简介：Perylenebisimide（PBI）unithasbeenwidelyusedtodesignconjugatedmaterials,whichcanbeusedaselectronacceptorinorganicsolarcellsduetoitsstrongelectron-deficientability.Inthiswork,aconjugatedpolymerbasedonPBIdimerasmonomerwasdesigned,synthesized,andcomparedtotheconjugatedpolymercontainingsinglePBIasrepeatingunits.Thetwoconjugatedpolymerswerefoundtohavesimilarmolecularweight,absorptionspectraandenergylevels.DensityfunctionaltheorycalculationrevealedthatthePBIdimer-basedpolymerexhibitedhighlytwistedconjugatedbackboneduetothelargedihedralanglebetweenthetwoPBIunits.ThePBI-basedpolymersaselectronacceptorwereappliedintopolymer-polymersolarcells,inwhichPBIdimer-basedpolymersolarcellswerefoundtoshowahighshortcircuitcurrentdensity(Jsc=11.2mA·cm（-2）)andahighpowerconversionefficiency（PCE）of4.5%.Incomparison,thesolarcellsbasedonPBI-basedpolymeracceptoronlyprovidedaJscof7.2mA·cm-2andPCEof2.5%.ThesignificantlyenhancedPCEinPBIdimer-basedsolarcellswasattributedtothemixedphaseinblendedthinfilms,asrevealedbyatomforcemicroscopy.ThisstudydemonstratesthatPBIdimercanbeusedtodesignpolymeracceptorsforhighperformancepolymerpolymersolarcells.

简介：四聚合物与thiophene，bithiophene，selenophone和thieno基于perylenediimide异分子聚合[3,2-b]thiophene在所有聚合物作为领受人材料被调查太阳能电池。二不同施主聚合物，poly[4,8二度(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b；4,5-b]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-carboxylate-2,6-diyl](PTB7-Th)并且poly[(5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4,7-diyl)-alt-(3,3-di(2-dodecyltetradecyl)-2,2;5,2;5,2-quaterthiophen-5,5-diyl)](PffBT4T-2DT)，与合适互补的吸收，系列和精力层次被使用并且检验。在对这里学习了的所有不同施主领受人之中，联合PTB7-Th:poly[N，N二度(1-hexylheptyl)-3,4,9,10-perylenediimide-1,6/1,7-diyl-alt-2,5-thiophene](PDI-Th)展出了5.13%的最好的力量变换效率(PCE)，与开电路的电压(Voc)=0.79V，电线走火电流密度(Jsc=12.35妈

简介：Blendbasedpolymernanocomposites,comprisingJanusnanoparticlesattheirpolymer/polymerinterface,wereanalytically/experimentallyevaluated.Themodelingprocedurewasperformedintwostages:first,modelingofpolymer/polymerinterfaceregioncomprisingJanusnanoparticlesandsecond,modelingoftheentiresystemsasafunctionofthevariationoftheblendmorphology.Inthefirststage,themodelingprocedurewasperformedbasedonthedevelopmentofthemodelproposedbyJietal.andinthesecondstage,thefundamentalofKolarik’smodelwasusedinordertoproposeadevelopedandmorepracticalmodel.ItwasshownthatJanusnanoparticlesmayformdualpolymer/particleinterphaseatpolymer/polymerinterfacewhichcandrasticallyaffectthefinalmechanicalpropertiesofthesystem.Comparingtheresultsoftensiletestsimposedondifferentpreparedsampleswiththepredictionsofthemodelproveditsaccuracyandreliability(error<9%).

简介：PolymericGrignardReagent(PGR)basedonthechloromethylatedpoly(ST-co-DVB)resinhasbeenpreparedbymeansofanthracene-magnesiumcomplexinTHF(Anth-Mg-THF),andpolymermatrixwithlongpolymethylenespacerwassynthesizedviathecouplingreactionbetweenPGRandα,ω-dibromoalkanes.Basedonthestudiesoffactorsaffectingthecoupling,suchascatalyst,reactiontime,thelengthofspaceretc.,thispaperofferstheoptimalreactionconditionsandthreetypicalexperimentprocedures.ThemechanismfortheformationandcouplingreactionofPGRarealsodiscussed.

简介：Forasystemofflexiblepolymermolecules,theconceptsoftwoconcentrations,namelythesegmentalandthemolecularconcentrations,havebeenproposedinthispaper.Theformerisequivalenttothevolumefraction.Thelattercanbedefinedasthenumberofthegravitycentersofmacromoleculesinaunitvolume.Thetwoconcentrationsshouldbecorrelatedwitheachotherbytheconformationalfunctionofthepolymerchainandshouldbediscussedindifferentthermodynamicequations.OnthebasisoftheseconceptsithasbeenprovedthattheFlory-Hugginsentropyofmixingshouldbetheresultofthemixing'idealgasesofthegravitycentersofmacromolecules'.Thegeneralcorrelationbetweenthefreeenergyofmixingandthescatteringfunction(structuralfactor)ofpolymerblendshasbeenstudiedbasedonthegeneralfluctuationtheory.WhentheFlory-Hugginsfreeenergyofmixingisadopted,thedeGennesscatteringfunctionofapolymerblendcanbederived.

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简介：Theorganic/inorganicnanocompositespolymerelectrolytesweredesignedandsynthesized.Theorganic/inorganicnanocom-positesmembranematerialsandtheirlithiumsaltcomplexeshavebeenfoundthermallystablebelow200℃.Theconductivityoftheorganic/inorganicnanocompositespolymerelectrolytespreparedatroomtemperaturewasatmagnituderangeof10-6S/cm.

简介：Polymer/metalcompositesegmentalJanusnanoparticles(NPs)aresynthesizedbysequentialgrowthagainstpoly(4-vinylpyridine)(P4VP)crosslinkedcP4VP-PSJanusNPs.AJanusclusterofpoly(4-vinylpyridine)-block-polystyrene(P4VPb-PS)diblockcopolymerisself-organizedafterabsorptionontoasilicapatchysphereviahydrogenbonding.SelectivecrosslinkingofP4VPleadstotheformationofrobustcP4VP-PSJanusNPs.WithinthecP4VPdomain,functionalspeciessuchasmetalsarepreferentiallygrownbyinsitureduction.Otherthiol-cappedpolymers,forexample,thiol-cappedpoly(Nisopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM-SH),canbeconjugatedontotheoppositesidetoformpolymer/metaltriplesegmentalJanusNPs.ThehyperthermiaeffectofAuNPofPNIPAM-Au@cP4VP-PSbynearinfrared(NIR)irradiationcantriggerafasttransitionfromamphiphilictohydrophobicoftheJanusNPsatlowsurroundingtemperature.De-stabilizationoftheemulsionisNIRtriggeredalthoughthesystemtemperatureisbelowLCST(~32°C).

简介：Aimingrespectivelyatthetwoproblemsindesertiflcationareas,namelywatershortageandserioussoilerosion,thepolymermaterialsforcombatingdesertiflcationmaybeclassifiedaswaterabsorbing-retainingpolymers(WARPs)andsandysoilstabilizingpolymers(SSSPs).Theirfurtherclassificationsandcurrentresearcflsituationswereintroduced.ItissuggestedthatthemajorhindrancefortheirwideappHcationisthehighcost.Theauthors'newestresearchresuitsoncuttingcostandenhancingef...

简介：Somestructurealfactorstothedesignofpolymer-supportedChiralCatalystsarediscussed.andsomenewapprachesfordesigningofpolymer-supportedcatalystsarereviewedinthispaper.

简介：Thetransitionfromthebiexcitontotheexcitoncanturnoverthedirectionoftheelectricdipoleofapolymericmolecule.Thisturning-overactioncombinedwiththephotoinducedpolarizationreversioncanbeusedasaswitch.Theswitchingspeedisgovernedbytherelaxationtimeoftheturning-overprocess,whichcanbedeterminedbyadynamicalsimulation.

简介：Theobjectiveofthisresearchwastoshowawaytoconductrejuvenationofagedpolymermodifiedasphaltbinder(PMB)successfully.TofullyevaluateandunderstandtherejuvenationofagedPMB,thePenetrationgradetestsincludingpenetration,softenpoint,ductilityandelasticrecoveryandSuperpaveTMPGgradetestsincludingDSR,BBRandDDTwereconducted.TherejuvenationeffectofagedPMBbyutilizingafluidrecyclingagentincommonuseforbinderrejuvenationwasevaluated.AndthenthecompoundrejuvenationeffectofagedPMBbyutilizingtherecyclingagentwithanewmodifyingadditiveforbindermodificationwasevaluated.Theexperimentalresultsindicatedthattherecyclingagentincommonusecurrentlydoesnotapplytopolymermodifiedasphaltbinderrejuvenation.Buttherecyclingagenttogetherwiththemodifyingadditivecanrestorethecharacteristicsofagedpolymermodifiedbinderverywell.Therefore,compoundrejuvenationofpolymermodifiedasphaltbinderisrecommended.

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简介：Theevolutionandtheoriginof"solid-likestate"inmoltenpolymer/claynanocompositesarestudied.Usingpolypropylene/clayhybrid(PPCH)withsufficientmaleicanhydridemodifiedPP(PP-MA)ascompatibilizer,wellexfoliationyetsolid-likestatewasachievedafterannealinginmoltenstate.Comprehensivelinearviscoelasticityandnon-linearrheologicalbehaviorstogetherwithWAXDandTEMarestudiedonPPCHatvariousdispersionstagesfocusingontime,temperatureanddeformationdependenciesofthe"solid-like"stateinmoltennanocomposites.Basedonthese,itisrevealedthatthesolid-structureisdevelopedgraduallyalongwithannealingthroughthestagesofinter-layerexpansionbyPP-MA,thediffusionandassociationofexfoliatedsilicateplatelets,theformationofband/chainstructureand,finally,apercolatedclayassociatednetwork,whichisresponsibleforthemeltrigidityorsolid-likestate.Thenetworkwillbebrokendownbymeltfrozen/crystallizationandweakenedatlargeshearorstrongflowand,evenmoresurprisingly,maybedisruptedbyusingtraceamountofsilanecouplingagentwhichmayblocktheedgeinteractionofplatelets.Thesolid-likestructurecausescharacteristicnon-linearrheologicalbehaviors,e.g.residualstressafterstepshear,abnormalhugestressovershootsinstepflowsand,mostremarkably,thenegativefirstnormalstressfunctionsinsteadyshearorstepflows.Therheologicalandstructuralargumentschallengetheexistingmodelsofstrengthenedentangledpolymernetworkbytetheredpolymerchainsconnectingclayparticlesorbychainsinconfinedmeltsorfrictionalinteractionamongtactoids.Aschemeofpercolatednetworkingofassociatedclayplatelets,whichmayinbandformofedgeconnectingexfoliatedplatelets,issuggestedtoexplainpreviousexperimentalresults.

简介：Molecularimprintedpolymers(MIPs)arenovelfunctionalpolymermaterialsandknownasspecificadsorbentsforthetemplatemolecules.Thesenovelfunctionalpolymershavepromisedpotentialapplicationsinracemicresolution,sensor,chromatography,adsorptiveseparationandotherfields.ThisreviewexhibitstheapproachforpreparingMIPs,thefeaturesofMIPsobtainedbydifferentroutesandthecharacteristicsofadsorptiveseparationswithMIPs.Themolecularrecognitionmechanismandtheideaofthepresentpossibilitiesandlimitationsofmolecularimprintingpolymerizationarediscussedaswell.

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简介：Severalmethodsforinvestigatingthethicknessuniformityofpolymerthinfilmsarepresentedaswellastheirmeasurementprinciples.Acomparisonoftheseexperimentalmethodsisgiven.Thecylindricallightwavereflectionmethodisfoundtocanobtainthethicknessdistributionalongacertaindirection.Itisasimpleandsuitablemethodtoevaluatethefilmthicknessuniformity.

简介：结合的基于聚合物的太阳能电池是寻找在最后一十年的持续、可更新的精力来源的最有希望的设备之一。它是最年轻的领域无机的太阳能电池研究并且目前也当然是最快的成长的。Inaddition，为基于聚合物的太阳能电池与的关键因素高效率是发明新材料。器官的太阳能电池在应用在制造和灵活性由于它的低费用吸引了重要研究和商业兴趣。然而，他们受不了相对低的变换效率。高效率聚合物太阳能电池技术的意义和概念的摘要被介绍。

简介：Researchesonwoodnanocomposites,whichinvolvenanoscienceandtechnology,woodscience,materialsscienceandotherrelatedsubjects,haveimportantsciencesignificationandpromisingprospectforthedevelopmentandstudyofnewwoodcompositeswithhighappendingvaluesandmulti-properties.Thispaperreviewedtheconventionalwoodcomposites,andthendiscussedtheapproachestopreparewoodnanocomposites.Basedontheachievementsofresearchesonpolymer/montmorillonite(MMT)nanocomposites,thedesignideasofpreparingnanocompositesofwoodandinorganicMMTweresystematicallyputforward.Nanocompoundingofwoodandothermaterialsisaneffectiveapproachtogreatlyimproveormodifywood.