简介：Thetransientfracturebehaviorofafunctionallygradedlayeredstructuresubjectedtoanin-planeimpactloadisinvestigated.Thestudiedstructureiscomposedoftwohomogeneouslayersandafunctionallygradedinterlayerwithacrackperpendiculartotheboundaries.Theimpactloadisappliedonthefaceofthecrack.FouriertransformandLaplacetransformmethodsareusedtoformulatethepresentproblemintermsofasingularintegralequationinLaplacetransformdomain.Consideringvariationsofparameterssuchasthenonhomogeneityconstant,thethicknessratioandthecracklength,thedynamicstressintensityfactors(DSIFs)intimedomainarestudiedandsomemeaningfulconclusionsareobtained.

简介：Thediscreteiterativemapmodelofpeakcurrent-modecontrolledbuckconverterwithconstantcurrentload(CCL),containingtheoutputvoltagefeedbackandrampcompensation,isestablishedinthispaper.BasedonthismodelthecomplexdynamicsofthisconverterisinvestigatedbyanalyzingbifurcationdiagramsandtheLyapunovexponentspectrum.Theeffectsoframpcompensationandoutputvoltagefeedbackonthestabilityoftheconverterareinvestigated.Experimentalresultsverifythesimulationandtheoreticalanalysis.Thestabilityboundaryandchaosboundaryareobtainedunderthetheoreticalconditionsofperiod-doublingbifurcationandbordercollision.Itisfoundthattherearefouroperationregionsinthepeakcurrent-modecontrolledbuckconverterwithCCLduetoperiod-doublingbifurcationandborder-collisionbifurcation.Researchresultsindicatethatrampcompensationcanextendthestableoperationrangeandtransfertheoperatingmode,andoutputvoltagefeedbackcaneventuallyeliminatethecoexistingfast-slowscaleinstability.

简介：Whenanaircraftishoveringordoingadive-hikeflightatafixedspeed,aconstantadditionalinertialforcewillbeinducedtotherotorsystemoftheaero-engine,whichcanbecalledaconstantmaneuverload.Takehoveringasanexample.AJeffcottrotorsystemwithabiasedrotorandseveralnonlinearelasticsupportsismodeled,andthevibrationcharacteristicsoftherotorsystemunderaconstantmaneuverloadareanalyticallystudied.Byusingthemultiple-scalemethod,thedifferentialequationsofthesystemaresolved,andthebifurcationequationsareobtained.Then,thebifurcationsofthesystemareanalyzedbyusingthesingularitytheoryforthetwovariables.IntheEG-plane,whereEreferstotheeccentricityoftherotorandGrepresentstheconstantmaneuverload,twohysteresispointsetsandonedoublelimitpointsetareobtained.Thebifurcationdiagramsarealsoplotted.Itisindicatedthattheresonanceregionsofthetwovariableswillshifttotherightwhentheaircraftismaneuvering.Furthermore,themovementalongthehorizontaldirectionisfasterthanthatalongtheverticaldirection.Thus,thedifferentoverlappingmodesofthetworesonanceregionswillbringaboutdifferentbifurcationmodesduetothenonlinearcouplingeffects.Thisresultlaysatheoreticalfoundationforcontrollingthestabilityoftheaero-engine’srotorsystemunderamaneuverload.

简介：FieldexperimentswereconductedontotalloadtransportintheChelichayRiverBasin,amountainouscatchment(1,400km~2)locatedinnortheasternofIran,toevaluatetotalloadformulasincludingfourgravelbedriversandasandbedriver(QaresooRiver).GravelbedriversinChelichayRiverBasincanbegroupedintotwotypes;steepsloperiverswithhighshearvalues(ChehelchayRiverandKhormalooRiver)andmildsloperiverswithlowshearvalues(NarmabRiverandSoosaraRiver).Twodepthintegratingsuspendedloadsamplers(DH-48andD-49),andtwobedloadsamplers(Helley-SmithandBLSH)wereusedtomeasuretotalload.Theperformanceistestedof8totalloadtransportformulaeincluding4macroscopicand4microscopicmethods.Asystematicandthoroughanalysisof59setsofdatacollectedfromsandbedriverindicatethatYangandEngelundandHansenreachtothebetterresults,andfromfourgravelbedriversconfirmedthatthemethodsofKarimandKennedyandEngelundandHansenyieldsthebestresultsforsteepsloperivers,andthemethodsofEinsteinandBijkerarerankedhighestingradualsloperivers.

简介：在山溪流的床负担运输仔细被连接到streambed结构。Strambed结构是在极端洪水期间扔的大石头和卵石的安排，在展出流动的高驱散的一种稳定的配置。领域实验在云南在一条山溪流被执行，西南的中国，三典型streambeds上的学习的床负担运动，即与开发的井，部分发展了，并且没有结构。一在水下观察和捕获录像的系统被设计观察并且测量床负担粒子的运动。在三个条件下面的床负担粒子的开始模式，轨道，速度，和加速被观察并且分析。结果证明床负担运动高度与streambed状况被联系。与开发得好的结构，床负担粒子通过跳跃间歇地移动了，床负担运输率是很低的。为部分开发的结构，大多数床负担粒子通过跳跃移动了，但是沉积的部分搬进来滑动并且滚动。在没有streambed结构(飞机床)的情况中联系负担运动(滑动并且滚动)逐渐地变得主导。而且，把压成薄片的负担运动发生了并且当流动分泌物和到来的沉积负担很高时，成为了床负担运输的主要部件。把压成薄片的负担运动是有极其高的紧张的床负担运动的一种特殊形式。两个都扮演浪费流动体力并且是的床负担运输和streambed结构互相抑制。床负担运输的高率在溪流发生了没有或差的床结构，和低床负担运输与很好发达的结构被联系。床负担运输率相反地被相关到streambed开发的度。

简介：Thestraindifferenceofsteelandconcreteunderverticalconcentratedloadwasanalyzedonthebasisofelastictheory,andwascomparedwithidealsolutionofsteelandconcreteunderverticaluniformload.Theresultsindicatethatthecomputingformulaconcludedfromthepaperisbelievable.Thepracticalstructureusuallybearsconcentratedload,soitcanbeusedinthepracticalengineering.

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简介：Demandresponse(DR)isgainingmoreandmoreimportanceinthearchitectureofpowersystemsinacontextofflexibleloadsandhighshareofintermittentgeneration.ChangesinelectricitymarketsregulationinseveralcountrieshaverecentlyenabledaneffectiveintegrationofDRmechanismsinpowersystems.Throughitsflexiblecomponents(pumps,tanks),drinkingwatersystemsaresuitablecandidatesforenergy-efficientDRmechanisms.However,thesesystemsareoftenmanagedindependentlyofpowersystemoperationforbotheconomicandoperationalreasons.Indeed,asufficientlevelofeconomicviabilityandwaterdemandsriskmanagementarenecessaryforwaterutilitiestointegratetheirflexibilitiestopowersystemoperation.Inthispaper,weproposedamathematicalmodelforoptimizingpumpschedulesinwatersystemswhiletradingDRblocsinaspotpowermarketduringpeaktimes.Uncertaintiesaboutwaterdemandswereconsideredinthemathematicalmodelallowingtoproposepowerreductionscoveringthepotentialriskofreal-timewaterdemandforecastinginaccuracy.NumericalresultswerediscussedonarealwatersysteminFrance,demonstratingbotheconomicandecologicalbenefits.

简介：这份报纸在水分泌物的时间系列和黄河的沉积负担检验变化进Bohai海。为了决定突然的变化的特征和水的多尺度的时期，分泌物和沉积装载，从Lijin的数据车站被分析，并且回声时期当时是计算的。Mann-Kendall测试，聚类的顺序，力量光谱，和小浪分析被用来在最后62年观察水分泌物和沉积负担进海。在进海的水分泌物的最重要的突然的变化在1985发生了，并且在沉积负担的一个突然的变化发生在一样的年里。分别地，64.6%和73.8%的重要减少在1985前在水分泌物和沉积负担被观察。在水分泌物和沉积负担的更重要的突然的变化在1968和1996被观察。进Bohai海表演的水分泌物和沉积负担的特征在内部年度、十的规模的周期的摆动。而沉积负担的主要经期是10.67年，4.27年，和2.78年，水分泌物的主要经期是9.14年和3.05年。在水分泌物和沉积负担之间的重要回声时期在下列时间的规模被观察：2.86年，4.44年，和13.33年。水分泌物和沉积负担开始在1970以后减少并且自从1985，为几个原因显著地减少了。第一，黄河排水区域的降水后来减少了1970。第二，大规模人的活动例如水库和制约的大楼，增加了。第三，自从1985，水和土壤保存生效了。

简介：床负担的数量是在沉积运输研究的一个重要物理参数。在床负担测量瞄准困难，这篇论文开发一个装底部的监视器由采用沉积坑方法并且解决象称和desilting的如此的关键问题测量床负担运输率，它能完成长期，平凡的河，河口和海岸的床负担运输率的全天候、即时的telemeasurement。实验室和这个监视器是合理的在的领域测试表演设计，在性质稳定、方便在里面测量，和它能被用来在实际工程监视床负担运输率。

简介：为了调查autoclaved的地震行为，给忍受负担的石工技术墙(AACLMW)，没有构造上的措施的一面控制块墙和五块与不同构造上的措施围的水泥充气了被测试在下面低颠倒的周期的装载它模仿了对中等地震力量低。有不同构造上的措施的AACLMW的地震行为以失败模式，hysteretic曲线，变丑能力和排水量韧性被学习并且与那相比没有构造上的措施。试验性的结果显示包括构造上的柱和水平具体脱衣的构造上的措施为改进AACLMW的地震行为是有效的。在这份报纸的学习以后能为进一步的分析和AACLMW的工程申请提供一个可靠试验性的基础。

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简介：ScaleeffectofISWsloadsonFloatingProductionStorageandOffloading(FPSO)isstudiedinthispaper.TheapplicationconditionsofKdV,eKdVandMCCISWstheoriesareusedinthenumericalmethod.ThedepthaveragedvelocitiesinducedbyISWsareusedforthevelocity-inletboundary.Threescalerationumericalmodelsλ=1,20and300wereselected,whichthescaleratioisthesizeratioofnumericalmodelstotheexperimentalmodel.Thecomparisonsbetweenthenumericalandformerexperimentalresultsareperformedtoverifythefeasibilityofnumericalmethod.Thecomparisonsbetweenthenumericalandsimplifiedtheoreticalresultsareperformedtodiscusstheapplicabilityofthesimplifiedtheoreticalmodelsummarizedfromtheloadexperiments.Firstly,thenumericalresultsofλ=1numericalmodelshowedagoodagreementwithformerexperimentalandsimplifiedtheoreticalresults.ItisfeasibletosimulatetheISWsloadsonFPSObythenumericalmethod.Secondly,thecomparisonsbetweentheresultsofthreescalerationumericalmodelsandexperimentalresultsindicatedthatthescaleratioshavemoresignificantinfluenceontheexperimentalhorizontalforcesthantheverticalforces.Thescaleeffectofhorizontalforcesmainlyresultsfromthedifferentviscosityeffectsassociatedwiththemodel’sdimension.Finally,throughthecomparisonsbetweenthenumericalandsimplifiedtheoreticalresultsforthreescaleratiomodels,thesimplifiedtheoreticalmodelofthepressuredifferenceandfrictionforcesexertedbyISWsonFPSOisappliedforlarge-scaleorfull-scaleFPSO.

简介：Effectsofexhaustgasrecirculation(EGR)onhomogeneouschargecombustionofn-heptanewasstudiedthroughsimulationandexperiment.Experimentswerecarriedoutinasinglecylinder,four-stroke,aircooledengineandasinglecylinder,two-stroke,watercooledengine.Inthefour-strokeengine,experimentsoftheeffectsofEGRwereexaminedusingheatedN2additionasasurrogateforexternalEGRandmodifyingenginetoincreaseinternalEGR.TheignitiontimingwassensitivetoEGRduetothermalandchemicaleffects.EGRorextraairisakeyfactorineliminatingknockduringmid-loadconditions.Forhigherloadoperationtheonlywaytoavoidknockistocontrolreactiontimingthroughtheuseofsparkignition.Experimentalandmodelingresultsfromthetwo-strokeengineshowthatauto-ignitioncanbeavoidedbyincreasingtheenginespeed.Thetwo-strokeengineexperimentsindicatethathighlevelsofinternalEGRcanenablesparkignitionatleanconditions.Athigherloadconditions,increasingtheenginespeedisaneffectivemethodtocontroltransitionfromhomogeneouschargecompressionignition(HCCI)operationtonon-HCCIoperationandsuccessfulsparkignitionofahighlydilutemixturecanavoidseriousknock.

简介：MYSQL注入中，load_file（）函数在获得WebShell以及提权过程中起着十分重要的作用，常被用来读取如下所示的各种配置文件。

简介：在有高地震的危险的地点的风汽轮机的宽推广导致了工程师考虑如此的结构的一个更全面的地震图案。汽轮机特定的指南通常使用简化方法并且认为许多假设把地震需求与完成这些结构的设计的另外的运作的负担相结合。当汽轮机在尺寸和能力增加，在地震负担和空气动力学的负担之间的相互作用变得甚至更重要。响应对能执行风和地震负担的联合模拟的一个计算工具的需要，一个地震模块为快代码被开发并且在这描述了研究。这个平台允许在这工业工作直接考虑在之间的相互作用的工程师地震并且为汽轮机的另外的环境负担。这篇论文详细说明这个平台的实际应用程序和理论并且为不同能力的使用提供例子。站台然后被用来与由估计适当负担因素的空气动力学的抑制的含蓄的考虑显示出合适的地震和运作的负担联合。

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简介：-Thedynamicbucklingofelasto-plasticcylindricalshellsunderaxialfluid-solidimpactisinvestigatedtheoretically.Asimplifiedliquid-gas-structuremodelisgiventoapproximatelyimitatetheproblem.Thebasicequationofthestructureisderivedfromaminimumprincipleindynamicsofelasto-plasticcontinuaatfinitedeformation,andtheflowtheoryofplasticityisemployed.Theliquidisincompressibleandthegasiscompressedadiabatically.Anumberofnumericalresultsarepresentedandthecharacteristicsofthebucklingbehaviorunderfluid-solidimpactareillustrated.

简介：WithvonMisesyieldcriterion,theloadingrangeofNetSectionCollapse(NSC)Criteriaisextendedfromcombinedtensionandbendingloadingstocombinedbending,torsionandinternalpressureloadings.AnewtheoreticalanalyzingmethodofplasticlimitloadforpressurepipewithincompleteweldingdefectsbasedontheextendedNSCCriteriaispresentedandthecorrelativeformulasarededuced,theinfluencesofpipecurvature,circumferentiallengthanddepthofincompleteweldingdefectsontheplasticlimitloadofpressurepipeareconsideredaswellinthismethod.Meanwhile,accordingtotheorthogonalexperimentaldesignmethod,theplasticlimitloadsarecalculatedbythefiniteelementmethodandcomparedwiththetheoreticalvalues.Theresultsshowthattheexpressionsofplasticlimitloadofpressurepipewithincompleteweldingdefectsunderbending,torsionandinternalpressurebasedonextendedNSCcriteriaarereliable.Thestudyprovidesanimportanttheoreticalbasisfortheestablishmentofsafetyassessmentmeasuretowardspressurepipewithincompleteweldingdefects.