简介:Anovelsidechainliquidcrystallinepolymer(SCLCP)combiningthepolysiloxaneasmainchainwithazo-basedmesogenmoietiesassidechainthroughaflexiblespacerhasbeensynthesizedbythehydrosilylationreactionusingCp2PtCl2ascatalyst.Thephasetransitionbehaviorofbothsidechainmonomer(AZO-C6C11)andpolymer(P-AZO-C6C11)hasbeencharacterizedviacombinationofhot-stagepolarizedmicroscope,DSCandX-raydiffractionmethods(includingtemperature-variationandquenchingtechniques).Asnormal,thetransitionprocessincludedK→S→N→I.Somepretransitionfeatureshavebeenobserved.
简介:Wereportthemicrostructureevolutionofcopper(Cu)nm-sizedatomicislandsonsiliconeoilsurfacesintheambientatmosphere.Theoriginofthesenearlyfreesustainingatomicislandsisexplainedbyathree-stagegrowthmodel.Thefirststageisthenucleationandgrowthofatomicgranules.Subsequently,thecompactatomicislandsgrowbytheaggregationoftheatomicgranules.Finally,theyadheretoeachotherandformbranchedatomicislands.Duringthecharacteristicevolution,theatomicgranulesreconstructandtheaverageheightoftheatomicislandsincreasesfrom7.0±1.0nmto13.0±1.0nm.ThedetailedevolutionmechanismoftheCuatomicislandsispresented.
简介:Aseriesofliquidcrystallinepolymerswithtwo-dimensionalmesogenicunitsweresynthesizedbysolutionpolycondensationatlowtemperature.Allthepolymerswereliquidcrystalline.ThemeltingtemperatureT_m(exceptthatwithsubstituentofmethoxy)andtheclearingtemperatureT_iofthepolymerschangeregularlywithvaryingofthelengthofthealkylsubstituentgroups.
简介:Helixunwindinginferroelectricliquidcrystalsinducedbyanelectricfieldistheoreticallystudiedonthebasisofthecontinuumtheory.Byapplyingaweakelectricfieldtiltedtothesmecticlayers,thecontributionofthedielectricinteractionenergydensitytothetotalfreeenergydensityisincreased.Approximationmethodsareusedtocalculatethefreeenergyfordifferenttiltanglesbetweentheelectricfieldandthesmecticlayers.Theobtainedresultssuggestselectingtheoptimalnumberofpitchesinthefilmthatmatchestotheminimumofthefreeenergy.
简介:Theinfluencingfactorsforliquidphasecatalyticoxidationofminegastomethanol(informofCH3COOCH3)arestudiedusingtheself-establishedexperimentalapparatus.TheresultsshowthatCH3COOCH3(targetproduct)isobtainedbyusingCH3COOHasreactionsolvent,andtheyieldoftargetproductincreaseswiththeincreasingofreactiontemperature,gaspressureandreactiontime.Intheminegas-Pd(OAc)2-CH3COOHsystem,theyieldofCH3COOCH3increaseswiththeincreasingofadditionofPd(OAc)2whichisredoxcatalystforminegasconversion.TheyieldofCH3COOCH3willbegreatlyimprovedbycompositeadditionaloxidantwhichisobtainedbyequimolarmixofp-benzoquinonewithNO2.
简介:被动控制系统的各种各样的类型被用来在最近的年里压制结构的地震反应。在这些系统之中,调节了液体列Dampers(TLCD)由在容器联合液体团的运动的效果浪费输入地震体力,液体上的恢复力量由于严肃负担并且通过孔由于液体运动抑制。在这研究,象频率内容和土壤那样的地震刺激特征的效果用非线性的时间历史分析在TLCD的地震表演上调节reinvestigated。在这方面在伊朗的过去的地震地面运动记录之中,有不同参数的16个记录被选择。在开发的结构的模型,依附的TLCD作为一个调节的团被模仿更潮湿(TMD)有一样的颤动时期并且作为原来的TLCD抑制比率。数字结果证明地震刺激特征经常在排水量减小能力上有一个实质的角色液晶显示器和他们应该在TLCD的设计因此被考虑。
简介:Aliquid-nitrogen-cooledTm,Ho:YLFlaserisconstructedwitha10-mm-longTm(6%)andHo(0.5%)co-dopedyttriumlithiumfluoridecrystalpumpedbyalaserdiodeoperatingat792nm.ThelaseroutputpowerisimprovedbycoolingtheTm,Ho:YLFcrystalfrom300to77K.Whenthecrystaliskeptat77K,thelaserthresholdpumppoweris230mW,theslopeefficiencyis27.4%,andthemaximumoptical-to-opticalefficiencyis19.9%.Atthesametime,therelationbetweentheinputpowerandtheoutputpoweratdifferenttemperaturesisobtained.
简介:Fourtriazoleenantiomersofdiclobutrazol(erythroform)(1),paclobutrazol(erythroform)(2),diniconazole(3)anduniconazole(4)havebeenseparatedbyhighperformanceliquidchro-matography(HPLC)onchiralstationaryphase(CSP)OA-4700.Chromatographicdataandachiralrecongnitionmodelarepresentedfortheseparationofthesepesticideenantiomers.Theinfluenceofcolumntemperatureandcompositionofmobilephasehavebeendescribed.
简介:ThispaperpresentsacanonicalHamiltonianmodelofliquidsloshingforthecontainercoupledwithspacecraft.Ellipticalshapeofrigidbodyisconsideredasspacecraftstructure.Hamiltoniansystemisanimportantformofmechanicalsystem.Itmostlyusedtostabilizethepotentialshapingofdynamicalsystem.Freesurfacemovementofliquidinsidethecontaineriscalledsloshing.Ifthereisuncontrolledresonancebetweenthemotionoftankandliquid-frequencyinsidethetankthensuchsloshingcanbeareasonofattitudedisturbanceorstructuraldamageofspacecraft.Equivalentmechanicalmodelofsimplependulumormassattachedwithspringforsloshingisusedbymanyresearchers.MassattachedwithspringisusedasanequivalentmodelofsloshingtoderivethemathematicalequationsintermsofHamiltonianmodel.AnalyticalmethodofLyapunovfunctionwithCasimirenergyfunctionisusedtofindthestabilityforspacecraftdynamics.Verticalaxialrotationistakenasthemajoraxialsteadyrotationforthemovingrigidbody.
简介:Inthispaper,thebasicequationsoftwo-phaseliquidmetalflowinamagneticfieldarede-rived,andspecifically,two-phaseliquidmetalMHDflowinarectangularchannelisstudied,andtheexpres-sionsofvelocitydistributionofliquidandgasphasesandtheratioK0ofthepressuredropintwo-phaseMHDflowtothatinsingle-phasearederived.ResultsofcalculationshowthattheratioK0issmallerthanunityanddecreaseswithincreasingvoidfractionandHartmannnumberbecausetheeffectiveelectricalconduc-tivityinthetwo-phasecasedecreases.
简介:Aliquidmodifiedphotoniccrystalfiber(PCF)integratedwithanembeddeddirectionalcouplerandmulti-modeinterferometerisfabricatedbyinfiltratingthreeadjacentairholesoftheinnermostlayerwithstandard1.48refractiveindexliquids.Therefractiveindexofthefilledliquidishigherthanthatofbackgroundsilica,whichcannotonlysupportthetransmittingrodmodesbutalsothe'liquidmodifiedcore'modespropagatingbetweenthePCFcoreandtheliquidrods.Hence,thelightpropagatingintheliquidmodifiedcorecanbeefficientlycoupledintothesatellitewaveguidesunderthephase-matchingconditions,resultinginadramaticdecreaseoftheresonantwavelengthintensity.Furthermore,thereisamulti-modeinterferenceproducedbymodifiedcoremodesandrodmodes.Suchacompact(~0.91cm)deviceintegratedwithanembeddedcouplerandinterferometerisdemonstratedforhigh-sensitivitysimultaneoustemperature(~14.72nm∕℃)andstrain(~13.01pm∕με)measurement.
简介:Numericalsimulationsusingvolumeoffluid(VOF)methodareperformedtostudytheimpactofliquid-to-gasdensityratioonthetrajectoryofnonturbulentliquidjetsingaseouscrossflows.Inthispaper,largeeddysimulation(LES)turbulencemodeliscoupledwiththeVOFmethodtodescribetheturbulenceeffectsaccurately.Inaddition,dynamicadaptivemeshrefinementmethodwithtworefinementlevelsisappliedtorefinethesizeofthecellslocatedatgas-liquidinterface.Densityratioischangedfrom10to5000whileothernondimensionalnumbersarekeptconstant.Largedensityratiosareconsideredinthispapersincetheyarecommoninmanypracticalapplicationssuchassolutionprecursor/suspensionplasmasprays.Oursimulationsshowthatthepenetrationheight,especiallyinthefarfield,increasesasthedensityratioincreases.Ageneralcorrelationforthejettrajectory,whichcanbeusedforawiderangeofdensityratios,isdevelopedbasedonoursimulationresults.
简介:在这份报纸,导弹影响的充满液体的试管的影响盒子的数字模拟与获得的商业有限元素代码LS-DYNA,和结果被进行与试验性的数据相比验证采用的数字模拟模型的有效性。与验证数字方法,当象indenter的团,液体的密度或影响速度那样的参数被改变,另外的条件被作为一样时,影响一根空或充满液体的三跨度的连续管状的横梁的钝indenter的动态反应的进程被学习。模拟结果显示批评穿孔精力和管子的墙的变丑被液体和压力的存在显著地影响。充满试管的液体提供一个基础压力抵抗并且本地化变丑,它可以影响穿孔过程并且导致弹道的限制的减小。模拟结果也显示液体密度的增加填了试管愿望减少弹道的限制,而是液体密度一定在某范围。当它通过对数的转变变得线性时,在试管的弹道的限制速度和影响导弹的团之间的关系在笛卡儿的坐标是非线性的。