简介：Objective:ToinvestigatewhethervitaminDreceptorgene(VDR)BsmI-rs1544410andFokI-rs2228570polymorphisms,smokingduration,andbodymassindex(BMI)areriskfactorsforcutaneousmelanoma,especiallymetastaticmelanoma.Methods:Westudied120cutaneousmelanomacases[68stageIandIInon-metastaticmelanoma(NMetM)patients,plus52StageIIIandIVmetastaticmelanoma(MetM)patients],and120matchinghealthycontrolsfromnortheastItaly.VDRpolymorphismsweremeasuredbyrestrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphismanalysis.AbsenceorpresenceofBsmIandFokIrestrictionsiteswasdenotedby'B'and'F'orby'b'and'f,'respectively.Results:VDR-BsmIbbgenotypewasmorefrequentamongMetM(32.7%)thanamongNMetMcases(13.2%),withoddsratio(OR)=3.18.Comparisonofallmelanomapatientsvshealthycontrolsshowedthatthefollowingbiomarkerswereatrisk:≥20yearsofsmoking(OR=2.43);≥20yearsofsmokingcombinedwithbb(OR=4.78),Bb+bb(OR=2.30),Ff(OR=3.04),andFf+ff(OR=3.08);obesity(BMI>30Conclusions:RiskfactorsforcutaneousMetMincludetwoVDRpolymorphismscombinedwithsmokingdurationandobesity.Resultssuggestgene-environmentimplicationsinmelanomasusceptibilityandseverity.Futurestudiesinlargercohortsandinsubjectswithdifferentgeneticbackgroundarewarrantedtoextendourfindings.

简介：采用Nature公布的2014、2015、2016年生命科学学科的自然指数作为数据来源,分别整理统计42所高校的论文计数指标、分数计数指标;在此基础上对比分析了这3年中国高校生命科学学科的科研产出情况,并对如何促进科研人员发表高质量论文,提高机构科研贡献提出了建议.