简介:1.IntrodnctionThispaperextendsthestudyofthesingularmatrixvariatebetadistributionofrank1[1]tothecaseofageneralrank.Astherelateddistributiontonormalsampling,thematrixvariatebetadistribution(alsocalledthemultivariatebetadistribution)hasbeenstudiedextens...
简介:表明小径的TGF尾从苍蝇被保存到人并且被显示了调整象房间增长,区别,活动性,粘附,组织,和规划房间死亡的如此的多样的过程。在vitro并且在vivo,实验建议TGF尾能利用这些改变的程序在有免疫力的房间功能的肿瘤微型环境,提高的侵略性质,和抑制上通过它的效果支持癌症转移。表明在TGF尾发信号和癌症前进之间的一个连接的最近的临床的证据作为一个治疗学的目标在这条发信号的小径正在培养兴趣。Anti-TGF尾治疗当前在现出症状之前的潜的研究正在被开发并且测试。当这条小径在多重homeostatic过程被含有并且也被知道有tumor-suppressor功能,然而,指向TGF尾带实质的风险。另外,临床、试验性的结果证明TGF尾甚至在一样的肿瘤类型以内在肿瘤前进有多样、经常冲突的角色。为临床的使用的TGF尾禁止者的发展将要求TGF尾在它在哪个行动发信号,它的后果,和上下文的更深的理解。
简介:Aprobabilitydensityfunction(PDF)isderivedofbetadistributionwithbothλ3(skewness)andλ4(kurtosis)asparametersforweaklynonlinearwavesurfaceelevationbyuseofamethodrecentlyproposedbySrokosz.ThisPDFnotonlyhasasimplerformthanthewell-knownGram-CharlierSeriesPDFderivedbyLonguet-Higgins,butalsoovercomesanobviousshortcomingofthelatterthatwhentheseriesisunsuitablytruncated,theresultingPDFislocallynegative.TotestthederivedbetaPDF,laboratorialexperimentsofwindwavesareconducted.TheexperimentaldataindicatethatthetheoreticalrequirementsoftheparametersinthebetaPDFarefulfilled.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthepresentPDFisinbetteragreementwiththemeasureddatathanthebetaPDFonlyincludingparameterλ3,andalsothantheGram-CharlierSeriesPDFtruncateduptothetermofH6.
简介:趋势科技近日在其网站上推出企业桌面安全解决方案趋势科技OfficeScan7.8beta版,该产品将随着WindowsVista的问世而为其提供防病毒和其他保护。WindowsVista是Windows客户端操作系统的下一代产品。趋势科技OfficeScan可以保护企业的WindowsVista计算机免遭病毒和恶意代码攻击,包括文件病毒、宏病毒和恶意间谍软件、JavaApplet以及ActiveX控制。面向WindowsVistabeta版的趋势科技OfficeScanbeta版是在2006年5月参加微软的技术采纳计划(TAP)最先推出的,现在可以通过趋势科技的公开网站立即下载OfficeScan7.8beta版。
简介:AbstractThalassemia, classified as the main types α- and β-thalassemia, is a single gene disorder resulting from globin chain synthesis impairment through the mutation or deletion of globin genes. The incidence of thalassemia is high worldwide, with high associated mortality. Therefore, treatment is important to improve patient outcomes. This paper reviews the current status of β-thalassemia major in China, including its epidemiology and treatment.
简介:ObjectivesToinvestigatetheeffectsoftestosteroneenanthate(TE)onserumlipidsandlipoproteinsmetabolismandtheexpressionofandrogenreceptor(AR),estrogenreceptorbeta(ER-β)andplateletderivedgrowthfactorbeta(PDGFR-β)inaorticvascularsmoothmuscletissues(VSMTs).MethodsFortyagedmaleratswererandomlydividedinto4groups,groupA(placebogroup),groupB(2.5mg/kgintramuscularinjectionofTEonceaweek),groupC(5.0mg/kgintramuscularinjectionofTEonceaweek),groupD(10.0mg,/kgintramuscularinjectionofTEonceaweek).Allanimalswerefedfreelyduring16-weektreatmentperiods.TheexpressionofAR,ER-βandPDGFR-βwerestudiedbyWesternbolt.ResultsAverageserumLDL-CwasloweringroupDthanthatingroupA(p<0.01).Comparedwiththeothergroups,averageserumTCwasalsoloweringroupD(p<0.05).ARexpressioninaorticvascularsmoothmuscletissuescouldberegulatedbyTE:99.50±21.74,125.38±28.68and101.98±15.42forTEconcentrationsat2.5mg/kg,5.0mg/kgand10.0mg/kg,respectively,theexpressionofER-βcouldberegulatedbyTE:92.34±18.68,47.72±18.12,82.13±23.50,andtheexpressionofPDGFR-βcouldberegulatedaswellbyTE:219.70±45.59,50.16±9.72,125.36±15.74(DataforAR,ER-βandPDGFR-βproteinbandintensitywereexpressedwithx±s,withcontrolgrouptakenas100).ConclusionsThisstudyindicatesthatandrogenshavesignificanteffectsonserumlipidsandlipoproteinmetabolism.Testosteroneenanthateat5.0mg/kgcanstimulatetheexpressionofAR,butinhibitetheexpressionofPDGFR.Testosteroneenanthateattheconcentrationsof5.0mg/kgand10.0mg/kgcaninhibitetheexpressionofER-β.
简介:Inthepresentpaper,weproposetheqanalogueofSza′sz-Beta-Stancuoperators.Byestimatethemoments,weestablishdirectresultsintermsofthemodulusofsmoothness.Investigatetherateofpoint-wiseconvergenceandweightedapproximationpropertiesoftheqoperators.Voronovskajatypetheoremisalsoobtained.Ourresultsgeneralizeandsupplementsomeconvergenceresultsoftheq-Sza′sz-Betaoperators,thustheyimprovetheexistingresults.
简介:间充质干细胞作为代表性的成骨分化潜能的细胞,多条信号传导通路调控间充质干细胞进而影响其成骨分化的过程。其中BMP信号通路在此过程中的作用日益受到关注。国内外研究表明,BMP-TGFβ在调控靶细胞成骨分化过程中在分子的表达水平和功能活性的改变中起到关键的作用。成骨增殖分化过程是一个动态过程,在成骨分化的不同阶段,分子通路的作用不同,相互之间的调节也动态变化的,研究BMP和经典Wnt信号通路在成骨分化过程中的相互调节作用,对于指导治疗骨质疏松和骨折有重要的作用。本文就BMP-TGFβ通路对靶细胞成骨分化的调控作用以及和经典Wnt信号两条信号通路之间的交联作简要综述。
简介:Texturepatternmappingisoneofthemostimportanttechniquesforhighqualityimagesyn-thesis.Itcanlargelyenhancethevisualrichnessofraster-scanimages.Inthispaperispresentedanewmethodofmappingplanartexturepatternontobeta-splinecurvedsurfaces——bilinearmappingmethodwhichcanmapplanartexturepatternontocurvedsurfaceswithlessdistortion,andalsocanfulfillthegeometrictransformationofthetexturepatternonthecurvedsurfacesbyoperatingthepatternwin-dow.ItisvaluabletobothCAD/CAMinartisticfieldandcomputergraphics.
简介:转变生长因素(TGF)-尾家庭成员是多功能的cytokines在细胞上得到他们的效果包括endothelial和墙壁的细胞,经由特定的类型我和类型IIserine/threoninekinase受体和细胞内部的Smad抄写因素。为表明小径部件的TGF-尾家庭的猛烈老鼠模型在合适的蛋黄囊angiogenesis揭示了他们的批评重要性。在人的基因研究在这些发信号的部件连接了变化到象世袭出血性的毛细管扩张,主要肺的高血压和Marfan症候群那样的特定的心血管的症候群。在这评论,我们在我们TGF-尾受体在脉管的生物学和疾病发信号的角色的理解的现在的最近的进展,并且讨论这怎么可以被申请治疗。
简介:AbstractPurpose:To observe the changes of gait behavior and the expression of wound healing factors of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), TGF-β3 and cAMP response element binding protein-1 (CREB-1) during the healing of Achilles tendon in a rat model, and to investigate whether gait analysis can be used to evaluate the tendon healing.Methods:Achilles tendon of 40 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were transected and sutured to establish the Achilles tendon injury (ATI) model. They were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the observational time point at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after injury (n= 10 for each group). Before modeling, 9 rats were randomly selected for CatWalk gait analysis, which contained step cycle, single stance time and average speed. Data were recorded as the normal controls. After then, ATI models were established in the left hind limbs of the all 40 rats (ATI group), while the right hind limbs were only cut and sutured without injury of the Achilles tendon (sham operation group). At 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after injury, the gait behavior of the corresponding group of rats (n= 9) as observed and recorded by CatWalk platform. After then, the rats were sacrificed and Achilles tendon of both limbs was harvested. The tendon healing was observed by gross anatomy and histological examination, and the protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 were observed by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. The results of tendon gross grading were analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test, and other data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance among multiple groups.Results:Compared with normal controls, all gait indexes (step cycle, single stance time and average speed) were greatly affected following ATI, which however improved with time. The step cycle was significantly lower at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after ATI (compared with normal controls, all p < 0.05), but almost returned to the normal level at 6 weeks ((0.694 ± 0.102) vs. (0.503 ± 0.094) s, p > 0.05). The single stance time of the ATI group was significantly shorter at 1 and 2 weeks after operation ((0.078 ± 0.010) s at 1 week, (0.078 ± 0.020) s at 2 weeks, all p < 0.001) and revealed no significant difference at 4 weeks (p= 0.120). The average speed of ATI group at 1, 2, 4, 6 weeks was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (all p < 0.001).Gross observation showed that the grade of local scar adhesion in ATI group increased significantly at 2, 4 and 6 weeks, compared with the sham operation group (all p < 0.001). Extensive adhesion was formed at 6 weeks after ATI. The results of HE staining showed that the number of fibroblast increased gradually and arranged more orderly in ATI group at 1, 2 and 4 weeks (all p < 0.001), and decreased at 6 weeks, but it was still significantly higher than that of the sham operation group (p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry showed that the positive expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 in ATI group was higher than that in the sham operation group at 4 time points (all p < 0.05), which reached the peak at 2 weeks after operation and decreased at 4 weeks (p= 0.002, p < 0.001, p= 0.041, respectively). The results of qPCR suggested that the mRNA expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 in ATI group was higher than that in the sham operation group at all-time points (all p < 0.05), which reached the peak at 2 weeks after operation, decreased at 4 weeks, and significantly decreased at 6 weeks (all p < 0.001).Conclusion:Gait behavior indexes are associated with Achilles tendon healing. The study gives an insight of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 changes in the coursing of Achilles tendon healing and these cytokines may be able to be used to regulate the Achilles tendon healing.