简介:通过气雾化方法制备Al86Ni7Y4.5Co1La1.5(摩尔分数,%)合金粉末。首先,将粉末进行不同时间的球磨,然后在不同的烧结温度及保压时间等条件下对粉末分别进行热压烧结和放电等离子烧结。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD),扫描电镜(sEM)以及透射电镜(TEM)对粉末和块体材料的显微组织和形貌进行表征。结果表明:在特定球磨参数下球磨100h以上可以产生非晶,而且通过放电等离子烧结可以得到非晶/纳米晶块体材料,然而这种材料的相对密度较低。通过热压烧结可制备抗压强度为650MPa的Al86Ni7Y4.5Co1La1.5纳米块体材料。
简介:ThesecondaryhardeningreactionisaccompaniedwithprecipitationoffinecarbidesinhighCoNiultrahighstrengthsteel.Thecrystalstructureoftheprecipitatingcarbidesisunambiguouslydeterminedbymicrobeamdiffractionintransmissionelectronmicroscopy.Itisidentifiedthattheneedle-shapedcarbidesareM2Cwithahexagonalstructure.TheconcentrationofsubstitutionalalloyingelementsinthecarbidesquantifiedbyenergydispersiveX-rayspectroscopy(EDS)alsosupportstheresultabove.ThespatialstructureofM2CisidenticalwithL'3type.Metalatomsareinaclosepackedhexagonalstructure,thecarbonatomspartlydistributewithrandomintheoctahedralintersticesandthefillingprobabilityislessthan1/2.Particularattentionwaspaidtotherelationshipofneedle-shapedcarbides/ferritematrixatsecondaryhardeningpeaktemperedat482℃for5h.Observationbyhighresolutiontransmissionelectronmicroscopy(HRTEM)confirmsthatcarbideswithblack-whitecontrastarefullycoherentwithferriteandhaveindividualcrystalstructure,andthecoarsenedcarbideswithmoirefringearepartiallycoherentwithmatrix.TheorientationrelationshipbetweenM2CandferritematrixisdirectlyobservedandidentifiedwiththewellestablishedP-Srelationship[001]α//[111]c.
简介:第三的Ni-5%Cu-5%Sn和Ni-10%Cu-10%Sn合金的液体状态undercoolability和水晶生长动力学被玻璃fluxing方法调查。在这二合金,304K的试验性的最大的undercoolings(0.18TL)和286K(0.17TL)被完成,树枝状的生长速度分别地达到39.8和25.1m/s。从进equiaxed结构的粗糙的树突的形态学的转变发生并且谷物尺寸(Ni)当undercooling增加时,显著地分阶段执行减少。格子常数和microhardness与undercooling的改进显然增加。Cu和Sn溶质内容的丰富减少树枝状的生长速度,当时提高格子常数和microhardness(Ni)阶段。
简介:摘要:本文采用原子吸收光谱法和ICAP6300电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪原子光谱法测定了铜合金中Pb、Zn、Sn元素,研究了主量元素对分析元素的干扰,选择适当的分析线及工作条件,ICAP6300电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪原子光谱法主要优点是能够准确、快速、简便,能满足国内外常见牌号铜合金中多种元素的分析。全国材料检测与质量控制学术会议 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪同时测定铜合金中 主量、常量、微量元素的方法探讨。通过对仪器分析谱线的研究及测试条件的优化,建立了铜合金中主量、常量、微量元素同时测定的ICAP6300电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪分析方法,应用于铜合金中所有元素的测定。方法具有抗干扰能力强、线性范围宽、精密度高、结果准确等特点。
简介:采用高真空高温(<5.5×10^-3Pa、1400℃)液相烧结工艺,制备得到添加不同含量Ni元素的WC-Co-TiC-TiN-Mo系硬质合金,并且对其微观结构和力学性能进行对比研究.采用分析天平、维氏显微硬度计、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)等,分别分析了试样密度、显微硬度、成分以及微观结构的变化.结果表明:有Ni和无Ni两种情况下得到的试样微观结构和性能差别较大,并且硬质合金试样微观结构和力学性能随着Ni元素添加含量的变化而有所不同.当原料中不含Ni时,此种烧结工艺得到的硬质合金性能较低,表现在试样经测试得到的硬度、密度、致密性等参数均相对较低;当在WC、Co、TiC中添加Ni元素时,发现制备得到的硬质合金中,WC晶粒分布较为匀质且晶粒相对较细,试样的硬度、密度和致密性等性能也得到显著改善.进一步分析表明:当在合金粉体中添加0.75wt.%Ni时,得到的合金试样性能较佳,WC晶粒尺寸较细,试样表面维氏显微硬度为1850HV10kgf,试样内部维氏显微硬度2210HV10kgf,相对于无添加Ni元素时合金硬度分别增加约19%和27%;同样,试样相对密度增加21%,达到99.3%,得到的合金试样更为致密、硬度更高,切削性能和刀具寿命表现更为优越.
简介:Cr2O3-formingferriticstainlesssteelshavebeenwidelyexploredasintermediatetemperaturesolidoxidefuelcells(SOFCs)interconnects.However,theevaporationofchromiascalemightmigratetoandpoisonthecathode,leadingtodegradationofthecellperformance.Inthisstudy,Ni-Co-Fe-Pcoatingsweredepositedontheferriticstainlesssteelbymeansofacost-effectivetechniqueofelectrolessmethod.Theyareexpectedtobeconvertedinto(Ni,Co,Fe)3O4spinelwithahighelectricalconductivityandCTEmatchwithstainlesssteel,whichcanblocktheevaporationofchromiaformedonsteelsubstrateexposedtothecathodeenvironmentoftheSOFC.TheeffectsofpH,massratioofFeSO4/(FeSO4+NiSO4+CoSO4)andtemperatureofsolutiononthedepositionrate,compositions,surfacemorphologiesandstructuresoftheNi-Co-Fe-Pcoatingswereinvestigated.TheresultsindicatedthatthedepositionrateincreasedwithincreasingpHwhenpHwaslowerthan9andthenreducedwhenpHwashigherthan9.Thedepositionrateincreasedwithincreasingtemperaturewhentemperaturewaslowerthan80℃andthendecreasedwhentemperaturewashigherthan80℃.ThedepositionratedecreasedwiththeincreaseinmassratioofFeSO4/(NiSO4+CoSO4+FeSO4).ThecoatingsconsistedofNi,Co,FeandP.Thephasestructureofthecoatingwasamorphous.
简介:Co,Ni,CrandVin25typicalsoilsofChinawerefractionatedintoexchangeable,carbonatebound(calcareoussoils),Mnoxidebound,organicallybound,amorphousFeoxidebound,crystallineFeoxideboundandresidualformsusingaseven-stepsequentialextractionprocedure,soastostudythedistributionofchemicalformsofthesemetalsaswellastheeffectsofsoilproipertiesonthedistribution.TheresultsshowedthatmostofsoilCo,Ni,CrandVwerepresentinresidualforms,andthedistributionratioaveraged48.2%forCo,53.0%forNi,81.5%forCrand68.7%forV.Thespeciationofheavymetalswasgreatlyinfluencedbysoilphysico-chemicalpropertiesandthechemistryofelements.Theresultsalsoindicatedthattherecoveryofmetalelementsbythesequentialextractionprocedurewassatisfactory,withtherelativedifferencebetweenthesumofsevenformsandthetotalcontentinsoilsaveraging9.5%forCo,12.8%forNi,6.6%forCrand7.2%forV.
简介:TheTm-Ni-Coalloyfilmshavebeenpreparedbythesweeppotentialdepositiontechnique.ThesurfaceappearanceofTm-Ni-Coalloyfilmswassilver,smoothandadhesive.ThesurfacesofTm-Ni-Coalloyfilmsobservedbyscanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)wereuniform,adhesiveandcompact.Thesizesofmetallicgrainswereabout80-100nm,100-200amorphousasprovenbytheX-raydiffraction(XRD).
简介:磁性的元素Fe,公司和Ni的线性热扩大(CLE)的系数用与MATLAB计算相结合的理论模型从试验性的信息被估计。模型参数能精确地被决定,并且估计的数据在对试验性的结果的好同意。便于评价,热扩大的理论被使用把CLE分开成它的无磁性、磁性的部件。对CLE的无磁性的贡献的计算基于MnBi/NdFeB混血儿的修改Grc性质结合的磁铁都逐渐地减少,当混合磁铁的密度几乎线性地改善时。在293-398的一个温度范围?K,混合磁铁的coercivity温度系数从0.59逐渐地改善?%比较。建模和频率与二低角落频率认为压力消除阀门是一个秒顺序系统是合理的试验性的结果表演。PID控制,死了的乐队赔偿控制和鷸?鷸??