简介：Theelectrostaticsheathwithacylindricalgeometryinanion-electronplasmaisinvestigated.AssumingaBoltzmannresponsetoelectronsandcoldionswithbulkflow,itisshownthattheradiusofthecylindricalgeometrydonotaffectthesheathpotentialsignificantly.Wealsofoundthatthesheathpotentialprofileissteeperinthecylindricalsheathcomparedtotheslabsheath.Thedistinctfeatureofthecylindricalsheathisthattheiondensitydistributionisnotmonotonous.Thesheathregioncanbedividedintothreeregions,twoascendantregionsandonedescendantregion.

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简介：Inthisstudy,wecomparedtheaerialelectrostaticspraywithnon-electrostaticspraybyhelicopterR44andfixed-wingaircraftY5Bequippedwithanown-madeaerialelectrostaticsprayingsystem.Theresultsshowedthatthespraydepositsontargetsandleavesoftreecrownswerenotableenhancedcomparingwiththenon-electrostaticandconventionalaerialspray.Thespraydepositswerefine,uniformandthedensitieswere1.0-1.75timeshigherthanthenon-electrostaticspray.DepositrateoftheelectrostaticsprayonthebacksofleavesbyhelicopterR44was2.15timesofthenon-electrostatic,and3.31timesoftheconventionalaerialspray.ThedepositrateoftheelectrostaticsprayonthebacksofleavesbytheY5Bwas2.38timesofthenon-electrostatic,and3.44timesoftheconventionalaerialspray.

简介：IntroductionLightningcancausegreatdestruction.AccordingtotherecordinthenorthernChina,morethan150lightningstrokesoccuronapowersystemannually.Highvoltage(millionsofvolts)andlargecurrent(hundredsof-kA)associatedwithlightning,willdamagepropertyandevenkillpeopleandlivestocks.Itwillbeverydangerousifalightningstrokestrikesoildepotofpowerplantorsubstation.Inaddition,thehighvoltageinducedbytheelectrostaticchargegeneratedduetooilflowingwillprobablycausedamageunlesstheelectrificationhasbeenlimitedanddrainedoff.

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简介：Wepresentasemi-analyticalmethodofcalculatingtheelectrostaticinteractionofcolloidsolutionsforconfinedandunconfinedsystems.Weexpandtheelectrostaticpotentialofthesystemintermsofsomebasisfunctionssuchassphericalharmonicfunctionandcylinderfunction.Theexpansioncoefficientscanbeobtainedbysolvingtheequationsoftheboundaryconditions,combiningananalyticaltranslationtransformofthecoordinatesandanumericalmultipointcollectionmethod.Thepreciseelectrostaticpotentialandtheinteractionenergyarethenobtainedautomatically.Themethodisavailablenotonlyfortheuniformlychargedcolloidsbutalsofornonuniformlychargedones.Wehavesuccessfullyappliedittounconfineddilutedcolloidsystemandsomeconfinedsystemssuchasthelongcylinderwallconfinement,theair–waterinterfacialconfinementandporousmembraneconfinement.Theconsistencechecksofourcalculationswithsomeknownanalyticalcaseshavebeenmadeforallourapplications.Intheory,themethodisapplicabletoanydilutecolloidsolutionswithanarbitrarydistributionofthesurfacechargeonthecolloidalparticleunderaregularsolidconfinement,suchassphericalcavityconfinementandlamellarconfinement.

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简介：Inthispaper,atwo-scalefiniteelementapproachisproposedandanalyzedforapproximationsofGreen'sfunctioninthree-dimensions.Thisapproachisbasedonatwo-scalefiniteelementspacedefined,respectively,onthewholedomainwithsizeHandonsomesubdomaincontainingsingularpointswithsizeh(h<

简介：Thedispersionpropertiesofhigh-andlow-frequencyelectrostaticoscillationsofasphericalmetallicplasmaconsistingofhotelectronsandcoldionsareinvestigated.Themaininterestandthekeyfirstapplicationsofthissystemarethesphericalmetalnanoparticles.Generalexpressionsofdispersionrelationsareobtainedfortheso-calledsurfaceandbulkplasmonwaves,andsurfaceandbulkion-acousticwavesinsphericalgeometry,usinghydrodynamicequationsandPoissonequationwithappropriateboundaryconditions.Numericalresultsshowthatdispersioneffectsbecomelargeformetallicparticlesofsmallradii,particularlyintherangeoffewnanometers.

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简介：CdSnanowires-nitrogendopedgraphene(CdSNWs-NGR)nanocompositeshavebeenfabricatedbyanelectrostaticself-assemblystrategyfollowedbyahydrothermalreduction.TheCdSNWs-NGRexhibitshigherphotoactivityforselectivereductionofaromaticnitroorganicsinwaterundervisiblelightirradiationthanblankCdSnanowires(CdSNWs)andCdSnanowires-reducedgrapheneoxide(CdSNWs-RGO)nanocomposites.TheenhancedphotoactivityofCdSNWs-NGRcanbeattributedtotheimprovedelectronicconductivityduetotheintroductionofnitrogenatoms,whichthusenhancestheseparationandtransferofchargecarriersphotogeneratedfromCdSNWs.OurworkcouldprovideafacilemethodtosynthesizeNGRbasedone-dimensional(1D)semiconductorcompositesforselectiveorganictransformations,andbroadenthepotentialapplicationsforNGRasacocatalyst.

简介：Anoveldiodestring-triggeredgated-PiNjunctiondevice,whichisfabricatedinastandard65-nmcomplementarymetal-oxidesemiconductor(CMOS)technology,isproposedinthispaper.Anembeddedgated-PiNjunctionstructureisemployedtoreducethediodestringleakagecurrentto13nA/μminatemperaturerangefrom25°Cto85°C.Toprovidetheeffectiveelectrostaticdischarge(ESD)protectioninmulti-voltagepowersupply,thetriggeringvoltageofthenoveldevicecanbeadjustedthroughredistributingparasiticresistanceinsteadofchangingthestackeddiodenumber.