简介：目的探讨可拆除缝线在青光眼小梁切除术中的临床应用疗效观察。方法对已确诊的闭角型青光眼67例,在小梁切除中巩膜瓣两角对位缝合后,再行巩膜瓣两侧外置可拆除缝线缝合2针。结果67例患者中仅2例术后出现浅前房现象。结论可拆除缝线可有效减少青光眼小梁切除术术后早期浅前房的发生率。

简介：目的对照观察和评价弥可保和腺苷钴胺片治疗外伤性视神经挫伤的临床疗效,评估弥可保的治疗有效性和优越性。方法将37例外伤性视神经挫伤患者随机分为二组,分别用弥可保和腺苷钴胺片治疗,比较两组间视力改善及视神经萎缩发生情况。结果弥可保治疗组视力改善有效率为63.15%,腺苷钴胺片对照组视力改善有效率为27.78%;两组差别具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;弥可保治疗组视神经萎缩发生率为46.15%,腺苷钴胺片对照组视神经萎缩发生率为72.22%,两组差别具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论弥可保对外伤性视神经挫伤的治疗有明显的临床疗效,是一种疗效肯定的治疗外伤性视神经挫伤的药物,其对视功能的恢复优于腺苷钴胺片。

简介：<正>目前对于青光眼的治疗,主要采用小梁切除术,取得良好的疗效,而其术后并发症如浅前房、低眼压、脉络膜脱离,黄斑水肿等成为影响术后效果及视力恢复的主要因素。为解决这些问题,我们在术中采用可拆式巩膜瓣缝线,术后拆线方法,减少了并发症的发生,取得了较好的效果,总结如下。

简介：目的通过快速评估可避免盲系统评估四川省冕宁县50岁以上人群视力障碍的患病率和致残原因。方法在2011年6月至8月使用RAAB系统对四川省冕宁县50岁以上居民采用分层、整群随机抽样方法抽取2850人,根据人口比例,分为57个人群组,每个人群组人数为50人,每个人群组采用紧凑段抽样（compactsegmentsampling,CSS）,当紧凑段抽样不可行时,采用配额抽样。使用简易视力卡检测视力,用便携式裂隙灯和直接检眼镜检查晶状体及眼底情况以明确导致视力残疾的原因。结果在冕宁县抽样调查的2850人中,2817人接受了检查（98.8%）,参照1973年世界卫生组织（WorldHealthOrganization,WHO）视力损伤标准,共有视力残疾者537人,患病率为19.1%,其中盲111人,盲的患病率为3.9%（95%可信区间：3.2%-4.7%）,严重视力损伤69人,其患病率2.4%（95%可信区间：1.8%-3.1%）;视力损伤357人,其患病率12.7%（95%可信区间：10.5%-14.9%）,其中可避免盲占87.4%。结论1.冕宁县50岁及以上人群盲的患病率为3.9%,严重视力损伤的患病率2.4%;视力损伤的患病率12.7%,其中可避免盲占87.4%。未经治疗的白内障仍然是该县最主要的致残原因。2.RAAB系统作为一种在人群中快速筛查可避免盲的调查方法,准确性好,简单实用、高效,重复性强。

简介：

简介：每年,在低收入和中等收入国家有数千名婴儿和儿童失去他们的视力和生命,因为一种叫视网膜母细胞瘤的可治愈的眼癌,通常是因为它没有被及时诊断和治疗。尽管视网膜母细胞瘤相对罕见,但对受其影响的儿童可能会造成破坏性的后果。如果治疗太晚,可能会导致失去眼睛,侵袭大脑并且导致死亡。

简介：目的探讨榄香烯对人喉癌Hep-2细胞生长的影响和作用机制.方法用四甲基偶氮唑盐法(methylthiazolyltetrazoliumassay,MTT)测定榄香烯对喉癌细胞的抑制作用;以透射电镜来观察其形态学变化;采用DNA末端标记法(terminaldeoxynucleotidy1transferasemediateddeoxyuridinetriphosphatenickendlabelingmethod,TUNEL)研究细胞凋亡数;用免疫组化分析bcl-2蛋白在Hep-2细胞中的表达.结果榄香烯明显抑制Hep-2细胞的生长;透射电镜观察到染色质浓缩,沿着核膜排列,形成不同形状和大小的块状;DNA末端标记法说明,凋亡细胞数随药物浓度的提高逐渐增高;免疫组化结果提示榄香烯能使Hep-2细胞bcl-2蛋白表达降低.结论榄香烯能够抑制喉癌细胞的生长,其抑制作用与细胞凋亡有关,作用机制可能与bcl-2表达降低有关.

简介：目的：用Tono-Pen眼压计测量人眼角膜中央、旁中央、角巩缘部位眼压值，比较不同部位值的差异及相关性。方法：正常角膜用Tono-Pen眼压计依次测量角膜中心、旁中心、角膜缘眼压值，方差分析不同部位眼压的差异，分析结果的相关性。结果：Tono-Pen眼压计检测得出的眼压平均值角膜中央为16．28±2．73mmHg，旁中央为16．33±2．69mmHg，角巩缘为16．58±2．58mmHg．角膜中心与旁中心的相关系数r=0．966，P=0．000，角膜中心与角膜缘的相关系数为r=0．897．P=0．000，角膜旁中心与角膜缘的相关系数为r=0．910，P=0．000。不同部位眼压值差异没有显著性（F=0．093，P=0．913〉0．05）。结论：不同部位眼压值密切相关，差异没有统计学意义。Tono-Pen眼压计测量不同部位眼压均可取得较为一致的结果。

简介：AIM:Todeterminetheproliferativepotentialandthemaintenanceofstemcellactivityinstoredhumanlimbaltissues,andcorrelatethiswiththepreservationtime,cellviabilityandtheexpressionofstemcellmarkers.METHODS:Thirtylimbalrimsweresplitinto4partsandstoredincornealpreservationmediumat4℃for0,1,4,or7days.ThelimbalstemcellandmitoticmarkersP63,CK19,proliferatingcellnuclearantigen(PCNA),andKi67weredeterminedbyimmunohistochemicalstaining.Theproliferativepotentialoflimbalepithelialcellswasassessedbycellviability,theabilityofgeneratingstratifiedepithelium,andcolonyformingassay.RESULTS:Thestoredtissuesmaintainedlimbalstratifiedstructureto7daysandexhibitedcomparableexpressionlevelofstemcellandmitoticmarkers.Theproportionofviablecellsdecreasedwiththeprolongedpreservationtime,whilecolonyformingefficiencydecreasedfromthe1stdayanddisappearedatthe4thday.Wheninoculatedonamnioticmembrane,thecellspreservedfor1dayformedastratifiedepithelium,whilethecellsfrom4days’preservationformedadiscontinuouslayer.CONCLUSION:Thecolonyformingefficiencyoflimbalepithelialstem/progenitorcellsdecreasedrapidlywiththeincreasingpreservationtime,whiletheexpressionlevelofmarkersandcapacityofformingepithelialmonolayeronamnioticmembranedecreasedgradually.Thelimbalepithelialstemcellslosttheirfunctionearlierthanthelostexpressionlevelofstemcellmarkers.Thismayhelpustobetterchoosetheappropriatepreservationgraftsforfuturelimbalstemcelltransplantation.

简介：目的探讨健康体检中青光眼筛查方法及结果分析。方法采用同顾分析方法对我院健康体检数据库资料进行分析。结果在121697人健康体检中，发现青光眼1381例，患病率为1.14％，原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）810例，患病率为0.67％，原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）476例，患病率为0.39％，正常眼压性青光眼（NTG）44例，患病率为0.04％，继发性青光眼（SG）51例、患病率为0。04％。正常大陷门者112例，术发现先天性青光眼。结论青光眼筛查方法应简易、快捷、价廉及有效的。对健康体检作青光眼筛查足必要的并且足可行的，而且在健康体检数据中为所有受检建立健康档案，这对青光眼患者诊断、治疗及评估有十分重要意义，特别对可疑青光眼受检者有一个长期跟踪观察及对比机会。

简介：目的：探讨miR-181在白内障晶状体组织中的表达情况,及其对人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的调控机制。方法：利用Realtimeq-PCR方法,检测年龄相关性白内障患者晶状体前囊膜和人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡模型中miR-181的表达情况；利用Lipofectamine2000瞬时转染miR-181mimic和inhibitor调节人晶状体上皮细胞中miR-181的表达,利用Realtimeq-PCR方法验证转染效率,利用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率的变化。结果：与对照组相比,年龄相关性白内障患者晶状体前囊膜组和人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡模型组,miR-181的表达显著升高；miR-181mimic转染组,miR-181的表达显著升高,细胞凋亡率显著升高；miR-181inhibitor转染组,miR-181的表达显著降低,细胞凋亡率显著降低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：miR-181在年龄相关性白内障晶状体组织中呈高表达,miR-181能够促进人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡,从而可能在年龄相关性白内障的发病过程中发挥一定作用,miR-181可能成为白内障非手术治疗的一种新途径,但具体机制有待进一步研究。

简介：近十几年来，医务工作者与科学工程技术人员密切配合，研发了多种类型的外科手术机器人系统。在国外，每年都有大量的心外科和泌尿外科手术通过机器人完成。一些有预见性的耳鼻喉科医师也对这项新技术进行了积极的探索，展示了令人兴奋的前景。

简介：视野使用红色视标的视野检查可以发现显著的视野异常.简单的测试如正切暗点计屏也很有效.精确评估视野缺损需要视野计：人工（Goldmann）或者自动（Humphery）视野计可以给出详细的视野参数.但是结果受操作者的主观操作影响.

简介：青光眼青光眼是一组进行性的视神经病变，伴有视乳头特征性的结构改变和相应视野缺损的疾病。青光眼视神经病变的主要危险因素是眼压的升高。

简介：目的调查上海市奉贤区奉城镇60岁以上老年人群干眼的患病率及相关影响因素。方法2013年6～12月对上海市奉贤区奉城镇60岁以上人群采用随机整群分组抽样法,进行问卷调查,对有阳性症状的受检者做裸眼视力、裂隙灯、基础泪液分泌试验（SⅠt）、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、角膜荧光素染色（FL）、睑板腺功能检查。结果随机抽取受检者2387例,实际受检者2058例,应答率为86.2%。受检者中干眼患者295例,患病率为14.3%,女性患病率为18.0%（208/1153）,男性患病率为9.6%（87/905）,女性高于男性（χ^2=29.22,P〈0.05）;80岁以上人群的干眼患病率为21.3%,70～79岁为15.8%,60～69岁为9.2%（χ^2=36.61,P〈0.005）。结论上海市奉贤区奉城镇60岁以上人群中,女性的干眼患病率高于男性。干眼患病率随年龄增长而升高,眼干涩、视疲劳、异物感为最常见症状,局部及全身多种因素均影响干眼的发生。干眼的社区防治对郊区眼病防治工作有着重要的意义。

简介：Thedamageofhumancornealcellsencounterwiththeproblemofavailabilityofcornealcellsforreplacement.Limitationofthesourceofcornealcellshasbeenrealized.Anattemptofdevelopmentofcornealepithelial-likecellsfromthehumanskin-derivedprecursor(hSKPs)hasbeenmadeinthisstudy.Combinationofthreeessentialgrowthfactors:epidermalgrowthfactor(EGF),keratinocytegrowthfactor(KGF)andhepatocytegrowthfactor(HGF)coulddemonstratesuccessfullyinductionofhSKPstodifferentiationintocornealcells.Theinducedcellsexpressedtheappearanceofmarkersofcornealepithelialcellsasshownbythepresenceofkeratin3(K3)byantibodylabelandWesternblotassay.TheK3geneexpressionofinducedhSKPscellsasshownbyreversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)technologywasalsodemonstrated.ThepresenceofthesemarkersatbothgeneandproteinlevelscouldleadtoourconclusionthatthedirectionaltransdifferentiationofhSKPscellsintocornealepithelialcellswassuccessfullydoneunderthiscellinductionprotocol.Thefindingshowsanewlyavailablestemcellsourcecanbeobtainedfromeasilyavailableskin.Cellsfromautologoushumanskinmightbeusedforcornealdisordertreatmentinfutureclinicalapplication.

简介：AIM:Toestablishanuntransfectedhumancornealstromal(HCS)celllineandcharacterizeitsbiocompatibilitytoacellularporcinecornealstroma(aPCS).·METHODS:PrimaryculturewasinitiatedwithapurepopulationofHCScellsinDMEM/F12media(pH7.2)containing20%fetalbovineserumandvariousnecessarygrowthfactors.Theestablishedcelllinewascharacterizedbygrowthproperty,chromosomeanalysis,tumorigenicityassay,expressionofmarkerproteinsandfunctionalproteins.Furthermore,thebiocompatibilityofHCScellswithaPCSwasexaminedthroughhistologicalandimmunocytochemistryanalysesandwithlight,electronmicroscopies.·RESULTS:HCScellsproliferatedtoconfluence2weekslaterinprimarycultureandhavebeensubculturedtopassage140sofar.AcontinuousuntransfectedHCScelllinewithapopulationdoublingtimeof41.44hoursatpassage80hasbeendetermined.Resultsofchromosomeanalysis,morphology,combinedwiththeresultsofexpressionofmarkerproteinandfunctionalproteinssuggestedthatthecellsretainedHCScellproperties.Furthermore,HCScellshavenotumorigenicity,andwithexcellentbiocompatibilitytoaPCS.·CONCLUSION:Anuntransfectedandnon-tumorigenicHCScelllinehasbeenestablished,andthecellsmaintainedpositiveexpressionofmarkerproteinsandfunctionalproteins.Thecellline,withexcellentbiocompatibilitytoaPCS,mightbeusedforinvitroreconstructionoftissue-engineeredHCS.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethediffusioncharacteristicsofwaterofopticnerveandopticradiationinhealthyadultsanditsrelatedfactorsbydiffusiontensorimaging（DTI）at3T.METHODS:Atotalof107healthyvolunteersperformedheadconventionalMRIandbilateralopticnerveandopticradiationDTI.TheprimarydataofDTIwasprocessedbypost-processingsoftwareofDTIstudio2.3,obtainingfractionalanisotropyvalue,meandiffusivityvalue,principalenginevalue,orthogonalenginevaluebymeasuring,andanalyzedbytheSPSS13.0statisticalsoftware.RESULTS:Thebilateralopticnerveandopticradiationfiberspresentedgreencolorindirectionalencodedcolor（DEC）mapsandpresentedhighsignalinfractionalanisotropy（FA）maps.TheFAvalueoftheleftopticnervewas0.598±0.069andtherightwas0.593±0.065;themeandiffusivity（MD）valueoftheleftopticnervewas（1.324±0.349）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（1.312±0.350）x10-3mm2/s;theprincipalenginevalue(λ?)oftheleftopticnervewas（2.297±0.522）×10-4mm2/sandtherightwas（2.277±0.526）×10-3mm2/s;theorthogonalenginevalue（λ⊥）oftheleftopticnervewas（0.838±0.285）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.830±0.280）×10-3mm2/s;theFAvalueoftheleftopticradiationwas0.636±0.057andtherightwas0.628±0.056;themeandiffusivity（MD）valueoftheleftopticradiationwas（0.907±0.103）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.889±0.125）×10-3mm2/s;theprincipaleigenvalue(λⅡ)oftheleftopticradiationwas（1.655±0.210）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（1.614±0.171）×10-3mn2/s;theorthogonalenginvalue（λ⊥）oftheleftopticradiationwas（0.531±0.103）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.524±0.152）×10-3m

简介：AIM:Todemonstratethemorphologyandstructureofinvitroreconstructedtissue-engineeredhumancornealepithelium(TE-HCEP)withseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline.·METHODS:TheTE-HCEPswerereconstructedinvitrowithseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline,andscaffoldcarriersofdenudedamnioticmembrane(dAM)inair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5,7and9days,respectively.Thespecimenswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)stainingofparaffin-section,immunocytochemicalstaining,scanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:DuringinvitroreconstructionofTE-HCEP,HCEPcellsformeda3-4,6-7and8-10layersofanHCEP-likestructureondAMsinair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5and7days,respectively.Butthecellsdeceasedto5-6layersandthestructureofstraifiedepitheliumbecamelooseatday9.Andthecellsmaintainedpositiveexpressionofmarkerproteins(keratin3andkeratin12),cell-junctionproteins(zonulaoccludens-1,E-cadherin,connexin43andintegrinβ1)andmembranetransportproteinofNa+-K+ATPase.TheHCEPcellsinTE-HCEPwererichinmicrovillionapicalsurfaceandestablishednumerouscell-cellandcell-dAMjunctionsatday5.·CONCLUSION:ThemorphologyandstructureofthereconstructedTE-HCEPweresimilartothoseofHCEPinvivo.TheHCEPcellsinthereconstructedTE-HCEPmaintainedthepropertiesofHCEPcells,includingabilitiesofformingintercellularandcell-extracellularmatrixjunctionsandabilitiesofperformingmembranetransportation.TheuntransfectedHCEPcellsanddAMscouldpromisinglybeusedinreconstructionHCEPequivalentforclinicalcornealepitheliumtransplantation.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheaccuracyofsphericalequivalent(SE)estimatesofadouble-passsystemandtocompareitwithretinoscopy,subjectiverefractionandatablemountedautorefractor.METHODS:Non-cycloplegicrefractionwasperformedon125eyesof65healthyadults(age23.5±3.0years)fromOctober2010toJanuary2011usingretinoscopy,subjectiverefraction,autorefraction(AutokeratorefractometerTOPCONKR-8100,Japan)andadoublepasssystem(OpticalQualityAnalysisSystem,OQAS,VisiometricsS.L.,Spain).Nineconsecutivemeasurementswiththedouble-passsystemwereperformedonasubgroupof22eyestoassessrepeatability.ToevaluatethetruenessoftheOQASinstrument,theSElaboratorybiasbetweenthedoublepasssystemandtheothertechniqueswascalculated.RESULTS:TheSEmeancoefficientofrepeatabilityobtainedwas0.22D.SignificantcorrelationscouldbeestablishedbetweentheOQASandtheSEobtainedwithretinoscopy(r=0.956,P<0.001),subjectiverefraction(r=0.955,P<0.001)andautorefraction(r=0.957,P<0.001).ThedifferencesinSEbetweenthedouble-passsystemandtheothertechniquesweresignificant(P<0.001),butlackedclinicalrelevanceexceptforretinoscopy;Retinoscopygavemorehyperopicvaluesthanthedouble-passsystem-0.51±0.50Daswellasthesubjectiverefraction-0.23±0.50D;Moremyopicvalueswereachievedbymeansofautorefraction0.24±0.49D.CONCLUSION:Thedouble-passsystemprovidesaccurateandreliableestimatesoftheSEthatcanbeusedforclinicalstudies.Thistechniquecandeterminethecorrectfocuspositiontoassesstheocularopticalquality.However,ithasarelativelysmallmeasuringrangeincomparisonwithautorefractors(-8.00to+5.00D),andrequirespriorinformationontherefractivestateofthepatient.