简介：Cellularmetabolismisaverycomplexprocess.Thebiochemicalpathwaysarefundamentalstructuresofbiology.Thesepathwayspossessanumberofregenerationstepswhichfacilitateenergyshuttlingonamassivescale.Thisfacilitatesthebio-chemicalpathwaystosustaintheenergycurrencyofthecells.Thisconcepthasbeenmimickedusingelectroniccircuitcom-ponentsandithasbeenusedtoincreasetheefficiencyofbio-energygeneration.Sixofthecarbohydratebiochemicalpathwayshavebeenchoseninwhichglycolysisistheprinciplepathway.Allthesixpathwaysareinterrelatedandcoordinatedinacom-plexmanner.Mimiccircuitshavebeendesignedforallthesixbiochemicalpathways.Thecomponentsofthemetabolicpath-wayssuchasenzymes,cofactorsetc.,aresubstitutedbyappropriateelectroniccircuitcomponents.Enzymesarerelatedtothegainoftransistorsbythebonddissociationenergiesofenzyme-substratemoleculesunderconsideration.Cofactorsandcoen-zymesarerepresentedbyswitchesandcapacitorsrespectively.Resistorsareusedforproperorientationofthecircuits.Theenergyobtainedfromthecurrentmethodsemployedforthedecompositionoforganicmatterisusedtotriggerthemimiccir-cuits.Asimilarenergyshuttleisobservedinthemimiccircuitsandthepercentageriseforeachcycleofcircuitfunctioningisfoundtobe78.90.Thetheoreticalcalculationshavebeenmadeusingasampleofdomesticwasteweighing1.182kg.Thecalculationsarrivedatfinallyspeakoftheefficiencyofthenovelmethodologyemployed.

简介：金属nanostructures展览专辑光回声模式在材料从传导性的电子的subwavelength监禁发源。这些回声模式在光学和察觉到的申请由于他们的申请潜力代表一个强壮的研究焦点。在这短评论，我们这块地里的组的最近的成就被加亮。先进金属性的nanostructures的湿化学的途径合成将被介绍，他们由电场的准确的放和操作被显示出。下次，为小分子的察觉的这些nanostructures的申请将在几个例子被描述。另外，金属nanostructures能被用于亚波长光集中并且为有效精力联合进聚合物链，这将被显示出。

简介：

简介：Objective:Tostudytheeffectofbio-derivedbones,assubstitutesofautogenousbonegraftsanddemineralizedcadaverbones,ontheattachment,spreadingandproliferationofisolatedosteoblasts.Methods:Osteoblastswereisolatedfromthecalvariaofafetalrabbitthroughsequentialcollagenasedigestion.Intheattachmentstudy,theosteoblastslabeledwith3H-leucinewereincubatedwiththebio-derivedbonematerialsinsterilemicrocentrifugaletubesfor15,90and180minutes,and24hours,respectively.Theattachedcellswerecollectedandtheradioactivitywasmeasuredwithliquidscintillationspectrometry.Intheproliferationstudy,theosteoblastswereculturedwiththebio-derivedbonematerialsfor24hoursand3H-thymidinewasaddedduringthelast2hoursoftheincubation.Theattachedcellswerecollectedandtheradioactivitywasmeasuredwithliquidscintillationspectrometry.Osteoblastswereseededonthebonegraftmaterialsfor60or120minutes,24or48hours,and3or7days,thentheco-culturewasprocessedforscanningelectronmicroscopytoobservetheinteractionofosteoblastsandthebio-derivedbonematerials.Results:Osteoblastsattachedtothebio-derivedbonematerialsinatime-dependentmanner.Thereweresignificantly(P<0.05)moreattachedcellsafter180minutesthanafter15and90minutesofincubations(P<0.05).Osteoblastswereproliferatedinalargeamountonthesurfaceandinthematerials.Osteoblastsseededonto100mgbio-derivedbonesresultedinsignificantly(P<0.05)moremeasurableproliferationthanthoseseededonto10mgbones.Osteoblastsappearedroundastheyattachedtothematerials,thenflattenedandspreadoverwithtimepassing.Conclusions:Bio-derivedbonescanprovideagoodenvironmentfortheattachmentandproliferationofosteoblasts.

简介：摘要目的探讨Bio-Oss联合Bio_GidePerio在修复牙槽突裂的临床护理。方法对我院2013年6月～2014年4月为20例齿槽突裂患者应用Bio-OssR天然骨无机材料及Bio-GideRPerio胶原膜修复齿槽突裂手术的护理总结。结果因护理措施得当，20例患者采用Bio-GideR修复牙槽突裂,术后观察,其中19例患者术后伤口均获一期愈合,口鼻瘘得以严密关闭。1例腭侧黏膜未愈合,局部涂擦盐酸米诺环素后伤口愈合良好1。结论Bio-OssR联合Bio-GideRPerio修复牙槽突裂具有良好的生物相容性,多孔状结构能为新骨生长提供良好的空间支架,对增强上颌骨的稳定性和连续性，改善牙槽嵴的高度和外形起重要作用2。而Bio-GideR骨膜是一种较低的抗原性和出色的生物相容性胶原膜,在牙槽突缺损部位具有引导组织再生功能及膜屏障和骨修复的双重作用，Bio-OssR联合Bio-GideRPerio更有利于牙槽突裂的骨再生及颌骨重建3。

简介：Thefieldofmechanicsofbiologicalandbio-inspiredmaterialsunderwentanexcitingdevelopmentoverthepastseveralyears,whichmadeitstandatthecuttingedgeofbothengineeringmechanicsandbiomechanics.Asanintriguinginterdisciplinaryresearchfield,itaimsatelucidatingthefundamentalprinciplesinnature'sdesignofstrong,multi-functionalandsmartMaterialsbyfocusingontheassembly,deformation,stabilityandfailureofthematerials.Theseprinciplesshouldhavewideapplicationsinnotonlymaterialsciencesandmechanicalengineeringbutalsobiomedicalengineering.Forinstance,theknowledgeinMechanicalprinciplesofbiologicalmaterialsisveryhelpfulforaddressingsomemajorchallengesinmaterialsciencesandengineering.Theyalsohavethepotentialtoprovidequantitativeunderstandingabouthowforcesanddeformationaffecthumanbeing'shealth,diseasesandtreatmentattissue,cellularandmolecularlevels.

简介：~~

简介：

简介：~~

简介：Themediumaccesscontrol(MAC)protocolforindoorvisiblelightcommunication(VLC)withenergyharvestingisexploredinthispaper.Theunfairnessofthroughputexistsamongdevicesduetothesignificantdifferenceoftheirenergyharvestingrateswhichchangeswithdistance,acceptanceangleandtheobstructionprobability.Weproposeanenergyharvestingmodel,anewobstructionprobabilitymodelandanenergyadaptivecontentionalgorithmtoovercometheunfairnessproblem.Thisdevicecanadjustitscontentionwindowaccordingtotheenergyharvestingrate.Asaresult,thedevicewithlowerenergyharvestingratecangetshortercontentionwindowtoimproveitstransmissionopportunity.SimulationresultsshowthatourMACprotocolcanachieveahigherdegreeoffairness.

简介：

简介：

简介：Instrongsolarlight,siliconsolarpanelscanheatupby70℃and,thereby,looseapproximatelyonethirdoftheirefficiencyforelectricitygeneration.Leafstructuresofplantsontheotherhand,havedevelopedaseriesoftechnologicaladaptations,whichallowthemtolimittheirtemperatureto40-45℃infullsunlight,evenifwaterevaporationissuppressed.Thisisaccomplishedbyseveralstrategiessuchaslimitationofleafsize,optimizationofaerodynamicsinwind,limitationofabsorbedsolarenergyonlytotheusefulfractionofradiationandbyefficientthermalemission.Opticalandinfraredthermographicmeasurementsunderasolarsimulatorandinastreamingchannelwereusedtoinvestigatethecorrespondingpropertiesofleavesandtoidentifysuitablebionicmodelsystems.ExperimentsstartedwiththeserratedstructureofordinarygreenleavesdistributedovertypicaltwigstructuresandfinallyidentifiedtheAustralianpalmtreeLicualaramsayiasamoreusefulbionicmodel.Itcombinesalargeareaforsolarenergyharvestingwithoptimizedaerodynamicpropertiesforcoolingandisabletorestructureitselfasaprotectionagainststrongwinds.Thebionicmodels,whichwereconstructedandbuilt,areanalyzedanddiscussed.

简介：

简介：

简介：

简介：Asworldconsumptionofenergygrowsfast,theprovenpetroleumreservesarelimitedintoday'sworld,andtheoilpricefluctuatesandmostoftensoarsupsharply,energyhasbecomeamostcrucialfactorintheworldeconomyandtheenergysecurity

简介：

简介：Theoretical–computationalstudiesoftable-toplaser-drivennuclearfusionofhigh-energy(upto15MeV)deuteronswith7Li,6Li,andDnucleidemonstratetheattainmentofhighfusionyieldswithinasource–targetreactiondesign.ThisconstitutesasourceofCoulomb-explodingdeuteriumnanodropletsdrivenbyanultraintensefemtosecondnear-infraredlaserandasolidhollowcylindricaltargetcontainingthesecondelement.Thesource–targetreactiondesignattainsthehighesttable-topfusionefficiencies(upto4×109J1perlaserpulse)obtainedtodate.Thehighestconversionefficiencyoflaserenergytonuclearenergy(102–103)fortable-topDDfusionattainedinthesource–targetdesigniscomparabletothatforDTfusioncurrentlyaccomplishedfor‘bigscience’inertialfusionsetups.

简介：Sincedecades,theglobalelectricitydemandshowsonlyonedirection:aconsiderableconstantincreaseeveryyear.Buttheunlimitedgrowthinenergyconsumptionisdiscussedincreasinglycritical,notonlyprimarilyintermsoflimitationsbutalsointermsofmoreefficient,moreintelligent,andmoresustainableusageofenergy.Energy-efficienttechnologies(EET)andrenewableenergy