedin8outof14mice(57.14%,8/14)inoculatedwiththecancercellstreatedwithHIFUat1000W/cm2for8s,whichwassignificantlylowerthanthatinthecontrol(100%,15/15,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:HIFUiseffectiveonkillingordamageofH22hepaticcancercellsinvitroandoninhibitingtumorgrowthinmiceexvivo.
简介:4newmodel,phaseequilibrium-kineticsmodel(PEKM),forestimationofdiffusioncoefficientwasproposedinthispaper.KineticexperimentsofphenoldesorptiononNKAIIresininthepresenceandtheabsenceofultrasoundwereseparatelyconducted,anddiffusioncoefficientsofphenolwithinanadsorbentparticlewereestimatedbymeansofproposedPEKMandclassicsimplifiedmodel.ResultsshowthattheuseofultrasoundnotonlychangesthephaseequilibriumstateofNKAllresin/phenol/watersystemwhichhadbeenequilibriumatnormalcondition,butalsoenhancesdiffusionofphenolwithintheresin.ThediffusioncoefficientofphenolintheresininthefieldofultrasoundincreasesinanorderofmagnitudeincomparisonwiththediffusioncoefficientdeterminedundernoultrasoundExperimentalresultsalsoindicatedthatthediffusioncoefficientsestimatedbyPEKMweremoreaccuratethanthatestimatedbytheclassicsimplifiedmodel.
简介:Intravascularultrasoundcanprovidehigh-resolutionreal-timecrosssectionalimagesaboutlumen,plaqueandtissue.Traditionally,theluminalborderandmedial-adventitialborderaretracedmanually.Thisprocessisextremelytimeconsumingandthesubjectivedifferencewouldbelarge.Inthispaper,anewautomatedcontourdetectionmethodisintroducedbasedonfastactivecontourmodel.Experimentalresultsfoundthatlumenandvesselareameasurementsafterautomateddetectionshowedgoodagreementwithmanualtracingswithhighcorrelationcoefficients(0.94and0.95,respectively)andsmallsystemdifference(-0.32and0.56,respectively).Soitcanbeareliableandaccuratediagnostictool.
简介:ImagegeometrydistortionisanimportanttechnicalstandardinB-modeultra-sounddiagnosissystem.ThispaperinvestigatesthecauseofimagedistortioninphasedarrayB-modeultrasounddiagnosissystem.Thefirstdistortioncauseisthedelayerrorofcompoundwavebind.Phasedarrayultrasoundtranduceriscomposedofmanyrectangleunits.Withcontrollinginspiringplustime,ultrasoundwave
简介:极其细小磨擦非结晶的合金催化剂被化学减小与KBH4准备。在在气压的cinnamaldehyde的液体阶段加氢期间,Ru-B催化剂准备了展出优秀选择到cinnamyl酒精。当加氢与超声的照耀被执行时,当到cinnamyl酒精的选择仍然保持几乎未改变时,反应率能极大地被提高。加氢率随超声的频率或照耀时间的增加被增加。根据各种各样的描述,例如XRD,XPS,TEM,赌注和ICP,结构、电子的特征上的超声的照耀的效果磨擦催化剂简短被学习。同时,催化表演上的ultrasonication的提升效果也基于cinnamaldehyde的选择加氢被讨论到cinnamyl酒精。