简介：ObjectivesToinvestigatetheassociationofsolubleFasligand(sFasL)andsolubleFasreceptor(sFas)withhumanchroniccongestiveheartfailure(CHF).MethodsTheserumlevelofsFasLandsFasin33patientswithCHF(13incardiacfunctionclassⅡ,17inclassⅢ,3inclassⅣ,NYHA)wasassessedwithenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay,andwascomparedwiththatof18age-,bloodpressure-matchedpatientswithcardiacfunctionclassⅠ(NYHA).ResultsTherewasnodifferenceinthelevelofsFasLbetweenthetwogroups[CHFgroup:231.50+/-84.50(cardiacfunctionclassⅡ216.50+/-96.00,classⅢ226.80+/-85.70,classⅣ244.00+/-73.00)vs.cardiacfunctionclassIgroup:217.50+/-89.00pg/mL,P>0.05].However,thelevelofsFaswassignificantlyhigherinthepatientswithCHFthanthoseofcardiacfunctionclassIgroup[CHFgroup:1353.30+/-507.71(cardiacfunctionclassⅡ1154.85+/-371.20,classⅢ1412.88+/-493.62,classⅣ1875.67+/-806.

简介：Fullysolublepoly[2-methoxy-5-(2’-ethylhexyl)-oxy)-p-phenylenevinylene](MEH-PPV)wassynthesizedbytheadditionofmolecularweightmodifiers(chainstopper,freeradicalscavengers)toapolymerizationsystemcontainingmonomer,catalystandasolvent.ThesePPVproductssynthesizedinthisworkwerecharacterizedbyIR,NMR,UV-visiblespectroscopyandGPC.ResultsshowthattheM_wofpolyphenylvinylene(PPV)canbecontrolledbytheadditionofchainstopper(benzylbromide)andradicalinhibitor(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol).Thepolymerizationmechanisminthepresenceoftheseadditiveswasalsodiscussed.AdualmechanisminvolvingcarbeneforPPVpolymerizationwasproposed.

简介：Thesolubilityofinitiatordeterminesitsdistributionandtherolesplayedinemulsionpolymerizationaswellasthefinalproducts,butthisisstilllackofsystematicinvestigation.Thepresentworkfocusesonthisissuebycomparingthekineticbehaviorsandproductpropertiesofstyreneemulsionpolymerizationinitiatedby2,2-azoisobutyronitrile(AIBN)andpotassiumpersulphate(KPS).ComparedtoKPS-initiatedemulsionpolymerization,theAIBN-initiatedpolymerizationwasfoundtobeinsensitivetothetypeofemulsifier,andhavehighpolymerizationrateaswellasnarrowmolecularweightdistributionandparticlesizedistribution.Thisresultindicatestheeffectivefreeradicalsaregeneratedinmicellesorcolloids,whichcoulddecreasetheproportionofhomogeneousnucleationandmaketheprocessandproductmorecontrollable.Asaconsequence,thereisalinearrelationshipbetweenmolecularweightofproductandAIBNconcentrationinlg-lgcoordinate.Itprovidedareferenceforthepreparationoflatexeswithspecifiedmolecularweightandsupportedthepossibilityofthecoexistenceofmultiplefreeradicalsinonemicelleorcolloidwhenusingoil-solubleinitiator.

简介：Amodifiedpoly(ethyleneglycol)(PEG)hasbeendevelopedasthesolublepolymericsupportsforliquidphasesynthesisofnovelthioureaderivatives.Ineachstepofthesequence,thePEG-boundproductswereprecipitatedincoldEt2Oandtheunreactedmaterialsandby-productswereremovedbysimplefiltration.Theprogressofreaction,purityoftheisolationandthestructureofthePEG-boundproductswereeasilymonitoredbyTLC,IRand^1HNMRspectra.RepresentativethioureaderivativeswereobtainedinmoderateyieldswithexcellentpurityfromthismodifiedPEG-boundproductbythecleavagewith50%TFA/H2O.

简介：Thewater-solubleconjugatedpolyelectrolyte,poly[3-(1′-ethyloxy-2′-N-methylimidazole)thiophene](PEOIMT),wasprepared.Itsphotophysicalandelectrochemicalproperties,andresponsecharacteristicstotheexternalcondition(eg,temperatureresponse,solventresponseandpHresponse),wereinvestigated.TheresultsshowthePEOIMTbelongstotheorganicsemiconductor.TheinteractionbetweenthePEOIMTandthebovineserumalbumin(BSA)wasinvestigatedusingUV-visspectroscopy.ItwasfoundthatthePEOIMTcouldinteractwiththeBSA.ThePEOIMTcanbeusedasabiosensortodetecttheBSA.

简介：Anewpolymer,polyzirconoxanesal（PZS）,issynthesizedfromthereactionofzirconiumoxychlorideoctahydrate（ZrOCl2-8H2O）withacetylacetone（Hacac）andsalicylalcohol（SA）byone-potprotocol.Thepolymerissolubleincommonorganicsolvents,suchasethanol,methanol,acetone,tetrahydrofuranandchloroform,andexhibitsrheologywithviscosityof100-300mpasat25℃.Thesepropertiesaresuitableforusesinfabricationofceramicmatrixfibercomposites.Pyrolysisofthispolymerat1300℃inargonprovidesnanosizedZrCwithsphericalmorphologyandsizeof20-100nm.

简介：(乙烯乙二醇)(木钉)Poly支持了dendrimers与高由分叉的方法装载能力，优秀溶解度和热稳定性作为连接器作为dendrons和tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane用2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine(TCT)被综合了。新综合支持木钉的G2.0dendrimer让同样大的功能的组10次与全面产量作为商业PEG3400装载能力44.0%。

简介：Objective:Toachieveanoptimizedmethodforsolubleexpressionofhumancarboxylesterase1(hCE-1)inescherichiacoilandpurificationbyNi2+-NTAagaroseaffinitychromatography,togetimprovedproteinyieldandpurityforfurtherdevelopmentofhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)diagnosisELISAkits.Methods:ThebestantigenepitopesofhCE1werepredictedbycomparingsecondarystructure,flexibleregions,hydrophilicity,antigenicindexsurfaceprobabilityofresidues.Afterwards,pET-42a(+)withaHis-tagandaGST-tagwasappliedtoformrecombinantplasmidpET-42a(+)/hCE1,whichfacilitatedpurificationwhenusingNi2+-NTAagaroseaffinitychromatography.ProteinqualitywasmeasuredbySDS-PAGEandBCAproteinassay.Western-blotidentificationwasalsoperformedtoensurethecorrectexpressionofhCE1protein.Results:Theresiduesfrom500to567nearC-terminalofhCE1proteinwereconsideredthebestepitopeswhichexhibitedhighhydrophilicityandhighsurfaceprobabilityandrelativelyflexiblesecondarystructureandlowhomologycomparedwithhCE2andhCE3.His-hCE1500-567fusionproteinwasachievedbyIPTG-inductedexpressionwithanexpectedmassof42kDa.Afterpurification,thefinalproductwasspeciallyidentified,whichreachedover95%purityandmorethan10mg/Lofmicrobialculture.InWesternblot,thepurifiedfusionproteinwasrecognizedbyanti-hCE1monoclonalantibody,alongwithprevioussequencingvalidation,whichdemonstratedthecorrectpreparationofsolublehCE1protein.Conclusion:ThisisanefficaciousandaffordablestrategytogeneratefusionhCE1ofhighqualityinEcoli,whichfacilitatespreparationofhCE1monoclonalantibodyandfurtherHCCdiagnosisresearch.

简介：硅(Si)经由钙硅酸盐的申请被供应了到植物到土壤；然而，因为它的低溶解度，钙硅酸盐的高剂量被要求。Nanoparticles能减少Si剂量并且被用于播种沟。这研究调查了液体Si来源的效果，即，高度可溶的硅酸盐(115.2gL1Si和60.5gL1Na2O)并且nanosilica(<200nm)，在Si上，由米饭的举起种，植物木质化，植物C:N:Pstoichiometry，植物生理学，和谷物在greanhousecondistions下面用Oxisol让步。处理包括了nanosilica和可溶的硅酸盐的申请到在0，605，1210，和2420g的Si剂量播种沟哈1。植物举起和处理效果被测量累积，生理的特征，和谷物米饭产出的C和木质素内容，Si，N，和P评估。在标志叶子的硅石身体和非结晶的硅石的免职用扫描电子显微镜学被分析。液体Si的申请在与控制的关系在米饭增加了Si累积47.3%(0g哈1Si)，不管Si，来源使用了。Nanosilica申请增加了叶木质素内容112.7%什么时候与那相比在控制。硅中等影响了网C吸收(增加了1.83%)并且蒸发率(增加了48.3%)；然而，Si影响了既不植物生长也不米饭的谷物产量。这些结果被关於生命或不能生活的应力的缺乏在实验期间在米饭植物解释。就我们的知识而言，在巴西农业，这在植物营养上作为Si化肥和它的效果是nanosilica的使用上的第一份报告。这研究提供米饭植物吸收并且积累nanoparticles的证据；然而，进一步的研究被要求在另外的植物种类调查nanoparticles的使用。

简介：AbstractObjective:The immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia; here, we aimed to explore the relationship of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) with schizophrenia.Methods:CTLA4 gene structure was first analyzed, and then rs231779, rs733618, rs231775 and rs3087243 were selected as tag single nucleotide polymorphisms for the linkage disequilibrium blocks in CTLA4 in the Chinese Han population to study expression quantitative trait loci of CTLA4 gene in normal brain tissue. Additionally, membrane CTLA4 (mCTLA4) and soluble CTLA4 (sCTLA4) mRNA expression levels were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 65 first-episode schizophrenia patients and 61 healthy controls. This study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of corresponding research institutes (approval No. 20150016) on March 6, 2015 and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Results:After applying Bonferroni correction to the P values, only the minor C allele of rs733618 was significantly associated with increased expression of total CTLA4 (PBonf.= 0.019), but not mCTLA4 (PBonf. = 0.115), in the hippocampus. The sCTLA4 expression was significantly decreased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of schizophrenia patients compared with healthy controls, while mCTLA4 was not.Conclusion:These results suggest that the soluble form of CTLA4 may be associated with schizophrenia and that lower sCTLA4 expression may increase the risk of developing schizophrenia.

简介：γ-Aminobutyricacid(GABA)andseveralγ-glutamyloligopeptideswereisolatedandidentifiedfromwater-extractofginseng.

简介：荧光刺激和可溶的有机物(WSOC)样品从20提取了的46水的平均分子的重量在东方中国玷污类型被决定。它被发现所有样品分享类似的光谱学。一种好线性关系不过在350～450nm的范围在全部的器官的碳和刺激之间存在器官的碳的内容和样品的pH在一个宽范围变化。在相对刺激紧张和WSOC和FA的平均分子的重量之间的重要关联都没被发现，但是部分关联为WSOC样品作为控制因素与pH变得重要。相对刺激紧张显示出在学习区域从南方增加到北方的一个一般趋势。pH价值可能在调整起一个重要作用荧光灯WSOC的空间变化。

简介：

简介：Twosolubleisomerizedpolyimides(PIs)synthesizedfrom2,2'-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropanedianhydride(6FDA)witheither2,2'-dimethylbenzidine(2,2'-DMB)or3,3'-DMBwereinvestigatedbymeansofsize-exclusionchromatographycoupledwithmulti-anglelaserlightscattering,aviscometerandarefractiveindexdetectorintetrahydrofuran(THF)withtetrabutylammoniumbromide(TBAB)at35℃.Thecorrespondingparametersrelatedtoconformationsαandν,evaluatedfromthescalingrelationships[η]=KηMαandRg=KgMν,respectively,were0.66±0.01and0.55±0.02forpoly(6FDA/3,3'-DMB),and0.67±0.01and0.56±0.01forpoly(6FDA/2,2'-DMB),indicatingarandomcoilconformationforboththesamplesinthismobilesystem.ThepersistencelengthlpandshiftfactorML(relativemolecularweightperunitcontourlength)wereestimatedfromtherelationshipbetweenintrinsicviscosityandmolecularweightforthewormlikecylindermodelproposedbyBohdanecky.BothlpandMLshowedthatthetwoPIsinTHFareflexiblechainsandexhibitsomelocalrigiditytosomeextent.

简介：规划death-1(PD-1)，CD28家庭的一个成员，能否定地调整TCR由与它的血缘的ligands(PD-L1或PD-L2)交往的开始建筑群的发信号。PD-1/PD-L1小径起一个重要作用在下面调整适应有免疫力的回答的有效阶段和这条小径的封锁被证明提高抗病毒并且antitumoral免疫，建议让治疗的发展与病毒感染或恶意在病人改进T房间回答可能是一个潜在的目标。在现在的学习，有一个carboxyl终端他的标签的人的PD-1的细胞外的域(指定了为sPD-1)在Escherichiacoli被表示为包括身体。产品是在列上refolded，由使不能调动的金属亲密关系层析净化了，并且由西方的弄污描绘了。而且，有高纯净的可溶的PD-1与它的血缘的ligandPD-L1拥有了特定的有约束力的活动，并且分离常数是由Scatchard情节分析决定了的0.43nmol/L。这些结果建议从原核生物的房间的refoldedsPD-1可能具有对提高抗病毒和antitumoral免疫者回答的治疗学的兴趣。

简介：注意在溶解期间在watersoluble聚合物的健全吸收机制上对学习被给予。特殊设计的水溶性的聚合物涂层在我们的实验室被综合。健全变细性质在健全试管被测量。结果证明坡度聚合物答案的健全变细比制服的大。在分层的媒介取决于试验性的结果和声波繁殖的理论，坡度的机制水溶性的聚合物答案被开发。这机制能如下被描述：当它在水里被溶解时，水溶性的聚合物涂层形成了集中坡度层。这坡度层导致了声音的多重思考和吸收。最后，声能被变成热。

简介：Aneficientliquid-phasesynthesisofisoxazolinesthrougha1,3-dipolarcycloadditionisdescribed.Solublepolymer-supportedacrylatereactedwithnitrileoxidesgeneratedin-situ,followedbycleavagefromthesupportgivingcorrespondingisoxazolinesinhighyieldsandexcellentpurities.

简介：瞄准：为了检验因素，用一个最近确定的在试管内模型在肠的巨噬细胞(IMAC)的区别包含了。方法：测试是否可溶或膜界限因素induceIMAC区别，刚，elutriated单核白血球(瞬间)与肠的上皮细胞(IEC)的调节媒介或细胞膜被孵化或与在transwell系统的IEC有教养。决定瞬间的活跃迁居的重要性，从瞬间和IEC的1:1混合的三维的总数被免疫组织化学和流动血细胞计数检验。Apoptosis被caspase-3检验西方的污点。在区别模型的细胞外的矩阵生产被免疫组织化学比较。结果：IMAC区别在一个复杂三维的合作文化模型被观察(多细胞的球状体，MCS)与在进球状体的瞬间的移植以后的IEC。由有调节媒介或IEC的膜准备的瞬间的合作文化，没有IMAC区别被导致。有在transwell文化的IEC的瞬间的合作文化，与二个房间，膜也分开的人口没导致瞬间的象肠一样区别。与有在IEC和瞬间的混合MCS入境瞬间的IEC球状体相对照，瞬间的一张仅仅小潜水艇人口能熬过七个天文化时期。结论：瞬间在试管内的象肠一样区别仅仅在三维的MCS在在IMAC的区别期间显示房间矩阵或房间房间相互作用的一个角色的瞬间的移民以后建模的建筑群被导致。

简介：Conventionalchloromethylation,paraformaldehyde/hydrogenchlorideinaceticacidmedium,wasappliedto1,2-dimethoxybenzene.Chloroform-solublepoly(3,4-dimethoxy-o-tolylene)wasobtainedwithanintrinsicviscosityof0.034dLg~(-1).ThepolymerwasevaluatedasacondensationredoxpolymerprecursorformedbyaFriedel-Craftsreaction.Cleavageofthemethoxygroupspresentinthispolymerresultedinpoly(3,4-dihydroxy-o-tolylene)whichmanifestedagreatair-oxidationresistance.Theredoxpropertyofthelatterpolymerwasfoundtobe1017mVbypotentiometrictitrationwith0.05Ncericammoniumnitrateat25℃.Thismidpotentialwascomparedtothatofcatechol,amonomericanalogue,underthesametitrationconditions.

简介：新奇tripyridylporphyrin单体，5-[4-[2-(acryloyloxy)ethoxy]苯基]-l0,l5,20-tris(4-pyridyl)porphyrin(TrPyP)，被综合并且有acrylamide(AM)到的polymerized准备恐水病地联系水溶性的聚合物PAM-TrPyP。卟啉pendants的聚集行为被调查由紫外可见并且荧光系列。聚合物在甚至显示恐水病的协会的一个强壮的趋势冲淡解决方案。与增加集中，407nm的从416nm的Soret乐队变化的最大的吸收波长，和荧光为展览节制集中熄灭的内部过滤器效果改正了。所有结果显示那-卟啉pendants的相互作用在卟啉的PAM-TrPyP，和H总数的协会起一个关键作用主要在集中的答案被形成。在另一方面，散布的动态光(DLS)和传播电子显微镜学(TEM)被用来随集中增加在macromolecular集会的尺寸和结构跟随变化。聚合物聚集符合构造因此从松开的像泡的形态学改变到稳固的水珠。当答案的pH价值减少到4.3时，卟啉pendants上的pyridine一半能是protonated，在macromolecular矩阵形成的H总数被静电的排斥相互作用破坏。