简介：CrudeoilsfromdifferentbasinsinChina,AustraliaandNewZealandwereanalyzedtocharacter-izearomatichydrocarbonsproducedindifferentenvironmentsbymeansofGC/MS.Thedistributionsofsomecommoncompoundssuchasnaphthalene,phenanthrene,chrysene,pyrene,fluoranthene,fluorine,dibenzothiopheneanddibenzofuranwerefoundtoberelatedtosedimentaryenvironments.Especiallytherelativecontentsoffluorenes,dibenzofuransanddibenzothiophenescanbeusedtodi-videtheoilsintothreetypes(1)salineormarinecarbonateenvironment;(2)fresh-brackishwaterlake;(3)swampandcoal-bearingsequence.Aromaticbiomarkers(e.g.retene,nor-abietene,derivativesoflupeolandβ-amyrin)representhigherplantinpultswithrespecttotheprecursorsofcrudeoils.Highcontentsofsulphur-containingcompoundslikebenzothiopheneanddibenzothiopheneseriesindicateareducingsulphur-abundantdiageneticcondition.Thebenzohopaneseries(C32-C35)wasidentifiedbothinhypersalineandcoal-bearingbasins,anditispostulatedtobetheresultofstrongbacteriaactivity.Inallthesam-ples,acompleteseriesofalkylbenzeneswasanalyzed.Thesimilarityofitscarbon-numberdistrbu-tionwiththatofn-alkanesprobablysuggeststheirgeneticrelationship.Thedistributionofthemethylphenanthreneseriesreflectstheevolutiondegreeofcrudeoils,MPIholdingapositivecorrelationwithC29-sterane20S/(20S+20R).

简介：TheCandHisotopiccompositionsofthemethaneinmorethan160gassamplesfrom10basinsinChinaarepresentedinthispaper.Thenaturalgasesareclassifiedasfourtypes:biogenicgas,bio-thermocatalytictransitionalgas,gasassociatedwithcondensateoil,andcoal-typegas.Theisotopiccompositionsofthesegasescloselyrelatedtothedepositionalbasins,thetypesoforganicmatter,thestagesofthermalevolutionandthegeneticcharacteristicsofdifferentgasreservoirs.StudiesoftheCandHisotopiccompositionsofterrigenousnaturalgaseswillprovidevalua-bleinformationontheprospectinganddevelopmentofnaturalgasesofdifferentgenetictypes.

简介：纸系统地在Erlian盆分析更低的白垩纪的烃移植特征，基于泥石头和沙岩的geochemical数据总体上产生烃下垂。(1)在K_1ba和K_1bt_1的源岩被估计是成熟的，他们的烃逐出比率罐头活动范围32%-72%。类型--Ⅰ在窗户拥有的油下垂好烃产生和逐出条件，在商业水库能被形成的地方。(2)根据泥的曲线投掷粘土矿物的压缩和进化，泥石头的快速的压缩阶段是烃逐出的正确时间，即，主要移植。(3)在烃产生和逐出之间预定主要与油窗户的一致和在烃产生的泥石头的快速的压缩阶段有关类型下垂--我。那形成在烃产生和移植之间的最匹配的关系。(4)差错和不顺从是为第二等的烃迁居的重要路径。特别，在K_1ba和K_1bt_1之间的不顺从为油累积有一个有利条件，在所有类型的陷井是主要探索目标的地方。(5)Hydrocarbonmigration效果，在Uliastai下垂，是很重要的；在Saihan，Tal和Anan下垂，这下次来，并且那在Bayandanan和Jargalangt下垂是最糟的。

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简介：ThecharacteristicstructuresofthePrecambrianchertsfromtheGusuisection,Guangdong,Chi-na,includebeddedstructure,laminatedstructure,massivestructureandpseudobrecciatedstructure.ThechertischaracterizedbyconsistentlylowabundanceofTiO2,Al2O3andmosttraceelements.Howevver,itisenrichedinBa,As,Sb,HgandSe.InAl-Fe-Mnternarydiagrams,itfallsintothe'hydrothermalfield'.Correspondenceanalysisandfactoranalysisshowthatmanyelementsshowupinthefactorthatrepresentstheleachingofcountryrocksbyhydrothermalsolutions,andaretheverycharacteristicelementassociationfothegeochemicallyanomalousSouthChinabasement.Petrologicandgeochemicalevidencesuggestsahydrothermaloriginforthechert.ThechertmayhavebeenformedinaPrecambrianfiftoranextensionzonedevelopedwithintheYunkaimarginalgeosyncline,withafaultsystemlinkingittoanunknownheatsourceatdepth.

简介：Ithasbeenshownfrompetrologic,geochemical,traceelementandREEevidencethatthegran-iteintrusionsatSikongshan,AnhuiProvince,canbeassignedtotwodistincttypeswhichareradicallydifferentinageandorigin.ThePrecambriangneissicgranitedresultedfromremeltingofoldcontinentalcrustwhiletheMesozoicgraniteswerederived,alsothroughremelting,fromlow-Rb/Srrocksatgreaterdepths.GranitemassesatTiantangzhaiandZhoujiawanintheDabieshanMountainsarealsodicussed.

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简介：Aglobal-scaleglaciationoccurredatabout600Maago.Asaresult,theEarthbecamethe'SnowballEarth'.Theglaciationcametotheendabruptlywhenatmosphericcarbondioxideincreasedtosuchanextentastobeabout350timesthemodernlevelbecauseofsubaerialvolcanicdegassing.TherapidterminationofglaciationwouldhaveledtowarmingoftheSnowballEarthandextremegreenhouseconditionswouldhavebeencreated.Thetransferofatmosphericcarbondioxidetooceanswouldgiverisetotherapidprecipitationofcalciumcarbonateinwarmsurfaceseawaters,thusformingthecapcarbonaterocksasobservedworldwidetoday.Regionallypersisting,thinlayersofcarbonaterocksdirectlyandubiquitouslyoverlieProterozoicglacialdepositsalmostoneverycontinent,andarecommonlyreferredtoascapcarbonates.Theirunusuallitho-fabrics,stratigraphicallyabruptbasalandupper-levelcontactsandstronglynegativecarbonateisotopicsignatures(δ13Ccarb.valuesrangefrom-7.0‰-0‰)suggestachemicaloceanographicorigin,thedetailsofwhichremainunknown.Itisproposedthattheseenigmaticdepositsarerelatedtothedestabilizationofgaseoushydrateinterrestrialpermafrostfollowingrapidpostglacialwarmingandfloodingofwidelyexposedcontinentalshelvesandinternalbasins.Theauthorscarriedoutstudiesonthegeochemistry,sedimentologyandpalaeontologyoftheSiniancapcarbonatesinGuizhouandHunanprovinces,includingtheoccurrenceofcapcarbonatesofunusualfabrics,stronglynegativecarbonisotopicsignatures,andalotofbitumennodules.Fromtheresultsitissuggestedthatthecapcarbonateswereformedfromsolidmethaneseepage,anditisinagreementwithKennedy'sviewpoint(2001)thatthecapcarbonatesresultedfromtherapidprecipitationofcalciumcarbonateinresponsetosolidmethaneseepage.

简介：TheMazhuangshanarealiesinnortheasttoAqikekuduke,wherearedistributedin-termediate-acidrocks,whichwereformedintheMiddle-LateCarboniferousepoch.Themagmaticrocksareperaluminousandbelongtocalcareousseries.AllvaluesofACNK(1.03-2.12),ANK(1.67-2.93),SI(4.1-33),δ(0.71-4.82),La/∑REE(0.09-0.26)∑LREE/∑HREE(1.76-11.01),(La/Sm)N(1.60-6.35),(Sm/Nd)N(0.33-0.58),(La/Yb)N(4.7-12.1),LaN/Lux(5.9-11.8),(Ce/Yb)N(3.14-6.64),δEu(0.38-1.06),RbN/SrN(41-120)andSr(0.02-0.2)demonstratetheyvarywithD_I(45-90).S-Bdiagramalsoshowsthatthelithophileelementsareabundantinacidicmagmaticrocks,Moreover,itisconcludedthattheprimitivemagmaoriginatedfromasubductionzoneatthecontinentaledge,andunderwentfractionalcrystallizationandcontamination,thengeneratedthemagmaticrocks,Themulti-cationindex(R:3055-3993,R2:286-438)showsthattheprimitivemagmaoriginatedfromthemantle,Alltheseconclusionsarebeneficialforexploringgolddepositsinthearea.

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简介：Itisgenerallyacceptedthatthecompositionsandpropertiesofsoilorganicmatter（SOM）arein?uencedbymanyfactors.InordertorevealtheeffectsofsoiltextureoncharacteristicsanddynamicsofSOManditssub-fraction,humicacid（HA）,alongtwosoilpro?les,ayellowsoilpro?leandapurplishsoilpro?le,underthesameclimateandvegetationconditionsweredetermined.Resultsindicatethatthedecompositionandhumi?cationdegreesofSOMandHAofthepurplishsoilsarehigherthanthoseofthecorrespondingyellowsoilsindicatedbyA/O–AratiosofHAs,TOCsandHAyieldsofbulksoilsamples,nevertheless,thedevelopmentdegreeofthepurplishsoilislowerthanthatoftheyellowsoil.ThevariationsofE4/E6ratiosofHAsalongthesoilpro?lesindicatetheoverallmolecularsizesofHAsdecreaseddownwardalongthesoilpro?les.A/O–AratiosofHAsdecreaseddownwardalongboththesoilpro?lesindicatethathumi?cationprocessesdecreasedownwardalongboththesoilpro?les.LeachingofSOMshowssigni?canteffectsonthedistributionandcharacteristicsofHAsintheyellowsoilpro?lebutthepurplishsoilpro?le,whichisconsistentwiththehigherhydrophobicityofHAsinpurplishsoils,showsthatthedistributioncharacteristicsofSOMalongthesoilpro?lesareacomplexresultofthecombinationofsoiltextureandcharacteristicsofSOMitself.TheremarkablydifferentsandcontentsareconcludedtentativelyasoneofreasonstothedifferentdistributionsanddynamicsofHAsalongthesoilpro?les,however,toprofoundlyunderstandtheevolutionandtransportofSOMalongsoilpro?lesneedsmoreresearches.

简介：贝古山沼泽地，在水位经历了期刊变化，在长江边躺，并且它的主导的植物是Phragmitescommunis，Phalarisarundinacea和蓼lapathifolium。以便在贝古山沼泽地的生态系统学习氮和磷的分发特征，作者在Phragmitescommunis，Phalarisarundinacea和蓼lapathifolium测量了全部的氮和全部的磷的内容，并且在有不同植物种类的沼泽地土壤的氮和磷的内容。另外，作者调查了各种各样的植物的影响在上空间、季节(春天/秋天)在沼泽地的氮和磷的分布玷污。在Phalarisarundinacea的氮和磷的内容比在一样的部分的另外的二植物种的那些显著地高。在沼泽地的磷的第二等的污染主要源于Phalarisarundinacea。Phragmitescommunis有效地在湿季节在沼泽地土壤移走氮和磷。蓼的能力移开氮的lapathifolium在植物的3种类之中是最低的。这些调查结果提供一个理论基础让植物种类的选择恢复生态环境并且为清除的时间和深度的选择河边沼泽地上的淤泥。

简介：ExtensivevolcanismisoneoftheimportantfeaturesofCenozoicgeologyinChina.Basedontemporal-spatialdistribution,thevolcanismwasassociatedwiththreemajordifferentgeologicalsettings:1)thecontinentalriftbasaltsinNortheastandNorthChina;2)thetension-faultbasaltsonthecontinentalmarginsofSoutheastChina;and3)thecollision-zonehigh-KvolcanicsintheQinghai-XizangPlateauanditsvicinities.Thecharacteristicsof'depletioninthesouthandenrichmentinthenorth'oftheChinacontinentalmantlearestronglysupportedbyisotopicevidence.TheCenozoiccontinentalcalcharacters,intothefollowinggeochemicalprovinces:1)thedepletedmantleinSouthChina;2)theprimarymantleinNortheastandNorthChina;3)thehybridandtransi-tionalmantleintheregionofShandong,Anhui,JiangsuandnorthernZhejiang;4)thedepletedmantlearoundtheBohaiBayandtheLowerLiaoheRiver;5)theK-metasomaticenrichedmantleinthenorthernpartofNortheastChina;and6)there-cycledenrichedmantleintheancientsubductionzoneintheQinghai-XizangPlateauanditssurround-ings.Thesegeochemicalcharacteristicsonaregionalscalemustbeareflectionofthenatureoflithosphereevolution.

简介：TheDuolanasayigolddeposit,60kmNWofHabaheCountyinXinjiang,isamedi-um-largescalegolddepositcontrolledbythecoupledore-formingprocessesinvolvingbrittle-duc-tileshearing,albititeveins,andpost-stagemagmasolution.Fluidinclusionstudiesindicatethatthehomogenizationtemperaturesrangefrom160℃to315℃withthepeakvaluesof220-300℃.Mineralizationpressuresarefrom21.0MPato64.5MPa.OrefluidinclusionscontainCa2+,K+,Na+,Mg2+;HCO3-,SO242-,HS-,F-,Cl-andAu+(maximum:5.3×10-6),andthemineralizingfluidisaH2O-CO2system.Sulfur,hydrogen,oxygenandstrontiumisotop-iccompositions(δS=-2.46‰--7.02‰,δ18OH2O=1.65‰-12.4‰,δD=-132.2‰--51.8‰,(Sr/Sr)i=0.7043-0.7073)suggestthattheore-formingfluidisthemixtureofmagmaticwater,meteoricwater,metamorphicwaterandformationwatersealedinrocksandstrata.Itismainlymagmaticwaterintheearlystage,andmixingfluidofwater,meteoricwater,metamorphicwaterandformationwaterthatoccurredinrocksandstratainthemajormineraliza-tionstage.Theore-formingmaterialswerederivedfromtheuppermantleorlowercrust.

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简介：Gullysystemsandwatershedsaregeomorphicunitswithclearboundariesthatarerelativelyindependentofbasinlandscapesandplayanimportantroleinnaturalgeography.InordertoexplorethemorphologicalcharacteristicsofgullysystemsandwatershedsintheDry-HotValley[SouthWest(SW)China],gulliesareinterpretedfromonlineGoogleimageswithhighresolutionandwatershedsareextractedfromdigitalelevationmodelatascaleof1:50,000.Theresultsshowthat:(1)Thereare17,382gullies(withatotalareaof1141.66km^2)and42watershedsinthestudyarea.(2)Theaveragegullydensityofthestudyarea(D)is4.29km/km^2,gullyfrequency(F)is14.39gullies/km^2,thebranchingratio(B)is5.13,thelengthratio(L)is3.12,andthecoefficientofthemainandtributarygullies(M)is0,06.Thedegreeofgullyerosionisstrongtoextremelystrong,themaindevelopmentintensityofgullyerosionrangesfromintensetomoderate,andthetypeofgullysystemistributary.(3)Thewatershedareas(A)arebetween0.39and96.43km^2,thereliefratio(R)isfrom0.10to0.19,thecircularityratio(C)isfrom0.30to0.83,thetextureratio(T)isfrom0.82to39.35,andthedominantgeomorphologicaltexturetypeisfine.(4)ThereisaquantitativerelationshipbetweenFandD:F=0.624D2(R=0.84)andTiscloselyrelatedtoD,F,M(R2>0.7).A,RandCarerelatedtoM(R2>0.5).Thedevelopmentofgullysystemsistheresultofcouplingeffectsbetweenmultiplefactors.Inthisarea,thedegreeoferosionandtheconditionofthemainandtributarygulliescanbecontrolledbythedegreeoftopographicbreakageinthewatershed,whichprovidessometheoreticalbasisfortheevaluationofgullyerosionbythelatter.Inaddition,thescale,relief,andshapehaveasignificantimpactonthelocationsofthemainandtributarygullies.Fortributarygullies,attentionshouldbepaidtotheinterceptionandcontrolofrunoffandsedimentinthesmallconfluencebranchesinordertopreventgullyexpansionandheadadvance.Thesefeaturescaninformthedevelopmentoftargetedmea