简介：ThestudywasmadebyobservingtheannualchangeofthegonadaldevelopmentofamphioxusinXiamencohtinuouslyfortwoyearsfromNovember,1986toNovember,1988.Wedeterminedthegonadaldiameter,gonadosomaticindexofeachamphioxus,andobservedthehistologicalcharacteristicofthegonadaldevelopmentofthefemaleandmalebycutsection,whichprovidedthebasisfordividingthestagesgonadsandthedetermininglevelofthegonadaldevelopmentofamphioxusineachmonth.

简介：TheBohai,thelargestinlandseainChina,isabundantinmarineresources.However,withthepapereconomicgrowthintheCricum-BohaiBayAreaintherecentyears,theenvironmentalpollutioninthisareahasbecomemoreandmoreserious,resultinginasubstantialdeclineanddeteriorationofmarineresources.Inviewofthiscriticalsituation,themethodforsustainabledevelopmentofmarineresourcesintheBohaiSeaisdiscussed.Practicalmeasuresandfeasiblesuggestionsareputforwardinthispaperwiththepurposeofpreventingandcontrollingenvironmentalpollutionaswellasnaturaldisasters,andeventuallyachievingtheaimofthesustainabledevelopmentofmarineresourcesinthisarea.

简介：Usingmeteorologicaldataoffieldobservationin1990～2000,especiallypolarorbithighresolutionNOAAsatellitecloudmapsreceivedfromtheAntarcticexpeditionvesselsince1997,theformationanddevelopmentofthePrydzBaycyclonearestudiedinthispaper.Somenewviewpointsaresuggestedsuchas:whensurround-polarcycloneentersthePrydzBay,itcanalsointensifyanddevelopinsummer;cyclonecanalsodevelopintheeasterliesinthisbay.TheseviewpointsreviseolduncompleteviewpointthatthePrydzBayisaburialgroundofcyclone,andalsofurtherconsummateformation-developmenttheoryofsurround-cycloneintheAntarcticwesterliesandcycloneintheAntarcticeasterlies.Inthispaper,themechanismofice-air-seainteractioninthePrydzBayisstudied,andthephysicalprocessofcycloneformation-developmentisexplained.Byuseofwhollydynamictransportationmethod,anenergyexchangecaseofacyclone,whichexplosivelydevelopedafterenteringthePrydzBay,iscalculated.Intheopenwaterarea,momentumfluxis-2.205N/m2,sensibleheatfluxis486.69W/m2,andlatentheatfluxis261.84W/m2.ItislargerthanvaluesofwesterliesburstoverthePacific.Theheattransferredfromoceantoatmosphereinformofsensibleandlatentheatpromotescyclonedevelopmentrapidly.Inthiscasewindforcewasasstrongas12grade,with10minutesaveragewindspeedof38m/s,andinstantaneouswindspeedof100m/swhichbrokethewindspeedrecordof96m/sintheAntarctic(WendlerandKodama).

简介：

简介：Underwatergliders,whichglidethroughwatercolumnsbyuseofapairofwings,areefficientlong-distance,long-durationmarineenvironmentobservatoryplatforms.TheSea-Wingunderwaterglider,developedbytheShenyangInstituteofAutomation,CAS,isdesignedfortheapplicationofdeep-seaenvironmentvariablesobservation.Thesystemcomponents,themechanicaldesign,andthecontrolsystemdesignoftheSea-Wingunderwaterglideraredescribedinthispaper.Thepitchandrolladjustingmodelsarederivedbasedonthemechanicaldesign,andtheadjustingcapabilitiesforthepitchandrollareanalyzedaccordingtothemodels.Fieldexperimentshavebeencarriedoutforvalidatingtheglidingmotionandtheabilityofmeasuringoceanenvironmentvariables.Experimentalresultsofthemotionperformancesofthegliderarepresented.

简介：Takifugu的消化道在早年生活舞台期间磨擦ripes与光被学习显微镜学。在孵化的开始，消化道被一个简单、无差别的直试管代表并且不与外表交流，因为嘴和肛门还不是开的。在在孵化以后的2d，在将成为intestino直肠的阀门的肠和直肠之间的收缩是可见的。在内长的喂阶段期间，蛋黄囊被再吞，消化道变得功能、区分。肝和胰在这时候也变得明显。在外长的喂的发作(在孵化以后的3d)，蛋黄囊resesvesare不完全弄空，建议混合营养的经期。消化道充分区分进buccopharynx，食管，胃，肠和直肠。在在孵化以后的9d，蛋黄囊储备完全被弄空。从5to发生的最显著的事件在孵化以后的17d是epithelia类型，灵魂囊的区别，上皮的房间，内脏卷绕旋转，mucosal褶层增加，和肝和胰的生长的转变。从在孵化以后的18～27d，肠褶层和粘液房间的数字日益增多地增加。从那时起，消化特征的词法变化几乎被完成。在在孵化以后的27d，消化系统的形态学和函数类似于成年人的。

简介：Inmarineengineering,thestrengthofasubmarinesedimentisanindispensableparameterforassessmentofconstruction.Inthisstudy,afree-fallconepenetratornamedIPenwasdevelopedtorealizearapidandefficientmeasurementofsedimentstrength.Theequipmentischaracterizedbymodulardesignandself-containeddataacquisition.Itisequippedwithanaccelerationsensor,awaterpressuresensor,andapiezoconepenetrationtest(CPTu)probe.Itisdesignedtobereleasedfromnearseabedsurfacewithareleaserandthenfallfreelytoprovideahigherpenetrationvelocity.Itsmaximumworkingdepthisapproximately2500mandmaximumpenetrationdepthisapproximately3m.Toderivethecorrelationbetweenpenetrationresistanceandsedimentstrength,acalibratorwasdevisedtodeterminethepenetration-ratefactor.Inaddition,thefactorapplicabletoinsitutestpointswasdeterminedinlaboratoryexperiments.InJune2016,theIPenwastestedinsituintheSouthYellowSea,China,duringasharedvoyagefundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.Meanwhile,undisturbedcolumnsampleswerecollectedforlaboratorytests.Basedontheinsitutestresults,itwasdemonstratedthattheIPencouldaccuratelyrecordtheworkingstatesofvarioussensorsduringthefreelyfallingcourse.IPentestresultsreliablyreflectedthesedimentstrengthatallthetestingpointswhencomparedwithlaboratorycalibrationtests,insituvanetestsandpenetrationtests,laboratorypenetrationtests,andunconsolidatedandundrainedtriaxialcompressiontests.

简介：Oceaninformationmanagementisofgreatimportanceasithasbeenemployedinmanyareasofoceanscienceandtechnology.However,thedevelopmentsofOceanInformationSystems(OISs)oftensufferfromlowefficiencybecauseofrepetitiveworkandcontinuousmodificationscausedbydynamicrequirements.Inthispaper,thebasicrequirementsofOISsareanalyzedfirst,andthenanovelplatformDPOIisproposedtoimprovedevelopmentefficiencyandenhancesoftwarequalityofOISsbyprovidingoff-the-shelfresources.Intheplatform,theOISisdecomposedhierarchicallyintoasetofmodules,whichcanbereusedindifferentsystemdevelopments.Thesemodulesincludetheacquisitionmiddlewareanddataloaderthatcollectdatafrominstrumentsandfilesrespectively,thedatabasethatstoresdataconsistently,thecomponentsthatsupportfastapplicationgeneration,thewebservicesthatmakethedatafromdistributedsourcessyntacticalbyuseofpredefinedschemasandtheconfigurationtoolkitthatenablessoftwarecustomization.Withtheassistanceofthedevelopmentplatform,thesoftwaredevelopmentneedsnoprogrammingandthedevelopmentprocedureisthusacceleratedgreatly.Wehaveappliedthedevelopmentplatforminpracticaldevelopmentsandevaluateditsefficiencyinseveraldevelopmentpracticesanddifferentdevelopmentapproaches.TheresultsshowthatDPOIsignificantlyimprovesdevelopmentefficiencyandsoftwarequality.

简介：TheChangjiangRiverDeltaisadeltaoftremendousscalewhichisformedunderthecontroloftideandtidalcurrents.ThestudyontheroleoftideandtidalcurrentsintheprocessofformationanddevelopmentoftheChangjiangRiverDeltacanprovideatypicalexamplefortheocean-continentinteractionprocessintheeastareaofourcountry.ThetideandtidalcurrentsintheBohaiSea,YellowSeaandEastChinaSeaatthepost-glacialtransgressionmaximumaresimulated,thesedimenttransportfieldinthePaleo-ChangjiangRiverEstuary(PCRE)anditsperipheralareaatthattimeiscalculated,andtheseabederosion/accretionpatternisobtainedaccordingtothedivergenceofsedimenttransportrate.Theresultsshowthatadistinctivewavebellyofstandingtidalwaveexistedatthepost-glacialtransgressionmaximumandthewavebellylinesprotrudedseawardsfromthewavebellypointinthemouthofthePCRE.Underthewavebellycontroltidalcurrentsconvergetoordivergefromthewavebell

简介：虽然许多注意被给了描述波浪的模型，潮和沉积运输在足够的详细处理决定在床上的本地变化在深测术的一个相对详细的代表上铺平，远，更少的注意被给了在大得多的规模考虑这个问题的模型(例如象一条潮汐的扁平、潮汐的隧道那样的geomorphological元素的)。这聚集了或lumped模型趋于不表示这些过程详细，但是相当在兴趣的规模捕获行为。如此的模型用平衡集中的概念开发了的是聚集的规模在潮汐的盆和邻近的海岸(ASMITA)之间的词法相互作用。在这份报纸，我们提供一些新卓见进平衡，和是这条建模途径的关键部件的水平、垂直的交换的概念。在一份同伴报纸，我们总结被承担了扩大原来的模型概念的开发的一个范围，到说明概念的框架的灵活性和力量。然而，日益增多地增加详细在详细基于过程的模型和我们给某考虑到在二之间的边界的更多的方向感动模特儿。聚集模型规模的HighlightsThe概念被探索，ASMITA模型的基础详细被构画出在在快规模的基于过程的模型和在聚集的模型使用的水平交换使用了的分散之间的关系被探索提出合适的平衡关系的基础被解释其他的方法包括移流和分散检验。

简介：Basedonthecharacteristicsofwaves,tidalcurrents,sedimentandseabedevolutionintheCaofeidianseaareaintheBohaiBay,a2Dsedimentmathematicalmodelofwavesandtidalcurrentsisemployedtostudythedevelopmentschemesoftheharbor.Verificationofspringandneaptidalcurrentsandsedimentinthewinterandsummerof2006showsthatthecalculatedvaluesoftidalstagesaswellasflowvelocities,flowdirectionsandsedimentconcentrationof15synchronousverticallinesareingoodagreementwiththemeasureddata.Also,depositionanderosionoftheseaareainfrontofCaofeidianoreterminalinducedbysuspendedloadundertidalcurrentsandwavesareverified;itshowsthatthecalculatedvaluesofdepthofdepositionanderosionaswellastheirdistributionareclosetothemeasureddata.Furthermore,effectsofreclamationschemeofislandinfrontofthelandbehindCaofeidianharboronthehydrodynamicenvironmentarestudied,includingchangesofflowvelocitiesinthedeepchannelsatthesouthsideofCaofeidianforelandandLaolonggouandinvariousharborbasins,aswellaschangesofdepositionanderosionofseabedinducedbytheproject.

简介：Tothepotentialoil-spillriskcausedbyoffshorepipelinemoreattentionhasbeenpaidaftertheDalianoilspillincidentfromoil-pipelineexplosion.Sincethenanissueabouthowtopreventandcontrolthesuddenoil-spillfromtheoffshorepipelinehasbeenraised.Inthispaper,weproposedanoptimizedmodeltoanalyzethemaincauses(probability)ofspillandtheconsequencewiththefuzzycomprehensiveassessmentmodel.Consideringthecomplicatedassessmentprocessforoil-spill,theassessmentfactorsysteminvolvingthespillprobabilityandconsequencewasestablishedbasedontheoperativemanualandstatisticleakage/damagedataofoffshorepipelineinordertoestimatetheintegratedspillriskscoreautomatically.Theevaluatedfactorsofspillprobabilitycouldbegroupedintofiveaspects:corrosion,fatigue,nationaldamage,thirdparty,andoperationalfault;theconsequenceevaluatedfactorsofspillincludedhazardofoilandimpact-controllingcapability.Withsomemodificationsbasedonexperts’opinions,eachoftheevaluatedfactorsinourworkwasdevelopedwitharelativeweightandevaluationcriterion.AtestexampleforanoffshorepipelineintheBohaiwaterswasdescribedtoshowhowthemodelcanbeusedforanactualcaseinmoredetail.Byusingtheoil-spillriskassessmentmodel,itiseasytodeterminetherisklevelassociatedwiththeongoingactivityandmanagementlevelandhencetotaketheriskmitigationactionimmediately.

简介：Inthispaper,theanalysisoftheoccurrenceandthedevelopmentoftyphoonandtropicalcycloneismadewiththeunstabletheoryofwave.Theresultindicatesthattheprimarywaveistheunstableinertia-gravitywaveintheprocessoftheoccurrenceandthedeveJopmantoftyphoonandtropicalcyclone:Theexistenceofthedeepmoistlayerandtheheatingbymoisturecondensationcanimpelandintensifytheunstabilityofthewaveandisfavourableforthereductionofthewaveenergydispersion,therefore,itisgoodfortheformationandthedevelopmentoftyphoonandtropicalcyclone,andalsocanslowdownthewavespeed.Besides,theconditionthatthechangeofthespecificvolumeofthebasicstatewithpressureislessthanthatofadiabaticstatemayalsoleadtothewaveunstability,thusmayhavecertaineffectontheoccurrenceandthedevelopmentoftyphoonandtropicalcyclone.

简介：Thepresentstudywasconductedtoevaluatethefeasibilityofreplacingfishmeal(FM)withbioactivepeptides(BPs)indietofwhiteshrimp(Litopenaeusvannamei).Thechangesingrowthperformance,bodycomposition,non-specificimmunity,andwaterqualitywereexaminedaftertheshrimpwerefedfourdiets,inwhich0%(control),33.3%,66.7%and100%ofFMwasreplacedbyBPs,respectively.ThegroupsweredesignatedasCon,1/3BPs,2/3BPs,and3/3BPs.Atotalof720shrimpwithaninitialbodyweightof1.46±0.78gwerefedtheexperimentaldietsfor56days.Theresultsrevealedthat:1)theweightgainrate(WGR)in1/3BPs,2/3BPs,and3/3BPswassignificantlyhigherthanthatinCon(P<0.05),whilenosignificantdifferencewasfoundonsurvivalrateandfeedconversionratio(FCR);2)thewhole-bodycrudeprotein(CP)andcrudelipids(CL)weresignificantlydifferentamonggroups,whiletherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweencrudeashandphosphoruscontents;3)thelevelsofacidphosphatase(ACP),lysozyme(LZM),superoxidedismutase(SOD),phenoloxidase(PO)andbactericidalactivityincreasedsignificantlywiththeinclusionofBPs;4)intermsofwaterquality,nosignificantdifferencewasfoundinpHanddissolvedoxygenamongdietsduringthewholeexperimentalperiod.Moreover,eventhoughnitriteandammoniumlevelstendedtoincreasewithtime,therewasnosignificantdifferenceamonggroups.TheresultsindicatedthatBPsisanapplicablealternativeofproteinsource,whichcansubstituteFMinthedietsofL.vannamei;itisabletoeffectivelypromotegrowthperformanceandimproveimmunity.Moreover,BPsinthedietshadnonegativeimpactonwaterquality.

简介：TodetecttheintergenerichybridizationbetweentheoysterCrassostreaangulataandSaccostreacucullatacoexistingalongthesoutherncoastofChina,reciprocalcrosseswereconductedbetweenthetwospecies.Barriersforspermrecognizing,binding,penetratingtheegg,andformingthepronucleusweredetectedbyfluorescencestaining.Fromtheresults,althoughfertilizationsuccesswasobservedinhybridcrosses,theoverallfertilizationratewaslowerthanthatofintraspecificcrosses.Alargenumberofhybridlarvaediedat6–8dafterhatching,andthosesurvivedcouldnotcompletemetamorphosis.C.angulata♀×S.cucullata♂larvaehadagrowthratesimilartothatofthematernalspecies,whereasS.cucullata♀×C.angulata♂larvaegrewtheslowestamongallcrosses.Moleculargeneticsanalysisrevealedthathybridprogenywereamphimixishybrids.ThisstudydemonstratedthathybridembryosgeneratedbycrossingC.angulataandS.cucullatacoulddevelopnormallytothelarvalstate,butcouldnotcompletemetamorphosisandthendeveloptothespatstage.Thus,thereisapost-reproductiveisolationbetweenC.angulataandS.cucullata.

简介：Integratedmulti-trophicaquaculture(IMTA)hasbeenproposedasaconceptthatcombinesthecultivationoffedaquaculturespecies(e.g.,finfish/shrimp)withextractiveaquaculturespecies(e.g.,shellfish/seaweed).Inseaweed-basedintegratedaquaculture,seaweedshavethecapacitytoreducetheenvironmentalimpactofnitrogen-richeffluentsoncoastalecosystems.Thus,selectionofoptimalspeciesforsuchaquacultureisofgreatimportance.Thepresentstudyaimedtodevelopaseaweedspecies-selectionindexforselectingsuitablespeciesinseaweed-basedintegratedaquaculturesystem.Theindexwassynthesizedusingavailableliterature-basedinformation,referencedata,andphysiologicalseaweedexperimentstoidentifyandprioritizethedesiredspecies.Undariapinnatifida,PorphyrayezoensisandUlvacompressascoredthehighestaccordingtoaseaweed-basedintegratedaquaculturesuitabilityindex(SASI).Seaweedspecieswiththehighestscoreswereadjudgedtofittheintegratedaquaculturesystems.Despitetheapplicationofthismodellimitedbylocalaquacultureenvironment,itisconsideredtobeausefultoolforselectingseaweedspeciesinIMTA.

简介：床负担的数量是在沉积运输研究的一个重要物理参数。在床负担测量瞄准困难，这篇论文开发一个装底部的监视器由采用沉积坑方法并且解决象称和desilting的如此的关键问题测量床负担运输率，它能完成长期，平凡的河，河口和海岸的床负担运输率的全天候、即时的telemeasurement。实验室和这个监视器是合理的在的领域测试表演设计，在性质稳定、方便在里面测量，和它能被用来在实际工程监视床负担运输率。

简介：现在的纸介绍为一个缩影开发的一个三维的指导系统自治在水下车辆(AUV)。指导系统基于目标行为和车辆能力为车辆决定最好的轨道。这新奇AUV的动态模型基于它象水平姿势和独立潜水机制那样的特殊特征被导出。设计指导策略，主要想法是选择需要的深度，与AUV和目标的水平距离想成正比。由与一根直线连接二，这策略帮助AUV搬到离这根线足够地靠近的一条轨道。到线的轨道的毗邻导致相当短的旅行距离并且避免不安全的区域。自动驾驶仪用滑动模式控制器被设计。二不同约会几何学被认为评估策略表演：静止目标和动人的目标。模拟结果证明策略能处于两种目标状况提供足够地快、光滑的轨道。

简介：有害海藻的花蕾最近在在全世界的聚光灯下面，因为他们海洋的环境，水产业，渔业以及公共健康上的否定影响。为原因的种类的快速、精确的鉴定和quantification的方法的发展为花蕾，技术基于分类探针在之中是赞成的themost的警告andmonitoring是必要的。在这研究，二有害水藻，即，最小的Prorocentrum和Kareniamikimotoi被考虑。两个的部分大子单元rDNA(D1-D2)种类是第一放大PCR的，克隆并且定序。获得的序列然后被介绍为基因执行排列分析特定的区域。为每种的三根各自的候选人探针被设计并且过去常由在杂交(鱼)测试的situ执行荧光屏蔽最佳的探查。结果证明探针Pmin0443和Kmik0602为P显示了最好的杂交。最小和K。mikimotoi分别地。两特定(分类)(Pmin0443和Kmik0602)并且控制探针(UniC0512和UniR0499)在我们的实验室与另外的microalgae被用于跨反应的测试。探针Pmin0443和Kmik0602是特定的并且能作为介绍进指向rRNA的技术的分类探针被服务，例如P的鱼，三明治杂交，和DNA-microarray试金。最小和K。mikimotoi以后。最后，有两探查的鱼分析在模仿的地样品上被执行。探针能专门有目标房间井的hybridize，和没有重要差别(p>0.05)在鱼和轻显微镜学(LM)决定的样品的房间密度被观察。都建议探针是特定的并且能为监视两有害水藻被介绍进鱼。