简介：SARS正在全球蔓延。我国缺乏必要的紧急公共卫生事件预案，一些医务人员缺乏应对该疾病的正确观念，尤其不幸的是我们还缺乏必要的设备和设施，因此我们不得不面对潜在的疫情扩大的危险。海外，新加坡SARS发病率和死亡率较高。陈笃生医院（TTSH）被指定为装置新加坡全国SARS中心，该院ICU承担了管理SARS的主要任务。卢熹作为TTSHSICU主任，是医院SARS行政管理和临床管理的主要规划者和执行者之一。他们在管理SARS过程中，ICU内员工大范围感染的过程，随后不得不采取“完备的预防措施”后，员工感染率降为零并保持为零。他们的宝贵经验值得我们借鉴。应我的要求，卢熹将他们的经验电邮给我，我将其译为中文，以资国内正在面对或者可能将要SARS的医生、护士和医院管理者借鉴。向全球所有在医疗行政部门以及临床和实验室为管理、研究和治疗SARS的人士致敬。

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简介：皮革行业的国际化一天比一天普及,作为WTO的新成员,中国在国际贸易方面还有很多不足,人才和经验欠缺成了我们跨越国际贸易门槛的障碍,我们期待在国际贸易方面有一定经验或见地的人士,来关注一下皮革业所面临的问题,以促进中国皮革业在国际化的道路上少走弯路。皮革国际营销与常见的消费品营销

简介：ThepurposeofthisstudywastotesttheeffectivenessofsourcevirusstrainforthemanufactureoftheinactivatedSARSvirusvaccine,andestablishanexperimentalmethodandpreliminarystandardforpotencyevaluation.MiceweredividedintogroupsforbeingimmunizedwithcorrespondingseriallydilutedexperimentalSARSvirusinactivatedvaccine.Andtherabbitswereimmunizedwithundilutedvaccine.ChallengeassaywasconductedwithaheterologousSARSvirus.Andtheneutralizationantibodywasdeterminedwithplaquereductionneutralizationtest(PRNT),towhichtheneutralizationantibodyintheconvalescentserumofSARSpatientswascompared.Theexperimentalvaccineviralstrainswereprovedtobesuitableformanufacturingthevaccine.Miceimmunizedbyvaccinesofserialdilutionswereabletoelicitneutralizingantibody.Theantibodytiterfrommiceimmunizedwiththeundilutedvaccinecouldreachupto1:495.2,whilethoseofrabbitsimmunizedwiththeundilutedvaccinecouldreachaGMTof55.0-79.9.ThecapabilityoftheantibodytoneutralizethevirusfromGuangdongismoreefficientthanthatfromBeijing.TheGMTofneutralizingantibodyinSARSconvalescentslivinginsouthandnorthChinarangedfrom50.12to54.95,andthetitersofconvalescentsfromnorthChinawerehigherthanthosefromsouthChina.Miceandrabbitsusedasthemodelforevaluationofpotencyareofsensitivity,andthetestisofreproducibility.Thecandidatechallengeviralstrainsshowedarelativelyconsistenteffectonevaluatingantibodiesproducedbyvariousbatchesanddifferentvaccine-sourcestrains,hencetheycanbeusedtoevaluatepotencyofthevaccine.Themethodfortestingthevaccinepotencyandtheevaluationstandardwasestablishedpreliminarily.

简介：摘要COVID-19的全球大流行使冠状病毒再次引起重视。在本世纪大流行的三种高致病性冠状病毒(SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV-2)研究中，已有直接证据证明SARS-CoV及SARS-CoV-2可引起人眼部感染。冠状病毒感染除引起眼部症状外，也可通过眼部感染引发全身多种临床表现。两种高致病性冠状病毒(SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2)具有更强的流行性及更高的病死率，两种病毒眼部症状相似，病毒结构及眼部感染过程也具有相似性，主要是通过其特异性S蛋白与细胞表面相关受体结合，使其核酸进入细胞内并借用细胞内的蛋白合成通路对自身蛋白进行转录、组装、折叠并通过其受体蛋白激发多种细胞因子表达。本文就2003年流行的SARS-CoV以及2019年末流行的SARS-CoV-2两种高致病性冠状病毒的特点、眼部感染通路的研究进展及病毒眼部感染相关的研究现状进行综述，阐述眼部病毒防护及患者眼部检查的必要性。(国际眼科纵览，2020, 45: 374-379)

简介：传染性非典型肺炎WHO暂拿名为重症急性呼吸综合征(SARS),是一种新型的冠状病毒所致的烈性呼吸道传染病.面对突如其来的非典威胁,医护人员本着救死扶伤的人道主义精神,要克服种种困难,战斗在抗击非典的第一线.

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简介：AbstractThe global spread of SARS-CoV-2 is currently continuing, and the World Health Organization has announced the risk assessment of the viruses as high. In this study, we analyzed virology features of SARS-CoV-2 causing a family cluster outbreak. Among the six family members, five have been laboratory-confirmed infection of SARS-CoV-2 viruses. A total of five SARS-CoV-2 viruses have been isolated from the nasopharyngeal swabs. The complete genome of the viruses exhibited 100% nucleotide identity with each other. Only two nucleotide differences have been observed between genomes of the isolated viruses and the HCoV/Wuhan/IVDC-HB-01/2019 strain. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed as the causation of the family cluster infections.

简介：AbstractWe analyzed variations in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome during a flight-related cluster outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shenzhen, China, to explore the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and intra-host single nucleotide variations (iSNVs) in a confined space. Thirty-three patients with COVID-19 were sampled, and 14 were resampled 3-31 days later. All 47 nasopharyngeal swabs were deep-sequenced. iSNVs and similarities in the consensus genome sequence were analyzed. Three SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, Delta (n = 31), Beta (n = 1), and C.1.2 (n = 1), were detected among the 33 patients. The viral genome sequences from 30 Delta-positive patients had similar SNVs; 14 of these patients provided two successive samples. Overall, the 47 sequenced genomes contained 164 iSNVs. Of the 14 paired (successive) samples, the second samples (T2) contained more iSNVs (median: 3; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.77-10.22) than did the first samples (T1; median: 2; 95% CI: 1.63-3.74; Wilcoxon test, P = 0.021). 38 iSNVs were detected in T1 samples, and only seven were also detectable in T2 samples. Notably, T2 samples from two of the 14 paired samples had additional mutations than the T1 samples. The iSNVs of the SARS-CoV-2 genome exhibited rapid dynamic changes during a flight-related cluster outbreak event. Intra-host diversity increased gradually with time, and new site mutations occurred in vivo without a population transmission bottleneck. Therefore, we could not determine the generational relationship from the mutation site changes alone.

简介：Theactivesiteof3CLproteinase(3CL^por)forcoronaviruswasidentifiedbycomparingthecrystalstructuresofhumanandporcinecoronavirus.Theinhibitorofthemainproteinofrhinovirus(Ag7088)couldbindwith3CL^proofhumancoronavirus,thenitwasselectedasthereferenceformoleculardockinganddatabasescreening.Theligandsfromtwodatabaseswereusedtosearchpotentialleadstructureswithmoleculardocking.SeveralstructuresfromnaturalproductsandACD-SCdatabaseswerefoundtohavelowerbindingfreeenergywith3CL^prothanthatofAg7088.ThesestructureshavesimilarhydrophobicitytoAg7088.Theyhavecomplementaryelectrostaticpotentialandhydrogenbondaeceptoranddonorwith3CL^pro,showingthatthestrategyofanti-SARSdrugdesignbasedonmoleculardockinganddatabasescreeningisfeasible.

简介：2003年，一场突如其来的非典灾害，给我国部分地区人民群众的身体健康和生命安全造成了严重危害。在党中央、国务院的坚强领导下，在全国上下、社会各界的全力支持下，广大医疗、疾控工作人员勇挑重担，恪尽职守，为我国赢得抗非典胜利作出了突出贡献。然而反思SARS的流行，也暴露了我们在应对突发公共卫生事件机制上存在诸多不足之处。为使我们今后能够经受住任何复杂事件的考验，

简介：京城三月,正是桃红柳绿、万象更新、生机勃勃之时,一场来自我国广东省的瘟疫快速横扫了整个京城和国内25个省区。这一严重急性呼吸道综合症,其强烈的传染性,严重的症状,居高不下的死亡率,更加上人类对其的无知,以及尚无有效治疗和预防药物等,给国人带来巨大的心理恐慌。一时间,人人自危,白色口罩,弥漫着过氧乙酸和消毒水的气

简介：摘要2002年在中国广东省佛山市出现了第一起SARS病毒感染的事件，导致的疾病为严重急性呼吸综合征(SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome)又名非典型肺炎。2003年，SARS病毒迅速蔓延开来，席卷了超过33个国家，死亡774人，病死率为9.6%，因此，找到该病毒的源头显得尤为重要而迫切。由中科院武汉病毒研究所石正丽带领的专家团队研究发现SARS冠状病毒源头可能是菊头蝠。

简介：SARS对不同行业影响的差异告诉人们一个道理：危中有机，但前提是经济体有着与自身特点相适应的产业结构，此文试图找到湖南省经济结构优化的模式。

简介：InordertodevelopclinicaldiagnostictoolsforrapiddetectionofSARS-CoV(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome-associatedcoronavirus)andtoidentifycandidateproteinsforvaccinedevelopment,theC-terminalportionofthenucleocapsid(NC)genewasamplifiedusingRT-PCRfromtheSARS-CoVgenome,clonedintoayeastexpressionvector(pEGH),andexpressedasaglutathioneS-transferase(GST)andHisx6double-taggedfusionproteinunderthecontrolofaninduciblepromoter.WesternanalysisonthepurifiedproteinconfirmedtheexpressionandpurificationoftheNCfusionproteinsfromyeast.Todetermineitsantigenicity,thefusionproteinwaschallengedwithserumsamplesfromSARSpatientsandnormalcontrols.TheNCfusionproteindemonstratedhighantigenicitywithhighspecificity,andtherefore,itshouldhavegreatpotentialindesigningclinicaldiagnostictoolsandprovideusefulinformationforvaccinedevelopment.

简介：<正>对80例SARS患者进行流行病学凋查分析。结果:72例患者(90％)有明确的SARS患者接触史,接触时间最短仅20min,潜伏期2-20天,平均为(7.6±4.3)天。80例患者中医务人员占66.3％(53/80),非医务人员为33.7％(27/80);两组中有接触史的例数分别为49例(92.5％)和23例(85.2％),两者

简介：目的分析2003年非典预防用药中存在的不合理用药问题。方法对全军药品不良反应监测甲心收到的102例非典预防用药不良反应病例作出总结归纳，对相关内容进行分析。结果102例预防用药中，药品的用法用量，用药人群等都存在着一定的不合理性。结论非典时期的预防用药存在着一定的合理用药问题，建议非常时期用药也应当考虑到药物的安全性，不能盲目用药。

简介：针对某市最近6年来的历史数据,建立了灰色预测模型,预测出2003年正常情况下部分经济指标的发展规律,再根据实际统计数据,从而可以计算出因SARS疫情对2003年相应的经济指标所造成的损失做出评估.

简介：本文用层次分析的方法,对防治SARS的5种方案进行了排序,其结果顺序为:P1把SARS病人安置在传染病院或特定医院(特定医院),权值为:0.4295;P2把SARS病人安置在普通医院(普通医院),权值为:0.2148;P3穿好防护服装防止飞沫传播(飞沫),权值为:0.1172;P4做好消毒、洗手工作(消毒),权值为:0.0665;P5室内勤通风(通风),权值为:0.0096.层次分析法有助于领导者防治SARS决策的科学化.

简介：严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)是一种经呼吸道传播的急性传染病,其主要病变表现亦在肺部.在SARS的急性期,患者多表现为低氧血症,重症SARS患者出现呼吸窘迫症(ARDS).因此对ARDS的救治是降低患者病死率的关键.机械通气是治疗ARDS的重要措施[1].由于SARS是一种烈性呼吸道传播疾病,医护人员在为SARS患者行气管插管时容易被感染.所以对于SARS患者呼吸困难的纠正,我们首选无创正压通气.我院是北京市首批SARS定点医院之一,共收治了150多名确诊的SARS患者.在治疗中我们发现,早期正确及时地使用无创正压通气能有效地纠正患者的低氧血症,帮助患者渡过急性期,从而缩短病程,使大部分患者免于行有创通气,也减少了医护人员被感染的危险.