简介：Themedium-andlarge-sizedhydropowergeneratingunitswith4270MW(singleunitcapacityof25MWandabove)wereputintooperationin2000.BytheendofDecemberlastyear,China’stotalhydropowerinstalledcapacitycameuptoover77000MW,stillrankingsecondintheworldandthecapacityunderc

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简介：Whilelastdecadehaswitnessedarapidgrowthofdigitaleconomy,thereislimitedunderstandinginliteratureonwhethertheconventionalwisdomonpricingstrategystillholdsforinformationgoods.Ononehand,informationgoods,similartodurablegoods,aresubjecttovaluedepreciation;ontheother,theydifferfromtraditionalgoodsinnegligiblemarginalcostandthesensitivitytosocialinfluences.Thispaperdevelopsatwo-period,game-theoreticmodeltoinvestigateoptimalpricingstrategyofinformationgoods.Ononedimension,twodifferentdepreciationmechanisms(self-andtime-depreciation)areconsidered;ontheother,twoprevalentpricingschemes(perpetuallicensingandsubscription-feemodels)arestudied.Weobtainclosed-formsolutionsinallscenarios.Ourfindingssuggestthatvendorsoftime-depreciationinformationgoodsshouldadoptsubscription-feemodeltoattractearlyadoptersandexploitsocialinfluences,whilethevendorsofself-depreciationinformationgoodsshouldstrategicallybalancebetweendepreciationandsocialinfluences.Interestingly,associalinfluencesbecomestrongenough,thedifferencebetweenpricingschemesdiminishesandthetradeoffbetweencandidatestrategiesvanishes.Wealsoextendthemodeltostaticpricinginwhichthevendorcommitstofutureprice.Wediscoverthatthesuperiorityofsubscription-feemodelmightbeoverturnedunderstaticpricing.Ourresultsabovealsoimplythatbuildingconsumerfeedbackandinteractionsystemscouldbehelpfulforminimizingthepotentiallossofasuboptimalpricingscheme.

简介：ThearticleExploringthevalueofinstalledbase:PricinginformationgoodsundervaluedepreciationandconsumersociallearningpublishedinVolume22,Issue3,pages362-382byYifanDouandTianliangLiu,hasbeenretractedbyagreementbetweentheauthorsandthejournalEditor-in-Chief.Thecorecontributionsinthisarticlehavebeenusedwithoutsignificantacknowledgementandapprovalbytheprojectresearchteam.

简介：Twenty-fiveyearsagoAmerica'ssmallhydroelectricpowergenerationswerereactivatedbyprivate,municipal,andlocalgovernmentstoutilizetherenewableenergyfromthesmallhydrostiesavailable10,000existingdams,smallriversand/orstreams,andenergyrecoveryfacilitiesatmanywatertransmissionanddeliverysystems.