简介：Thesurfaceofpolypropylene(PP)membranewasmodifiedbylowtemperatureplasmawithammonia.Theeffectofexposuretimewasinvestigatedbymeansofcontactanglemeasurement.Theresultsshowthatlowtemperatureammoniaplcsmatreatmentcanenhanceitshydrophilicity.Chinesehamsterovary(CHO)cellsattachmentonthemodifiedmembranewasenhancedandthegrowthrateonthemembranewasfasterthanunmodifiedone.

简介：Carbazole-basedbi-functionalphotorefractivepolyacrylateswerepreparedviafreeradicalpolymerizationandpost-azo-couplingreaction.ThestructureofpolymerswascharacterizedbyFouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR)andprotonnuclearmagneticresonance(1H-NMR)spectroscopy.Thedifferentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC)andthethermalgravimetricanalysis(TGA)wereusedtocharacterizethethermalpropertyofpolymers.Theresultsindicatethatthoughtheglasstransitiontemperature(Tg)ofpolymersincreaseswithincreasingtheratioofNLOgroups,thepolymerswithdifferentratiosofNLOgroupsstillallshowlowglasstransitiontemperaturesaround60°C,andgoodthermalstability,whicharefavorabletothepracticalapplicationofthesepolymers.Thegelpermeationchromatographic(GPC)resultindicatesthatthesepolymersallhavehigh-molecular-weightwhichisfavorabletothelongtermstabilityofthematerial.Further,thesepolymershavegoodsolubilityinchloroformsolvent,andthesolutionscaneasilybefabricatedintoopticallytransparentfilms.Gaincoefficientsof75cm-1,185cm-1and66cm-1canbeobservedatzeroexternalelectricfieldwithoutanyadditionagentorpre-polingforpolymersP-2,P-3andP-4respectively.ThedifferentcontentsofNLOgroupsresultinthedifferentpropertiesofpolymersP-2,P-3andP-4.

简介：Theeffectofsinteringdispersedandbulk,lowmolecularweight(Mn=50,000Da),nano-emulsionpolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)particlesneartheirmeltingpointisdescribed.Withthenascentparticlesconsistingofca.75nmdiameter,hexagonal,singlecrystals,sinteringat,e.g.,350℃,results,initially,inmergerofneighboringparticles,followedbyindividualmolecularmotiononthesubstrateandtheformationoffoldedchain,lamellarsinglecrystalsandspherulites,andon-edgeribbons.Itissuggestedthesestructuresdevelop,withtime,inthemesomorphic'melt'.Sinteringofthebulkresinyieldsextendedchain,bandstructures,aswellasfoldedchainlamellae;end-surfacetoend-surfacemerger,possiblybyend-to-endpolymerization,occurswithincreasingtime.

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简介：有1-hexene的乙烯的一系列共聚物综合了使用metallocene催化剂被选择并且混合。混合是经由准备温度升起的fractionatedelution分别(P-TREF)。所有部分经由高温度的胶化浸透层析(GPC)被描绘，<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>13C原子磁性的回声光谱学(<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>13C-NMR)，并且微分扫描热量测定(DSC)。在作为elution温度的功能从P-TREF融化部分的山峰温度的DSC的变化是几乎线性的，从而提供TREF的elution温度通过试验的一本参考书能被选择。而且，P-TREF的标准刻度曲线(ethylene/1-hexene)被建立，它联系到部分的短链的分叉的度。P-TREF的标准刻度曲线是有益的在聚乙烯的复杂分叉结构上学习。为为TREF实验选择分别温度的一个方便方法被详细描述。聚乙烯样品是经由连续自我成核的fractionated并且退火(SSA)热分别。一个多重融化的温血动物通过在SSA热分别以后为样品加热扫描的最后的DSC被获得。一系列分别温度然后通过在融化山峰温度和TREFelution温度的DSC之间的关系被选择。

简介：Anewmethacrylamidemonomer,hexylaminemethacrylamide(MAHA),wassynthesizedandusedinpolymerizations.ThehomopolymerofMAHAanditscopolymersweresynthesizedbyfreeradicalpolymerizationtechniqueswithN-isopropylacrylamide(NIPAAm)intwodifferentcompositions.Thequaternizationofthehomopolymerandcopolymerswerecarriedoutusing1-bromopropane.ThecopolymerswithNIPAAmandalowMAHAcontentshowedtemperature-responsivebehaviorinanaqueousenvironment.Thelowercriticalsolutiontemperatures(LCSTs)ofthesepolymersvariedbetween32℃and44℃.TheLCSTsofquaternizedcopolymerswerehigherthanthoseofneutralcopolymersbecausetheyweremorehydrophilic.TheobtainedhomopolymersandcopolymersweretestedforantibacterialactivitiesagainstS.aureusandE.coli.Thequaternizedwater-solublecopolymersshowedantibacterialactivitiesagainstS.aureus.Thequaternizationresultedinthesynthesisofbothantibacterialandtemperature-responsivecopolymers.

简介：一系列随机的共聚物(PCLA)被D，L减水乳酸(LA)和-caprolactone(CL)的戒指洞聚合与不同臼齿的比率综合。PCLA基于聚氨酯(PCLAU)被获得由有hexamethylenediisocyanate(HDI)的PCLA和polytetramethylene醚(PTMEG)扩大链。所有PCLAU超过98%与高形状固定性比率展出好形状记忆性质，在第一的超过82%的形状恢复比率骑车，91%在第二骑车。有更少的CL内容的PCLAU证明有更多的CL内容的更快的恢复速度和PCLAU显示出更高的形状恢复比率。扳机温度能被以CL调整LA的臼齿的比率在身体温度附近调节或控制。PCLAU有潜在的应用在植入生物医学的设备，特别为最低限度地侵略的可部署的设备。

简介：Inthispaper,anartificialneuralnetworkmodelisadoptedtostudytheglasstransitiontemperatureofpolymers.Inourartificialneuralnetworks,theinputnodesarethecharacteristicratioC∞,theaveragemolecularweightM,betweenentanglementpointsandthemolecularweightMmonofrepeatingunit.TheoutputnodeistheglasstransitiontemperatureTg,andthenumberofthehiddenlayeris6.Wefoundthattheartificialneuralnetworksimulationsareaccurateinpredictingtheoutcomeforpolymersforwhichitisnottrained.Themaximumrelativeerrorforpredictingoftheglasstransitiontemperatureis3.47%,andtheoverallaverageerrorisonly2.27%.Artificialneuralnetworksmayprovidesomenewideastoinvestigateotherpropertiesofthepolymers.

简介：Theabsorptionoffreealkaliatlowconcentrationbysubacidresinwastracedwithelectricconductancemethod,theeffectoftemperatureontheadsorption,theactivationenergy,ofadsorption(Ea)andinteractionenergy(U)wasstudied.Theresultshowedthat,theprocessoflowconcentrationalkaliadsorptionbysubacidresinwasinaccordancewithmechanismofmonomolecularlayerabsorption,inaddition)withtheincreasingoftemperature,theinteractionenergybetweenadsorbateandsorbentincrease,sodidthesurfaceadsorptionrate(k),andlinearcorrelationexistedbetweeninteractionenergy(U)andtemperature(T).

简介：Fournewlow-band-gapalternatingcopolymers(P-1,P-2,P-3andP-4)basedonelectron-richbenzodithiopheneandnewlydevelopedelectron-deficientunits,thienopyrazineordithiadiazatrindenederivatives,weresynthesizedbyStillepolycondensation.Allpolymersexhibitgoodsolubilityincommonorganicsolventsandabroadabsorptionbandinthevisibletonear-infraredregions.Thefilmopticalbandgapsofthepolymersareintherangeof1.28-2.07eVandthehighestoccupiedmolecularorbital(HOMO)energylevelsareintherangeof-4.99eVto-5.28eV.Bulkheterojunctionpolymersolarcells(PSCs)ofthepolymerswerefabricatedwithphenyl-C61-butyricacidmethylester(PC61BM)asacceptormaterial,andapowerconversionefficiencyof0.80%wasrealizedwithP-1asdonormaterial.

简介：在我们的当前的工作，在有起核心作用的代理人的isotactic聚丙烯(iPP)的水晶的生长上的shear温度的效果被调查借助于在situ二维的宽角度的X光检查衍射(2D-WAXD)。在低砍温度，面向的先锋是的形成的砍导致难由于分子的链的弱活动性放松回到随机的卷的状态。因此，很多的面向的晶体被砍导致导致面向的先锋，当水晶极大地被压抑时。作为shear温度增加，面向的水晶逐渐地与水晶的减少一起增加。这被推出水晶的内容在增加到的shear温度(最大值)在静止结晶化发现的价值在结晶化动力学上的流动的加速的效果哪个完全被擦掉几乎与那一样。我们的工作在结构和iPP的性质操作在调整水晶并且这样表明它的意义。

简介：Inviewoftheimportanceofdispersionagent,theamountofthecrosslinkingmonomerandthediluentinsuspensionpolymerizationfortheproductionofparticlesizenarrowlydistributedlow-densitystryenedivinylbenzenecopolymermicrobeads(LDPS),theiractionsarepreliminarilyinvestigatedinthispaper.Experimentalresultsindicatethatwhenboththegelatineandpolyvinylalcohol(PVA)areuseddispersionagents,thebettereffectisachieved,DVBishelpfultotheformationofthelowerdensityfineparticles,theproportionoftheDVB/Stshouldbebetween1:1-1.5:1.Comparedwithtoluene,gasolineisthemoreeffectivediluentfortheabovetarget.

简介：Polyether-polyurethanezwitterionomersbasedon4,4’-diphenylmethanediisocyanate(MDI),methyldiethanolamine(MDEA),andpolytetramethyleneoxideglycol(PTMO)werestudiedwithvariable-temperaturewide-line~1HNMR.Itisfoundthatuponionization,degreeofphaseseparationinthepolymersystemdecreasedatfirstduetothelossofhardsegmentregularity,whilefurtherionizationincreasedthedegreeofphaseseparationthroughincreasinghardphasecohesionanddifferenceofpolaritybetweenhardandsoftsegments.

简介：Nano-SiO2或哞3被介绍给橡胶(EVA/NBR)混合包含镁氢氧化物(MH)和红磷(RP)进一步改进机械性质的乙烯乙烯基acetate/nitrile丁二烯，油抵抗，吸抑制和火焰retardancy。结果显示张力的力量和油抵抗被合并nano-SiO显著地改进<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>2。为EVA/NBR混合样品的烟抑制测试两个都显示出那nano-SiO<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>2和哞<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>3能显著地减少烟版本数量。易燃的描述显示有33.0的LOI价值的混合样品能在UL-94测试完成V-0水平。锥热量测定测试数据证明山峰热版本率是67%比那低为纯EVA/NBR。热分析证明两nano-SiO的存在<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>2和哞<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>3对支持EVA/NBR混合的字符形成有益。字符剩余分析建议了那哞<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>在燃烧期间在稳固的阶段聚集的3。

简介：Fluorescencespectraofladderlikepolyphenylsilsesquioxane(LPPS)andladderlike1,4-phenylene-bridgedpolyvinylsiloxane(LPPVS)havebeenmeasuredasafunctionoftemperature(4-55℃),indilutetetrahydrofuransolution.Theexcimer(IE)tomonomer(IM)intensityratio(IE/IM)ofLPPSdilutesolutionshowsadoublelinearArrheniusplotwithabreakpointascribabletoatransitiontemperatureTr.Thisbehaviorhasnotbeenfoundforsinglechainpolyorganosiloxanes.WhenIn/EofLPPSwasplottedagainst1/T,italsogaveadoublelinearplotwithonebreakpoint,whichwasfoundinsinglechainpolyorganosiloxanes.ThedifferentbehaviorsbetweenLPPSandsinglechainpolyorganosiloxanesmaybemainlyattributedtotherelativelyrigiddouble-chainmacromolecularbackboneofLPPS.However,theln(IE/IM)ofdiluteLPPVSsolutionversus1/Tshowsasimplelinearvariationwithapositiveslopewhichconfirmsourproposition.ThedifferencebetweenthefluorescenceresultsofLPPSandthoseofLPPVSmaypossiblyderivefromtheirstructuredifferencesandcooperativemotioninbackbonechainbonds.

简介：Spinodalphaseseparationbehaviorofpoly(methylmethacrylate)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)(PMMA/SAN)blendswasinvestigatedbythetime-resolvedsmallanglelightscattering(SALS)technique.Itwasfoundthattheinfluenceoftemperatureonthescatteringintensityevolutionfollowedthetime-temperaturesuperpositionprinciple.TherelationshipbetweentemperatureandtherelaxationtimeofscatteringintensityI(t)canbewelldescribedbytheWilliams-Landel-Ferry(WLF)function.

简介：一系列新奇低乐队差距施主领受人(D-A)类型在主要的链(M1)并且在由电子缺乏的领受人块组成的器官的共聚物(BT-F-TPA，BT-CZ-TPA和BT-SI-TPA)悬挂(M2)是与不同电子富人一起的polymerized施主(M3M5)块，即，9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluorene，N-alkyl-2,7-carbazole，和2,6-dithinosilole，分别地经由铃木方法。这些聚合物展出了相对低的乐队差距(1.651.88eV)和宽广吸收范围(680740nm)。作为电子施主合并这些聚合物的体积异质接面(BHJ)太阳能电池，相配与[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric酸甲基酉旨(PC61BM)或[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric酸甲基酉旨(PC71BM)作为在不同重量的电子领受人，比率下面被制作并且测试与白光的照明的AM1.5的100mW/cm2。包含施主BT-SI-TPA和领受人PC71在1:2重量比率的BM显示出1.88%的最好的力量变换效率(PCE)值，与开的电路电压(Voc)=0.75V，短路电流密度(Jsc)=7.60妈/厘米2,并且充满因素(FF)=33.0%。

简介：Insitucompatibilizationoflowdensitypolyehylene(LDPE)(30%)andnylon-6(70%)blendsthroughone-stepreactiveextrusionusingt-BuOOHasaninitiatorandlowmolec-ularweightinterfacialagentsascompatibilizerswasstudied.Thecompatibilizercontainedalongchainbydrocarbon,doublebondandtwopolarfunctionalgroupswhichwascapableofreactingwithbothLDPEandnylon-6inthepresenceofinitiatortoformacopolymerattheinterfaceofthetwopolymerphases.Theextrudedblendsexhibitedsignificanten-hancementintheircompatibilitybasedonmorphological,thermalanalysisandmechanicalstudies.Theeffectofthehydrocarbonchainlengthandstructureofthefunctionalgroupofthecompatibilizerwasalsoexamined.Itwasfoundthatblendspreparedbyusingthecompatibilizercontaininglongerhydrocarbonchainandamidegrouphadbettermechanicalproperties.

简介：我们重游聚合物液体的Simha-Somcynsky模型以达到开发新奇理论、计算的途径简化并且加快它的解决方案以及试验性的数据的试穿，并且减少它数学复杂性的水平。我们报导允许我们确切解决模型的二个方程之一的一个新奇方法，因此把数学困难的水平放等同于一其它为聚合物液体当模特儿。而且，我们描述能够以一个不偏的方法适合模型的所有五个参数的一个计算算法。获得的结果复制文学结果并且很精确地为三聚合物适合试验性的pressure-volume-temperature和溶解度参数数据。而且，新技术允许在很低的温度的模型的调查。出人意料地，模型预言当习惯性地在dilatometry观察了，能作为一只杯子被解释的行为转移，微分扫描热量测定，和一只杯子分阶段执行。我们比较了预言并且试验性的T<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>g为cis的spoly(1,4丁二烯)并且发现一个优秀量的协议。

简介：Theadsorptionoflowconcentrationoffreeacidbyregenerablechitinisfollowedbyelectricconductancedetermination.Theeffectofacidconcentratioin,contentoffunctioinalaminogroups,andionicstrengthonadsorptionwasdiscussed.Experimentalresultsindicatethattheactivecentreofregenerablechitinisthefreeaminogroupsonistsurface,andthattherateofadsorptionoffreeacidwasfoundtobeaffectedbytwofactors:theinteractionbetweentheadsorbentandtheadsorbateinsolutionandthatbetweentheadsorbatemoleculesorionsinsolution.