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简介：Objective:Toexaminefactorsoftheyouthphysicalactivitypromotion(YPAP)modelthatareassociatedwithChineseinternationalstudents'meetingPArecommendations(MPAR).Methods:Atotalof649(females=320,males=329)Chineseinternationalcollegestudentsparticipatedinthestudy.ThisstudywasconductedintheUnitedStates(US.)betweenJuneandAugustin2011.Participantscompletedanonlinesurveyregardingtheirdemographic,PA,predisposing,enabling,andreinforcingfactors.Results:Logisticnested-regressionanalysissuggestedthatbeingmale,havingahigherbodymassindex,perceivedcompetence,self-efficacy,attitude,andenjoymentallincreased(p<0.001)theparticipants'oddsofMPAR.Exceptlanguagebarriers,alloftheenablingandreinforcingfactorspredictedMPARindirectlythroughthepredisposingfactors(p<0.001).Conclusion:UnderstandingfactorsthatinfluencePAamongChineseinternationalstudentsisanimportantstepintheprocessofpromotingtheirlong-termhealthandwellbeing.Designingprogramthataddresstheidentifiedkeyfactorsmayhelpcollegesanduniversitiesachievethisgoal.

简介：Background:Lately,physicalactivity(PA)inyounggirlshasbeenfrequentlydiscussed,thuswewereinterestedtoexaminewhetheramentaltraininginterventioncanincreasethelevelofPAinyounggirls.Methods:Asampleof56girlsaged15.4±0.3years(mean±SD)wasassignedtoeithertheinterventionorcontrolgroup.Wethenconducteda6-weekmentalimagerytrainingprogramonyoungfemaleparticipants.PAwasevaluatedwithobjectiveaccelerometermonitors.Physicalself-conceptwasalsoassessedinallparticipants.Results:Youngfemales'PAincreasedafteracourseofmentaltrainingcomparedtofemaleparticipantsincontrolgroup.Furthermore,physicalself-conceptimprovedrelatedtomentaltrainingprogram.Conclusion:ExerciseimagerymaybeaneffectivemethodofPAincreasebesidespsychologicalenhancementinyounggirls.

简介：Background:Physicalactivity(PA)duringpregnancyprovidesphysicalandpsychologicalbenefitsformotherandchild.U.S.guidelinesrecommend≥30minofmoderateexerciseforhealthypregnantwomenmostdaysoftheweek;however,mostwomendonotmeettheserecommendations.Theoryassistsinidentifyingsalientdeterminantsofhealthbehaviortoguidehealthpromotioninterventions;however,theapplicationoftheorytoexaminePAamongpregnantwomenhasnotbeenexaminedcohesivelyamongmultiplelevelsofinfluence(e.g.,intrapersonal,interpersonal,neighborhood/environmental,andorganizational/political).Subsequently,thissystematicreviewaimstoidentifyandevaluatetheuseofhealthbehaviortheoryinstudiesthatexaminePAduringpregnancy.Methods:ArticlespublishedbeforeJuly2014wereobtainedfromPubMedandWebofScience.Inclusioncriteriaappliedwere:(1)empiricallybased;(2)peer-reviewed;(3)measuredfactorsrelatedtoPA;(4)comprisedapregnantsample;and(5)appliedtheory.Fourteenstudieswereincluded.Eachstudy'sapplicationoftheoryandtheoreticalconstructswereevaluated.Results:VarioustheorieswereutilizedtoexplainandpredictPAduringpregnancy;yet,themajorityofthesestudiesonlyfocusedonintrapersonalleveldeterminants.Fivetheoreticalframeworkswereappliedacrossthestudies—allbutoneattheintrapersonallevel.Fewdeterminantsidentifiedwerefromtheinterpersonal,neighborhood/environmental,ororganizational/politicallevels.Conclusion:ThissystematicreviewsynthesizedtheliteratureontheoreticalconstructsrelatedtoPAduringpregnancy.Interpersonal,community,andsocietallevelsremainunderstudied.Futureresearchshouldemploytheory-drivenmulti-leveldeterminantsofPAtoreflecttheinteractingfactorsinfluencingPAduringthiscriticalperiodinthelifecourse.

简介：Purpose:Thisstudyaimstocompareadolescents’cardiometabolicriskscorethroughanintegrativeclassificationofphysicalactivity(PA),whichinvolvesthecombinationofmoderate-to-vigorousphysicalactivity(MVPA)andsedentarybehavior(SB).Methods:Across-sectionalstudyderivedfromtheHealthyLifestyleinEuropebyNutritioninAdolescenceCross-SectionalStudydatabase(2006-2008)wasconductedinadolescents(n=548;boys,47.3%;14.7±1.2years)from10Europeancities.MVPAandSBwereobjectivelymeasuredusingaccelerometry.Adolescentsweredividedinto4categoriesaccordingtoMVPA(meetingornotmeetingtheinternationalrecommendations)andthemedianofSBtime(aboveorbelowsex-andage-specificmedian)asfollows:High-SB&Inactive,Low-SB&Inactive,High-SB&Active,andLow-SB&Active.Aclusteredcardiometabolicriskscorewascomputedusingthehomeostaticmodelassessment,systolicbloodpressure,triglycerides,totalcholesterol/high-densitylipoproteincholesterol,sum4skinfolds,andcardiorespiratoryfitness(CRF).AnalysesofcovariancewereperformedtodiscerndifferencesoncardiometabolicriskscoresamongPAcategoriesandeachhealthcomponent.Results:ThecardiometabolicriskscorewaslowerinadolescentsmeetingtheMVPArecommendationandwithlesstimespentinSBincomparisontothehigh-SB&Inactivegroup(p<0.05).However,nodifferenceincardiometabolicriskscorewasestablishedbetweenHigh-SBorLow-SBgroupsininactiveadolescents.ItisimportanttonotethatCRFwastheonlyvariablethatshowedasignificantmodification(higher)whenchildrenwerecomparedfromthecategoryofphysicallyinactivewith"active"butnotfromhigh-tolow-SB.Conclusion:Beingphysicallyactiveisthemostsignificantandprotectiveoutcomeinadolescentstoreducecardiometabolicrisk.LowerSBdoesnotexhibitasignificantandextrabeneficialdifference.

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