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简介：ASpecializedCommitteeofREInforma-tionundertheChineseRESocietyhasbeenformedwiththepurposeofstreng-theningtheexchangeofREinformationandpromotingthedevelopmentofREsci-enceandtechnologyathomeandabroad.ThefirstmeetingofthecommitteewasheldinBeijingonDecember23-25,1989,andwasattendedbyover100representa-tivesfromuniversitiesandscientificresearchinstitutionsinvariouspartsofChina.Amongthemweresomewell-knownscholarswhohavelongbeenengagedin

简介：In1946,WorldWarⅡhadjustrecentlyended.Moreandmorepeoplewerefloodingtosportingevents,especiallycollegebasketball.MaxKase,asportseditoroftheNewYorktoldtheowneroftheNationalHockeyLeague,WalterBrown,abouthisidea,andBrowntookthei-deatoNedIrish.Nedstatedhewasalreadyworkingonsuchaleague,andKasedideventuallyreceiveseveralthousanddollarsforhisefforts.

简介：Thedemographicstructureofpopulations,particularlyageandsex,hasprofoundconsequencesforharmoniousandsustainablesocialandeconomicdevelopment.Furthermore,analyzingsexratiosofpopulationsisimportantinanalyzingthedevelopmentofthestatusOfwomenandgirls.

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简介：Introduction:Anumberofmilestonesinthetreatmentofprematureejaculation(PE)haveoccurredoverthepastfivedecades,includingthedevelopmentofvariousbehavioralandcognitivetechniquesaswellaspharmacotherapiesthatmodifyneurophysiologicalprocessesinvolvedinejaculation.Nevertheless,thenotionthatsexualresponsessuchasPEareinfluencedbyphysiological,

简介：无数生物因素被建议了解释早泄(PE)。然而，有精囊(SV)的数据相关PE是稀少的。学习试图评估在SV和PE的尺寸之间的关系。没有PE，代表性的学习与PE和44个志愿者包括了44个门诊病人，并且SV的尺寸被比较。射精的潜伏时间，早泄诊断工具(PEDT)，可勃起的Function-15的国际索引，和健康长期的前列腺炎症状的国家研究所索引的自我估计的intravaginal被用于对症状的评价。比作控制组，PE组有SV的显著地更高的吝啬的前面以后的直径(APD)(P<0.001)。SV截止水平的最佳的吝啬的APD是为PE的9.25公里。在PE组，PEDT与SV的吝啬的APD相比与SV9.25公里的吝啬的APD也是更高的<9.25公里。PEDT显著地与SV的吝啬的APD被相关(r=0.326，P=0.031)。精液的血浆蛋白质被集体spectrometry在六PE和六个匹配的控制盒子之间比较，102蛋白质是至少起来调整或下面调整的1.5褶层，这被显示出。在他们之中，GGT1，LAMC1，和应用软件在PE组是显著地更高的。这些结果显示有SV的更大的吝啬的APD的人可能让更高的PEDT得分。SV的Transrectal超声应该与早泄在病人的评估被考虑。SV可能在SV是为有PE和超声变化的病人的治疗的一个潜在的目标。

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简介：教学目标1.学生能够在谈论生肖的活动中巩固、复习本单元词汇和短语,并正确运用;2.学生能够在谈论生肖这一语境中运用功能句型表达十二生肖的轮回、顺序及生肖特征;3.学生能够在推算年龄、制作海报等活动中,利用单元所学语言表达和交流十二生肖传统文化,体会中国传统文化的智慧。教学重点与难点(一)重点1.熟练掌握十二生肖的名称,轮回频率,顺序及生肖特征;

简介：Sincethe1980s,especiallythemid-1980s,theimbalanceinthesexratioatbirthinChinahasbeenincreasingcontinuouslyandthesituationhasworsenedinrecentyears,accordingtothefourthandfifthcensusesin1990and2000.Thisissuehasdrawnwidespreadattentionfromthegovernmentaswellasacademia.Thefundamentalreasonfortheimbalance

简介：WeconsideroptimalbirthcontrolfortheMcKendrickequationofpopulationdyna-mics.Itconsistsofoptimizingasystemdescribedbyafirstorderpartialdifferentialequationwithnonlo-calbilinearboundarycontrol.ApproximateminimumprinciplesareobtainedusingEkeland’svariationalprinciple.

简介：AbstractPreterm parturition is the consequence of pathological signals that activate the common pathway of parturition and considered as a syndrome. Many risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) have been identified. Two significant risk factors for sPTB are history of prior sPTB and short cervical length at midtrimester. 17 hydroxyprogesterone caproate, vaginal progesterone, cerclage, and pessary have all been studied for prevention of sPTB. Difference in patient populations likely contributes to the conflicting study results. Further studies are needed to establish strategies in prevention of sPTB in singleton as well as multiple pregnancies.

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简介：关于早泄(PE)的定义，分类和流行有进行中的争论。PE的第一个基于证据的定义与终生的PE被限制到异性爱的人从事阴道交际。不幸地，有PE的抱怨的许多病人不满足这些标准。然而，这些人能作为PE子类型，也就是获得的PE，自然可变PE或象早熟一样之一被诊断射精的机能障碍。不过，这些子类型的有效性被证据还没支持了。一个普遍接受的PE定义的缺席和为数据获得的标准的缺乏导致了报导了冲突率的流行研究。20%的高流行；-30%；可能由于在如此的调查被进行的时间在定义使用的含糊的术语。尽管当为基于人口的流行研究询问了时，许多人可以抱怨PE，仅仅他们的一些将活跃地为他们的抱怨寻求治疗，尽管大多数这些病人将定义与PE适合的症状。获得的PE病人的抱怨可能是更严重的，而经历象早熟一样的病人的抱怨射精的机能障碍与PE的各种各样的形式在人之中似乎最少严重。尽管众多的治疗形式为PE的管理被建议了，仅仅抗抑郁剂和热门麻木的乳脂当前被证明了有效。当任何一个都没被规章的机构同意了治疗形式，进一步的研究不管多么必须被带为PE开发有益的治疗策略。

简介：AbstractThe time of birth is a critical determinant of perinatal and long-term outcomes, and even trans-generational effects. Preterm birth is still the leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. Unfortunately, rates of preterm birth remain high worldwide. Preterm parturition is a complex syndrome, which can be induced by several factors such as infection, cervical pathology, uterine overdistension, progesterone deficiency, vascular alterations (utero-placental ischemia, decidual hemorrhage), maternal and fetal stress, allograft reaction, allergic phenomena, and probably other several unknown factors. The mechanisms responsible for early labor activation have been partially identified and involve receptors, chemokines, and inflammatory cytokines. It is very useful to understand the cellular and biochemical pathways responsible for preterm labor activation to identify, treat, and prevent negative outcome in a timely manner. Researchers and clinicians play a key role in improving biochemical knowledge on preterm delivery, identifying risk factors, and applying multilevel preventive strategies.

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简介：Birthdefectsaffectthequalityofthenewbornpopulation,andhavebecameamajorpublichealthprobleminChina.Geneticfactors,environmentalfactors,andtheinteractionofthetwoisthedirectcauseoftheincidenceofbirthdefects.Thisreview,basedontheneuraltubedefectsasanexample,giveinsightintothepathogenesisofbirthdefectsfromthegenomics,epigenetics,metabonomicsandenvironmentfactorsandexplorenewstrategyofbirthdefectpreventioninChina.

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简介：AbstractObjective:To investigate the roles of transcription factors (TFs) in the etiology of complex human birth defects, including neural tube defects (NTDs), congenital heart diseases (CHDs), and hypospadias.Methods:We examined the overlap of genetically associated genes among NTDs, CHDs, and hypospadias. We then compared the expression profiles of these diseases based on all the detected genes and disease-associated TFs. The differentially expressed TFs that we obtained were further subjected to functional enrichment analysis to elucidate their role in the development of these birth defects.Results:TF genes were significantly enriched in complex birth defects (P= 5.95 × 10-24). NTDs, CHDs, and hypospadias showed distinct gene expression profiles compared with the controls. Although TFs could not efficiently separate CHDs from normal subjects, distinct gene expression profiles of TFs could distinguish NTDs and hypospadias from controls. Differentially expressed TFs can be used to characterize NTDs, hypospadias, and controls. The enriched TFs in biological processes (BPs) reflected the different morphological processes of NTDs, CHDs, and hypospadias.Conclusions:This study indicates that abnormal expression patterns of specific TFs may disrupt the normal requirements for developmental equilibrium through the related BPs. The investigation of genetically associated genes and gene expression profiles for the three different complex birth defects provides new insights into how the dysregulation of TFs influences their developmental process.