简介：ToinvestigatedifferencesinphysiologicalcharacteristicsofgrowthandphysiologicalbasisofhighgrowthvigorinthefirstgenerationofPopulusdeltoideswhicharefromdifferentgrowthvigorclones,herewechosetwogroupsofseedlingswithdifferentgrowthvigor:high（A）andlow（B）.Indexesofphenotypeandphysiologyweresuccessivelymeasuredtostudythegrowth,photosynthesisandnutrientabsorption.Thereweresignificantorverysignificantdifferencesindrymassofroot,stem,leafandthetotalbiomassbetweenAandB.Drymatterofrootshadthesmallestproportionindifferentcomponents,andthelargestproportionwassteminA,whiletheleafhadthelargestproportioninB.ChangesingrowthandphysiologicalcharacteristicsshowedacertainregularityduringJunetoSeptember.AllclonesgrewthemostrapidlyandphysiologicalcharacteristicsvariedthemostsignificantlyinJuly.Correlationanalysisshowedthatseedlingheightandgrounddiameterwerebothsignificantlycorrelatedtoleafarea,nightrespirationrate,NH4-uptakerateandthetotalphotosyntheticrate（R>0.826,P<0.05）,suggestingthattheseedlinggrowthwasmainlyaffectedbytheirowntotalphotosyntheticcapacity,nutrientabsorptionandnightrespirationconsumption.Ingeneral,AwassuperiortoBinallthesefactors,whichconstructphysiologicalbasisofthehighgrowthvigor.

简介：Firegrowthmodelcanpredictfirebehavior,whichcanguidefirefightingactivitiesandassessesfiremanagementpolicies.Thispaperanalyzedthemainfactorsaffectingfiresimulation,andsummariedthecurrentgrowthmodelsincludingempirical,semi-empiricalandphysicalmodels.Thewidelyusedfiregrowthsimulationsoftwareswereoutlinedinthepaper,whichincludePrometheus,BehavePlus,Farsite,etc.Finally,thepaperdiscussedthelimitationsoffiregrowthmodelsandtheirfuturedevelopment.

简介：Growthmodelisanefficientwaytostudygrowingprocessofsomefactorsofplantsquantitatively.HeightgrowthofKoreanpine(Pinuskoraiensis)wasstudiedbyusingHyperbolaequation,Logisticequation,Richardsequationwiththreeparameters,andRichardsequationwithfourparametersinthispaper.TheresultsshowedthatRichardsequationwithfourparameterswasthemostsuitableandcouldbeturnedintoothertheoreticalequationswhensomeparametersweregivendifferentvalue.ThemaximumheightoftreescouldbegiveninadvancewhenusingRichardsequationwithfourparameters,anditwasevenmorecorrespondingtoreality.Inaddition,aheightgrowthmodelwithrealheightoffixedageasaparameterwasdiscussedinthispaper.Thiskindofgrowthmodelcouldbeusedtocalculateheightgrowthofagiventreeeffectively.

简介：ThispaperestablishedanintegratedstandgrowthmodelofMongolianoak(ISGM_oak)usingthedatafrom61permanentsampleplotsmeasuredin1997and2007.ISGM_oakisagroupofnonlinearsimultaneousequations.Themethodofnonlinearerror-in-variablesimultaneousequationsisusedtoestimatetheparametersofISGMoakwiththestatisticalsoftwareForstat2.0,sotheparameterestimationofthegroupofcorrelatedequationsinISGMoakisunbiasedandtheequationsarecompatible.Modelvalidationusingbootstrapmethodshowedthatboththeaveragerelativeerrorandsquareerrorarelessthan15percent.TheISGM_oakmodelcanbeusedtosimulatethestandgrowthwithdifferentvaluesofsiteindex,standdensityandtodrawstanddensitymanagementdiagramfordecision-making.

简介：在这个实验的斜杠处理的三个方法不是处理，长带堆并且烧。从这研究获得的结果证明土壤侵蚀，水和滋养的损失在由由堆的没有处理和长带比在记载的区域烧的记载的区域是更高的。当记载的区域的斜坡度是不到16o时，土壤和水损失不是严肃的。种的幼苗的幸存率更高，生长在由堆的没有处理和长带比在记载的区域烧跟随的记载的区域更好。当斜坡多于23o时，烧不应该被使用。

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简介：Eightprovenancesof19-year-oldPiceakoraiensisNakaifromtheprovenancetrialsofMaoershan(45°20'N,127°30'E),Liangeshui(47°10'N,128°53'E)andJiagedaqi(50°24'N,124°07'E)inNortheastChinawereinvestigatedtoanalyzethegeneticvariationingrowthcharacteristics(treeheightanddiameter)andwoodcharacteristics(tracheidlength,tracheiddiameter,tracheidwallthickness,annualringwidthaswellaswooddensity).Greatvariationinheightgrowthandbreastheightdiametergrowthwasobservedamongtheprovenances,andalongwiththeincreaseoftreeage,theseprovenancespresenteddifferentgeographicadaptability.ThegrowthcharacteristicsofPiceakoraiensisstandatageof10inMaoershanandLiangshuiprovenancetrialshadapositivecorrelationwithlongitude,andwithincreaseoftreeageto15and19,thetreegrowthoftheprovenancesdisplayedasignificantpositivecorrelationwithlatitudeaswellasaltitude.Forwoodcharacteristics,greatvariationwasalsofoundamongtheprovenances.Thereexistsacloserelationbetweengrowthcharacteristicsandwoodpropertiesoftheprovenance.Theheightandbreastheightdiametergrowthoftheprovenancehadapositivecorrelationwithtracheiddiameterandannualringwidth,andanegativecorrelationwithtracheidwallthicknessandwooddensity.Geneticperformanceoftheprovenanceinallabovecharacteristicswasalsoinvestigatedinordertoprovidemoreusefulinformationforcomprehensiveselectionofthisspeciesforpulpwoodandplywoodproduction.

简介：Thispaperaimstoconfirmtheoptimalpruningintensitytopromotepaulowniagrowth.Annualdynamicof8growthindicatorsforpruningofthree-year-oldPaulowniatopromotetnmkextensionweresimulatedunder7treatments.TheresultsshowedthatannualgrowthprocesscouldbemodeledreliablybyRichards'function.Eightgrowthparametersweredevelopedincludingfast-growingpoint(t0),initialpointoffast-growingperiod(tl),finalpointoffast-growingperiod(t2),fast-growingperiod(t),growthperiod(Dg),maximumdayincrement(AGRmax),maximumannualincrement(A).Effectsofpruningtopromotetrunkextensionongrowthparameterswereanalyzed.Paulowniaremaining3-6lowerbranchesafterpruninghadrelativelylongerfast-growingperiod(t),growthperiod(Dg),higheraveragedayincrement(Am),maximumdayincrement(AGRmax)andmaximumannualincrement(A).Therefore,lowerdiametergrowthoforiginaltrunkdidnotdecreasesignificantly,andupperdiametergrowthincreasedtosomeextent,Heightanddiametergrowthofgraftingtrunk,andformratioofgraftingtrunkwererelativelyhigher.Totalstockvolumeincrementwasimprovedsignificantlyundertheconditionthatstockvolumeincrementoforiginaltrunkdidnotdecrease.

简介：Alongwiththedevelopmentofcomputertechniques,theapplicationofcomputerinthree-dimensionalvisualizationsimulationofplantgrowthprocesshasbeenpaidmoreandmoreattention.TakingCunninghamialanceolataasanexample,themorphologicalparametersfromtheperspectiveofthevisualsimulationweredesignedandthetrees’morphologicalcharacteristicswereanalyzedbasedonthesurveydata.CombinedwithIFS(IteratedFunctionSystem)underthecontrolofthegrowthcurve,byusingObject-orienteddesignmethods,andaccordingtoAPIandmodelrenderingtechnologyprovidedbyDIRECTX9.0,athree-dimensionalvisualizationsystemonthegrowthanddevelopmentofC.lanceolataindividualtreeweredevelopedonthe.NETandDIRECTX9.0platforms,whichrealizedthestaticanddynamicthree-dimensionalvisualizationsimulation.

简介：Forestgrowthismainlycurrentlymonitoredusingin-situmeasurementsinnortheastofChina.Toeffectivelymonitorforestgrowthdisturbanceatlargescale,weattemptedtouseremotesensingtechnique,particularly,timeseriesMODISdatafrom2004to2006.Theannualtimeseriesof8-dayenhancedvegetationindex(EVI)datasetwasgeneratedandsmoothedusingaSavitzky-Golayfilter.TheEVItrajectoryduringgrowthseasonwassimulatedusingalogisticmodel.Fromthesimulatedtrajectory,theEVIareaofgrowthseasonandannualEVIentropywerecalculated.Thesetwofactorswerecombinedtomapthedisturbanceregionsofforestgrowth.Finally,thedisturbanceregionswereverifiedusingasetofrandomsamples.Theresultindicatesthatthedisturbancepointshavedistinctivelyhigherentropyandlowerpeak.SomeofthesepointsalsoshowabruptEVIdeclineduringthemidseasonofthepeakphasesordoublepeaks.Thisapproachisdemonstratedtobefeasiblefordisturbancemonitoringofforestgrowth.

简介：Thisstudyinvestigatestheeffectsofincreasingsoilpenetrationresistance(SPR)onseedlingmorphologyandseedlingarchitecture.WhenseedlingsofdeciduousCappadocianmaple(AcercappadocicumGled.)weregrowninagreenhouseinaloamysoilunderawiderangeofsoilcompactions,allmorphologicalvariablesstudiedchangedsignificantlywithincreasingSPR.TherelationshipsbetweenincreasingSPRandallmorphologicalresponsesexceptlateralrootlengthfollowedanegativequadraticcurve.Allbiomassvariablesexceptlateralrootbiomassshowedabell-shapedresponsewithrespecttoSPR,withamaximumbiomassvariablebetween0.6and1.2MPa,decreasingathighersoilcompactionvalues.Allallocationratiosweresignificantlyaffectedbysoilpenetrationresistance.Biomassallocationtorootswasalsoaffectedbysoilcompaction.Therewasnotasignificantrelationshipbetweenthespecificstemlengthandincreasingsoilpenetrationresistance.ThespecificrootlengthshowedtwotrendstoincreasingSPR;itfirstdecreasedinresponsetothemoderatecompactiontreatment(uptoabout1.2MPa),thenincreasedsignificantly.WeconcludedthatincreasingsoilcompactioncausedmorphologicalchangestorootandshootsectionsofA.cappadocicumseedlings.

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简介：Determiningtheinfluencesofenvironmentalfactorsonseedlinggrowthandleafcolormayimproveourunderstandingofthechromogenicmechanismsinleavesandthebiosynthesisofanthocyanin.TodeterminetheoptimumconditionsforBetula'RoyalFrost'seedlingcultivation,weassessedseedlinggrowthandanthocyanincontentundernaturalconditions.Thetemperaturehadasignificantinfluenceonheightbutnotonradialgrowth.BetweenJuneandSeptember,theanthocyanincontentwassignificantlypositivelycorrelatedwithlightintensityandairmoistureandsignificantlynegativelycorrelatedwithtemperature.Insingle-factorexperimentstodeterminethevariationinanthocyanincontentinthegreenhouse,anthocyanincontentincreasedwithincreasingsoilwatercontentandatfirstincreased,thendecreasedwithincreasingpHoftheirrigationwaterandtemperature,butdecreasedwithincreasinglightintensity.K2SO4canincreasetheanthocyanincontent.Sotomaintainleafcolor,seedlingsshouldbecultivatedwith\200lmolm-2s-1lightintensityat20_Candsoilmoisturecontentbetween60and90%,andtheirrigationwatershouldbeneutraloralkaline.Additionally,sprayingwithK2SO4canbebeneficial.

简介：Growthofcommercialforestryishighlydependentontheavailabilityoffast-growingplantingmaterials.Consequently,theefficientutilizationoffastgrowingplantationscangreatlyimpactproductivity.Theobjectivesofthisstudyweretoevaluatevariationsinthegrowthpotentialoftwoclonesandtoestimatetheaveragestemradialgrowthadvantageofafast-growingcloneusingdataobtainedfromSappilandholdingsineasternSouthAfricaandamixedmodellingapproachthatpermitstheincorporationofcovariancestructureintothestatisticalmodel.Duringthefirst2yearsofgrowth,thestemradiusofninetreeseachoftwocloneswasmeasuredusingdendrometerattachedtothetree.Asecond-degreefractionalpolynomialmodelwaschosentoshowthefunctionalrelationshipbetweenstemradiusandtreeage.Growthofthetwohybridclonesdifferedsignificantly.TheEucalyptusgrandis9EucalyptusurophyllaclonegrewfasterthantheE.grandis9camaldulensisclone,indicatingbettergeneticpotentialforrapidgrowthandyield.Thisstudycanbeconsideredasstartingpointtofurthercomparethepotentialforrapidgrowthofseveralhybridclonesusingthelongitudinaldatamodellingapproach.

简介：Weconductedastudytofindoutifarbuscularmycorrhizal(AM)fungi(Acaulosporascrobiculata,Scutellosporacalospora)andphosphatesolubilizingbacteria(PSB,Paenibacilluspolymyxa)inoculationeitherindividuallyorincombinationscanimproveAcaciaauriculiformisseedlinggrowth,uptakeofnutrientsandqualityinaphosphorusdeficienttropicalAlfisol.Theseedlingswereassessedforvariousgrowthandnutrientuptakeparametersafter60daysoftreatment.InoculationwithP.polymyxastimulatedmycorrhizalformation.Seedlingheight,stemgirth,taprootlength,numberofleavesandleafarea,plantdrymatterproduction,nodulation,andnodulardryweightweresignificantlyhigherforseedlingsthatwereeitherdualinoculatedortripleinoculatedcomparedtoindividualinoculationofAMfungiorPSB,anduninoculatedseedlings.DualandtripleapplicationofAMfungiandPSBalsosignificantlyimprovedthenutrientcontentsofshootsandrootsandnutrientuptakeefficiencies.ThecalculatedseedlingqualityindexesoftheAMfungiandPSBinoculatedseedlingwere25–208%higherthanuninoculatedseedlings.ThesefindingsshowthatA.auriculiformisseedlingswhendualinoculatedortripleinoculatedperformedbetterthanseedlingsinoculatedwiththemicrobesindividuallyandcomparedwithuninoculatedcontrolseedlings.Weconcludethatbioinoculationisimportantfortheproductionofhigh-qualityA.auriculiformisseedlingsintreenurseriesforplantinginnutrientdeficientsoils.

简介：Amultipurposecloneplantspecies,Hippophaerhamniodeshasthecapacityforindefinitelongevity,althoughundersuccessivedroughtstressitmayoftendeclineordieacrosslargeareas.Fieldtrialswereconductedover2yearstoexaminetheeffectsofvariedirrigationintensitiesonmodulargrowthandclonalpropagationinasemi-aridarea.Irrigationlevelsincludedacontrol,aswellastwo,fourandsixtimesthevolumeofwaterthatwastypicallyreceivedvialocalannualaverageprecipitation.Irrigationintensitysignificantlyinfluencedclonalpropagationcapacity(numberofdaughterramets),abovegroundmodulargrowth(height,basediameter,andcrownwidth),belowgroundmodulargrowthincludedrootnoduledryweight,stretchingcapacityoflateralroots(lengthofthelongestlateralroots,anddiameteroffirstgradelateralroots),andbranchingintensityoflateralroots(numberoflateralrootsbifurcationgrade,numberoffirstgradelateralroots).Themodulargrowthandthedensityofdaughterrametsweresmallundernon-irrigationorlowirrigation,andbecamelargerwithincreasedirrigationintensity.Beyondacertainthreshold,however,furtherincreasesinirrigationintensityresultedinareversiontothedevelopment.Theoptimalirrigationintensitiesforgrowthandpropagationwere3.48–5.29timesthevolumeofnominallocalannualaverageprecipitation.Therewereeffectsofirrigationintensitiesonthepositivesignificantcorrelationsbetweenabovegroundandbelowgroundmodulargrowths,andonclonalpropagationcapacities.Undervariouswatertreatments,H.rhamnoidesmayadapttotheenvironmentthroughtheregulationofgrowthandpropagation.WeconcludedthatwatershortagesacttoweakenthegrowthandpropagationofH.rhamniodesplantations.

简介：Eucalyptusisthemostvaluablecultivatedforestgenusinthetropicalandsubtropicalareasnowadays.Ithasbeenachallengeforforesterstomodelgrowthduetothegeneticvariations,managementregimes,andmultipleproductsgeneratedfromtheplantations.Inthispaper,LogisticequationwasusedtostudythestockgrowthprocessofE.urophylla×E.grandisplantationatageof14with6spacingtreatments.AndthebiologicalinterpretationoftheparametersofLogisticequationwasanalyzed.There...

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简介：Background:RecentprojectionsexpectthatVietnamwillbeaffectedmostseverelybyclimatechangewithhighertemperatures,moreprecipitationandrisingsealevels.Especiallyincreasedtemperatureswillworsenthesituationsincities,amplifyingtheurbanheatislandeffect.Greeninfrastructures,i.e.urbantreesareacommontooltoimprovetheurbanmicro-climateforhumans.Vitalandwellgrowingtreesprovidegreatestbenefitssuchasevaporativecooling,shading,airfilteringandcarbonstorage.However,urbantreegrowthisoftennegativelyaffectedbyurbangrowingconditionssuchashighsoilsealingwithcompactedtreepitsprovidingsmallgrowingspaceswithlimitedwater,nutrientandoxygensupply,furtherwarmtemperaturesandhighpollutionemissions.ThisstudyanalyzedthegrowthofurbanandruralAfricanmahogany{Khoyosenegalensis(Desr.)A.Juss.)treesinthecityofHanoi,Vietnamandtheeffectsofthesurroundingclimateconditionsontreegrowth.Results:TheresultsshowedthatruralAfricanmahoganytreesgrewbetterthantreessituatedinthecitycenter,whichiscontrarytootherresultsontreegrowthoftemperateandsubtropicalcitiesworldwide.Moreovertreegrowthwassimilarregardlessofthetimeofgrowth.OtherresultsregardingstemgrowthofAfricanmahoganylocatedindifferentareasofHanoi(east,west,north,citycenter)revealedabettergrowthinthenorthernandwesternoutskirtsofthecitycomparedtothegrowthoftreesinthecitycenter.Conclusion:AfricanmahoganytreesintheurbancentersofHanoishowedadecreasedgrowthcomparedtoruraltrees,whichwaslikelyinducedbyalowground-waterlevelandhighpollutionrates.Inviewofclimatechangeandglobalwarming,thedecreasedtreegrowthinthecitycentermayalsoaffeatreeserviceprovisionsuchasshadingandcooling.ThoseclimatemitigationsolutionsarestronglyneededinareasseverelyaffectedbyclimatechangeandglobalwarmingsuchasVietnam.

简介：TwoclonaltrialstandsofChineseFir（Cunninghamialanceolata）wereusedinthisstudy,onewas19-year-oldstandwhichincluded38clones,andtheotherwas17-year-oldstandincluding102clones.Thestatisticalanalysesshowedthattherewereverysignificantgeneticvariationsinheight,DBH,volumeandratioofheartwood(Rhw),woodbasicdensity（ρb）oftheclonesinthetwostands.Therepeatabilityofcloneswasinmediantohighlevel,andthegeneticCVwasdifferentovertheallfivetraits.Therewereverysignificantphenotypicandgeneticcorrelationsamongheight,DBHandvolume,andnegativecorrelationsamonggrowth,Rhwandρb.Theselectionmethodexperimentindicatedthatindexselectioncouldimprovevolume,Rhwandρb,showingsyntheticallysuperiorselectioneffectscomparedtoanyindividualtraitselectionmethods.