简介：ComplexitymeasuresforkeystreammultisequencesoverZ/(N)playacrucialroleindesigninggoodstreamciphersystems.Thiscorrespondenceshowsageneralupperboundonk-errorjointN-adiccomplexityofperiodicmultisequencesoverZ/(N),andestablishestheexistenceofperiodicN-adicmultisequencesoverZ/(N)whichsimultaneouslypossessmaximaljointN-adiccomplexityandlargek-errorjointN-adiccomplexity.UndersomeconditionstheoverwhelmingmajorityofallT-periodicN-adicmultisequencesoverZ/(N)withmaximaljointN-adiccomplexitylogN(NT-1)haveak-errorjointN-adiccomplexityclosetologN(NT-1).

简介：Jointlocationandscalemodelsoftheskew-normaldistributionprovideusefulextensionforjointmeanandvariancemodelsofthenormaldistributionwhenthedatasetunderconsiderationinvolvesasymmetricoutcomes.Thispaperfocusesonthemaximumlikelihoodestimationofjointlocationandscalemodelsoftheskew-normaldistribution.Theproposedprocedurecansimultaneouslyestimateparametersinthelocationmodelandthescalemodel.Simulationstudiesandarealexampleareusedtoillustratetheproposedmethodologies.

简介：Fatiguecrackingtestsofasolderjointwerecarriedoutusingin-situscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)technologyundertensileandbendingcyclicloadings.Themethodforpredictingthefatiguelifeisprovidedbasedonthefatiguecrackgrowthrateofthesolderjoint.Theresultsshowthattheeffectoftheloadingtypeonthefatiguecrackgrowthbehaviorofasolderjointcannotbeignored.Inaddition,thefiniteelementanalysisresultshelpquantitativelyestimatetheresponserelationshipbetweensolderjointstructures.Thefatiguecrackinitiationlifeofasolderjointisingoodagreementwiththefatiguelife(N50%)ofatotallyelectronicboardwith36solderjoints.

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简介：Theoptimalestimationperformanceoftargetparametersisstudied.First,thegeneralformofCramer-Raobound(CRB)forjointestimationoftargetlocationandvelocityisderivedforcoherentmultipleinputmultipleoutput(MIMO)radars.TogainsomeinsightintothebehavioroftheCRB,theCRBwithasetofgivenorthogonalwaveformsisstudiedasaspecificcase.Second,amaximumlikelihood(ML)estimationalgorithmisproposed.Themeansquareerror(MSE)oftheMLestimationoftargetlocationandvelocityisobtainedbyMonteCarlosimulationanditapproachesCRBinthehighsignal-to-noiseratio(SNR)region.

简介：ChinaandtheU.S.haveinitiatedaseriesofbilateralandmultilateralactionstodealwiththeNorthKoreannuclearcrisis.Inthelong-term,bilateralcooperationwilldependonPyongyang’sactions,U.S.attitudeonthenuclearissue,NorthKorea’spositioninChina’sgrandstrategyaswellasthebalancebetweenSino-U.S.strategiccompetitionandcooperation.

简介：Background:Investigationsofrunninggaitamongbarefootandpopulationshaverevealedadiversityoffootstrikebehaviors,withsomepreferentiallyemployingarearfootstrike(RFS)asthefoottouchesdownwhileothersemployamidfootstrike(MFS)orforefootstrike(FFS).Here,wereportfootstrikebehaviorandjointanglesamongtraditionalHadzahunter-gathererslivinginNorthernTanzania.Methods:Hadzaadults(n=26)andjuveniles(n=14)ranatarangeofspeeds(adults:mean3.4±0.7m/s,juveniles:mean3.2±0.5m/s)overanoutdoortrackwaywhilebeingrecordedviahigh-speeddigitalvideo.Footstriketype(RFS.MFS.orFFS)andhindlimbsegmentanglesatfootstrikewererecorded.Results:HadzamenpreferentiallyemployedMFS(86.7%ofmen),whileHadzawomenandjuvenilespreferentiallyemployedRFS(90.9%and85.7%ofwomenandjuveniles,respectively).NoFFSwasrecorded.Speed,thepresenceoffootwear(sandalsvs.barefoot),andtrialdurationhadnoeffectonfootstriketype.Conclusion:UnlikeotherhabituallybarefootpopulationswhichpreferFFSwhilerunning.HadzamenpreferredMFS.andHadzawomenandjuvenilespreferredRFS.SexandagedifferencesinfootstrikebehavioramongHadzaadultsmayreflectdifferencesinrunningexperience,withmenlearningtopreferMFSastheyaccumulatemorerunningexperience.

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