简介：Predictingpotentialchangesingroundwatersalinityinlow-lyingcoastalregionsduetoclimatechangeisimportant,wherecoastalvegetationisabundant,successioncompetitionbetweenhalophytesandglycophytesplaysasignificantroleinthesalinitybudget.Sealevelriseenhancessalinityintrusion,contributinganadditionaldimensiontovegetationcompetition.Anewsimulationmodelknownasmangrove-hardwoodhammockmodelcoupledwithsaturated-unsaturatedtransport(MANTRA)hasrecentlybeendevelopedbytheauthorstosimulategroundwatersalinityregimesinthepresenceofvegetationcompetition,subjecttoclimatechange.MANTRAisbaseduponlinkingtwoexistingUnitesStatesgeologicalsurvey(USGS)simulationmodelsknownasmangrove-hardwoodhammockmodel(MANHAM)andsaturated-unsaturatedtransport(SUTRA).MANHAMsimulatestheevolutionofvegetationsuccessionsubjecttochanginggroundwatersalinity.SUTRAsimulatessaturatedandunsaturatedtransportofsolutesandsalinityingroundwatergivenseasalinity.MANTRAimprovesthesimulationrobustnesstosimultaneouslysimulategroundwaterhydrology,salinityandcoastalvegetationsuccessionsubjecttosealevelrise.Somesimulationresultswillbepresentedtodemonstratetheimpactofsealevelriseoncoastalvegetationsuccessionandgroundwatersalinity.

简介：Background:WithfarmlandafforestationbecomingcommonpolicyinmanyEuropeanUnioncountries,westudiedhowearlyforestsuccession(frommeadowtoyoungstand)influencessmallmammalspeciescomposition,diversity,abundanceandbiomass.Despitenumerousinvestigationsintoforestsuccession,almostnoattentionhasbeengiventothesmallmammalcommunitychangeintheearly-successionalforestecosystems,startingwiththepre-foresthabitatandendingwithstandformationandtheestablishmentoftreedominance.Wecomparedsmallmammalcommunitiesinmeadowsattheinitialstageofregrowth(withsaplingslessthan10cminheight),inyoungforest(5–10yearsold)andmoreadvancedforest(15–20years)inbothcasesofhuman-inducedforestsuccession,wherethetreeshadbeenplanted,andnaturalforestsuccession,wherenaturalregrowthofmeadowshadoccurred.Results:Thegreatestdiversityofsmallmammalspecieswasrecordedinthemeadow(H=2.95),withalowerdiversityfoundintheyoungforest(H=2.61)andevenlowerintheadvancedforest(H=2.04),thelasthabitatbeingthemostmonodominantic.TheorderofspeciesdominancefromMicrotussp.(M.arvalis,M.agrestis),Myodesglareolus,Apodemusflavicollis,Sorexaraneus,A.agrariusinthemeadowchangedtoM.glareolus,S.araneus,M.arvalis,M.agrestisintheyoungforestandtoM.glareolus,A.flavicollis,S.araneusintheadvancedforest.Thelowestrelativeabundanceofsmallmammalswasrecordedinthemeadow(18.19±2.27ind.Per100trap-days),withMicrotusvolesbeingthemostabundant.Relativeabundancewashigherintheyoungforest(22.72±2.25ind.Per100trap-days),withMyodesglareolusbeingthemostabundant(7.59±0.96ind.Per100trap-days)andatitshighestintheadvancedforest(23.91±2.77ind.Per100trap-days),againwithM.glareolusbeingthemostabundant(15.54±2.35ind.Per100trap-days).Conclusions:Thus,ouranalysissuggeststhatthatduringearlymeadow-forestsuccession,thediversityofthe

简介：为昆虫动物志的继任模式，跨越四个季节，在兔子上，尸体从2006～2008在广州中国被学习。49税的一个总数属于三份订单和15个家庭镇定、识别。四个分解阶段被认出：新鲜，膨胀，腐烂并且弄干舞台。Taxa差异是更高的在膨胀并且腐烂比新鲜、干燥的阶段上演。内部、周围的温度被测量。最大的内部温度在更温暖的季节更早到达了。在这研究的昆虫继任的顺序跟随一样的一般模式：双翅目开始达到顶点，并且翘目以后达到顶点。Chrysomyamegacephala是在四个季节的主导的种类。它腐朽上的不同发展阶段的时间点能是为PMI(死后的间隔)的最重要的指示物在广州的评价。在昆虫的活动的每年、季节的差别被比较。Alpha差异索引是计算的。在在季节和年之间的Shannon牛肉熏香肠索引，平均(J)和优势(C)没有重要差别。从Jaccard类似索引，最高的类似在冬季和春天之间，当时最低在夏天和冬季之间。专门在一个季节发生的某种类可能是重要的描绘不同季节。昆虫税的一张表一与联系了未葬兔子腐朽在四个季节期间被编，自从死亡，它能在类似的简历气候区域被用于估计时间。

简介：Bythemethodofcomparisonandanalysis,thesuccessionpatternoftotalP,availablephosphorus,organicPtypesandinorganicPtypesinrhizosphereandnon-rhizospheresoilatdifferentdevelopmentstagesinLarch(Larixolgensis)plantationswasrevealed.Theresultshowed:whenstandageincreased,thecontentofavailablephosphorus,O-P,totalPandorganicPinrhizospheresoildecreasedgreatlyorsignificantly,thecontentofinorganicP,Ca-PandFe-Pinrhizospheresoilinrhizospheresoilincreasedgreatlyorsignificantly.ThecontentofCa-Pinnon-rhizospheresoilincreasedwithstandgrowing.ThecontentofFe-Pinhalf-maturestand,availablePandFe-Pinnearmaturestand,availablePandCa-Pinmaturestandinnonrhizospheresoilwasmorethanthatinrhizospheresoil.

简介：ThesurvivalanddevelopmentofSMEs(smallandmediumenterprises)isanimportantissuefortheChineseeconomy.Inparticular,businesssuccessioninSMEsisapersistentissue.Businesssuccessioninvolvesselectionofasuccessor,assetinheritance,transferofmanagementrights,accumulationofbusinessconnectionsandtechnologysuccession,andsoforth.Thisallrequiressmoothexecutionofabusinesssuccessionplan.However,manySMEsdonothaveabusinesssuccessionplan,noraretheypreparingone.Ourtaskistoexplorethereasonsthesepreparationsarenotbeingmade.Here,thepurposeofourresearchistogetapictureofthestatusofpreparationsforbusinesssuccessioninSMEsinChina,andtheactualcircumstancesofsuccession,basedontheresultsofafact-findingsurveyofChineseSMEs,andatthesametimebringtothesurfacetheprimaryfactorswhichinfluencepreparationsandplans.Theresultsoftheanalysisshedlightonthestatusofbusinesssuccessionpreparations,successor’sawarenessofissues,decisionmaking,andsoon.Thissurveyhighlightstheawarenessofbusinesssuccessionamongbusinessmanagers.

简介：Successionrulesofsoilacidityqualityoflarchplantationsinfirstrotationatdifferentdevelopmentstages,successionrulesofsoilacidityqualityofyoungstandoflarchplantationsinsecondrotationandtherelationshipbetweensoilacidityandvariousformsoforganicphosphorusandinorganicphosphoruswerestudiedinmountainousareaofeasternpartofNortheasternChina.Theresultsshowedthatactiveacidity(pHvalue)inrhizospheresoildecreasedcontinuallywithstandageincreasingfromyoungstand,half-maturestand,nearmaturestandtomaturestand,butactiveacidity(pHvalue)innon-rhizospheresoil,exchangeacidity,exchangeablealuminium,totalhydrolyticacidity,andtheratioofexchangeacidityandtotalhydrolyticacidityinrhizospheresoilandinnon-rhizospheresoilincreasedapparently;totalorganicP,moderatelyresistantorganicP,andhighlyresistantorganicPinsoildecreasedatallagestagesinlarchplantationswhensoilacidityadded.Forrhizospheresoilofallstandsoflarchplantationsatdifferentdevelopmentstages,therewaspositivecorrelationbetweenCa-P(exceptinyoungstand),Al-P(exceptinhalf-maturestand),Fe-P(exceptinnearmaturestandandmaturestand),O-P(exceptinyoungstand),andsoilactiveacidity,respectively;Forrhizospheresoil,therewasnegativecorrelationbetweenCa-P(exceptinhalf-maturestand),Al-P(exceptinyoungstand),O-P,andexchangeacidity,exchangeablealuminium,therewasalsonegativecorrelationbetweenCa-P,Al-P(exceptinyoungstandandhalf-maturestand),Fe-P,O-P,andtotalhydrolyticacidityrespectively.Forrhizospheresoil,thecorrelationcoefficientbetweenCa-P,O-Pandtotalhydrolyticaciditydecreased,respectively,asstandagesupandthatbetweenFe-Pandexchangeacidity,exchangeablealuminiumincreased,respectively,asstandagesgrew.Fornon-rhizospheresoil,therewasnotsignificantcorrelationbetweensoilacidityandvariousformsofinorganicphosphorusandorganicphosphorus,respective

简介：TheNineplateaulakesarethoselakeswhoseareasarelargerthan30km2inYunnanprovince.TheselakesareDianchiLake,ErhaiLake,FuxianLake,ChenghaiLake,LuguLake,QiluLake,XingyunLake,YangzonghaiLake,andYilongLake.Thenineplateaulakesareimportantforeconomicdevelopmentandforecologicalsecurity.However,alllakesarefacingdifferentenvironmentalissuessuchaseutrophicationandwaterqualitydegradation.Differentstrategiesshouldbeproposedaccordingtothevariousconditionsofthelakes.Threetypesofprevention,controlandtreatmentstrategieswereproposedbasedonthesuccessionprocess,theecologystages,theeconomicandsocialdevelopment,theeutrophicationstages,thewaterqualities,andthedominantecologicalfunctions.

简介：植物，昆虫和25个森林社区的森林结构在Mao'ershan试验性的福雷斯特农场和Liangshui被调查试验性的福雷斯特农场在1994鈥?期间995。纸把连续统索引(Ci)用作一个参数，到份量上描述森林社区继任舞台。在生物多样性和森林社区的连续统索引之间的关系被学习。在森林植物社区的年度种类和家庭差异与连续统索引显示出非线性的关联，并且最大的差异在继任的中间的阶段期间。全部的昆虫社区和食草的昆虫组的差异是否定地相关的withCi，spide组和寄生昆虫组的断然被联系。模式差异和范围重量差异索引叶子高度与连续统索引增加了。

简介：Toshowthevegetationsuccessioninteractionwithsoilproperties,microbialbiomass,basalrespiration,andenzymeactivitiesindifferentsoillayers(0-60cm)weredeterminedinsixlands,i.e.,2-,7-,11-,20-,and43-year-oldabandonedlandsandonenativegrassland,inasemiaridhillyareaoftheLoessPlateau.Theresultsindicatedthatthesuccessionaltimeandsoildepthsaffectedsoilmicrobiologicalparameterssignificantly.In20-cmsoillayer,microbialbiomasscarbon(MBC),microbialbiomassnitrogen(MBN),MBC/MBN,MBCtosoilorganiccarbonratio(MBC/SOC),andsoilbasalrespirationtendedtoincreasewithsuccessionalstagesbutdecreasewithsoildepths.Incontrast,metabolicquotient(qCO2)tendedtodecreasewithsuccessionalstagesbutincreasewithsoildepths.Inaddition,theactivitiesofurease,catalase,neutralphosphatase,β-fructofuranosidase,andcarboxymethylcellulose(CMC)enzymeincreasedwithsuccessionalstagesandsoildepths.TheyweresignificantlypositivelycorrelatedwithmicrobialbiomassandSOC(P<0.5),whereasnoobvioustrendwasobservedforthepolyphenoloxidaseactivity.Theresultsindicatedthatnaturalvegetationsuccessioncouldimprovesoilqualityandpromoteecosystemrestoration,butitneededalongtimeunderlocalclimateconditions.

简介：Thechangesofmicrobialbiomasscarbon(MBC)andnitrogen(MBN)andmicrobialcommunityinthetopsoiloftheabandonedagriculturallandonthesemi-aridLoessPlateauinChinaduringthenaturalsuccessionwereevaluatedtounderstandtherelationshipbetweenmicrobialcommunityandsoilproperties.MBCandMBNweremeasuredusingfumigationextraction,andmicrobialcommunitywasanalyzedbythemethodoffattyacidmethylester(FAME).ThecontentsoforganicC,totalN,MBC,MBN,totalFAME,fungalFAME,bacterialFAMEandGram-negativebacterialFAMEatthenaturalsuccessionsiteswerehigherthanthoseoftheagriculturalland,butlowerthanthoseofthenaturalvegetationsites.TheMBC,MBNandtotalFAMEwerecloselycorrelatedwithorganicCandtotalN.Furthermore,organicCandtotalNwerefoundtobepositivelycorrelatedwithfungalFAME,bacterialFAME,fungal/bacterialandGram-negativebacterialFAME.Naturalsuccessionwouldbeusefulforimprovingsoilmicrobialpropertiesandmightbeanimportantalternativeforsustainingsoilqualityonthesemi-aridLoessPlateauinChina.

简介：<正>Salinityisanimportantfactorcontrollingthemicrobialdistributioninlakes.Howeverlittleisknownabouthowmicrobialcommunitiesevolveinresponsetosalinityvariation.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedthemicrobial

简介：题目：膜生物反应器处理港口含油废水的膜污染行为及群落结构演变研究目的：采用膜生物反应器处理港口含油废水。考察运行过程中膜污染行为特征，分析引起膜污染的关键影响因素，研究减弱膜污染的途径与方法；考察反应器内群落结构演变，分离鉴定优势菌种，揭示运行条件和进水水质等宏观环境与微生物微环境之间的对应关系。创新点：1．分析出膜表面累积的胞外蛋白是膜污染严重和过膜压力增大的关键诱因；2．基于YusufChisti和MurrayMooYoung提出的气提液体上升流速模型，结合胞外蛋白变化趋势，提出降低过膜压力上升速度和缓解膜污染进程的有效措施：3．针对处理港口含油废水的生物系统进行种群结构研究及优势菌属的分离与鉴定。方法：1．借助环境扫描电子显微镜（sEM）、能量色散x射线光谱仪（EDX）和傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）等分析手段表征膜污染物的主要成分；2，基于YusufChisti和MurrayMooYoung提出的气提液体上升流速模型，提出缓解膜污染进程的措施，并验证所提措施的有效性（图3和9）；3．通过巢式PCR-DGGE技术对处理港口含油废水的膜生物反应器不同运行阶段的微生物群落结构进行研究，并采用克隆技术对优势微生物进行菌种鉴定（图10和表3）。结论：1．采用一体化厌氧／好氧．膜生物反应器来处理港口含油废水的优点是对有机污染物和油类等污染物的去除效率高，但在其运行过程中膜污染严重。2．分析发现胞外聚合物是引起膜污染物的主要因素（图3-6）；组分分析进一步表明膜表面累积的胞外蛋白是膜污染严重和过膜压力增大的关键诱因（图7～9）。3．通过增大反应器曝气量，调整反应器结构参数可有效降低过膜压力上升速度，缓解膜污染进程。4．反应器内细菌群落结构平稳。5．克隆测序结果表明：膜�

简介：Carbonofhumusacids(HSAC)anddissolvedorganiccarbon(DOC)arethemostactiveformsofsoilorganiccarbon(SOC)andplayanimportantroleinglobalcarbonrecycling.WeinvestigatedtheconcentrationsofHSAC,water-solubleorganiccarbon(WSOC),hotwater-extractableorganiccarbon(HWOC)andSOCinsoilsunderdifferentvegetationtypesoffourcopperminetailingssiteswithdifferingvegetationsuccessiontimeperiodsinTongling,China.TheconcentrationsofHSAC,WSOC,HWOCandSOCincreasedwithvegetationsuccession.WSOCconcentrationincreasedwiththeaccumulationofSOCinthetailings,andalinearlypositivecorrelationexistedbetweentheconcentrationsofHSACandSOCinthetailings.However,thepercentagesofHSACandDOCintheSOCdecreasedduringvegetationsuccession.TherateofSOCaccumulationwashigherwhenthesuccessiontimewaslongerthan20years,whereasthespeedsofsoilorganicmatter(SOM)decompositionandhumificationwereslow,andtheconcentrationsofHSACandDOCincreasedslowlyinthetailings.Thepercentageofcarbonofhumicacid(HAC)inHSACincreasedwithvegetationsuccession,andthevaluesofhumificationindex(HI),HAC/carbonoffulvicacid,alsoincreasedwiththeaccumulationofHSACandSOCinsoilsofthetailingssites.However,theHIvalueintheeachofthetailingswaslessthan0.50.ThehumificationrateofSOMwaslowerthantheaccumulationrateofSOM,andthelevelofsoilfertilitywasstillverylowinthetailingsevenafter40yearsofnaturalrestoration.

简介：Thevolcano-sedimentarysuccessionaroundWadiZaghrainSinai,atthenorthernmostsegmentoftheArabianNubianShield,comprisesvolcanicrocksinterbeddedwithratherimmaturesediments.Thesuccessionisdominatedbyintermediatetosilicicvolcanicsofmedium-tohigh-Kcalc-alkalineaffinity.Itisdividedintotwounits,thelowerunitincludesintermediaterocksanddacitesinterbeddedwithgraywackes,semi-pelitesandpelitesandtoppedbypolymictconglomerates.Thisunitissubjectedtofoldingandregionalmetamorphism(uptogarnetzone)andisintrudedbyquartzdiorite-granodioriteinducing,locally,low-pressurecontactthermalmetamorphism.Theunmetamorphosedupperunitencompassesacidvolcanicsintercalatedwithlitharenite,sublithareniteandminorarenite.Therhyolitesofthisunitpertaintothehighlyfractionatedgranitesandarecharacterizedbyanagpaiticindex(NK/A)rangingfrom0.87to0.96.Theymayreflecteitherextensiveinteractionofsubduction-relatedmagmaswiththecontinentalcrustorachangeinthetectonicregime.Thepresentlithologicalandgeochemicalcharacteristicsofthestudiedsedimentstogetherwithavailablezirconagesindicateratherdistalprovenanceoftheirdetritus.Thisdetrituscomprisesfluvial-alluvialsedimentsaccumulatedintheintermontanebasins,whicharehalf-grabensortiltedfaultblocks.Thetectonicsettingofthedepositionalbasinsisactivecontinentalmarginandcontinentalislandarcs.GeochemicalpatternsoftheZaghravolcano-sedimentarysuccessionindicatetheircorrelationwiththeDokhanVolcanics-HammamatClasticssequenceoftheEasternDesertofEgypt.Also,theZaghravolcanicsdisplaygeochemicalsimilaritieswiththoseexposedinSinai,attheRutig,FeraniandIqnaShar’aareas.TheZaghrasuccessionisdatedasEdiacaranbutisnotrelatedeithertotheensimaticislandarcassemblageortotherift-relatedassemblageformedduringtheearlystagesofthebreak-upofRodiniaaspreviouslythought.