简介：

简介：

简介：Amega-eventwhichattractsattentionfromallovertheworldmighthavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectonthehostingcity(Symeetal.1989).Theaimofthispaperistoevaluatethecostsandbenefitsofbiddingforthehostingofmegaevents.Itidentifiedlegaciesofbiddingforthehostingofmegaeventsfromfollowingfouraspects,whichareeconomics,publiclife,infrastructure,andimageofthehostingcity,withthemethodsofliteraturereview,logicanalysis,examples,andcontrastanalysis.Theresultofthisstudyunveiledthatwhenacitybidsforhostingamega-eventforthepurposeofstimulatingitslocaleconomic,improvingcivicpride,developingbasicpublicinfrastructures,andenhanceitscityimagetotheworldwide,italsoneedstopayattentiontopotentialdrawbacksofhostingtheevent,suchasdebtcrisis,interferingthedailylifeofthepublic.

简介：

简介：Concussion,ormildtraumaticbraininjury,incidencerateshavereachedepidemiclevelsandimpairedposturalcontrolisacardinalsymptom.Thepurposeofthisreviewistoprovideanoverviewofthelinearandnon-linearassessmentsofpost-concussionposturalcontrol.Thecurrentacuteevaluationforconcussionutilizesthesubjectivebalanceerrorscoringsystem(BESS)toassessposturalcontrol.Whilethesensitivityoftheoveralltestbatteryishigh,thesensitivityoftheBESSisunacceptablylowand,withrepeatadministration,isunabletoaccuratelyidentifyrecovery.Sophisticatedmeasuresofposturalcontrol,utilizingtraditionallinearassessments,haveidentifiedimpairmentsinposturalcontrolwellbeyondBESSrecovery.Bothassessmentsofquietstanceandgaithaveidentifiedlingeringimpairmentsforatleast1monthpost-concussion.Recently,theapplicationofnon-linearmetricstoconcussionrecoveryhavebeguntoreceivelimitedattentionwiththemostcommonlyutilizedmetricbeingapproximateentropy(ApEn).ApEn,mostcommonlyinthemedial-lateralplane,hassuccessfullyidentifiedimpairedposturalcontrolintheacutepost-concussiontimeframeevenwhenlinearassessmentsofinstrumentedmeasuresareequivalenttohealthypre-injuryvalues;unfortunatelythesestudieshavenotgonebeyondtheacutephaseofrecovery.Onestudyhasidentifiedlingeringdeficitsinposturalcontrol,utilizingShannonandRenyientropymetrics,whichpersistatleastthroughclinicalrecoveryandreturntoparticipation.Finally,limitedevidencefromtwostudiessuggestthatindividualswithaprevioushistoryofasingleconcussion,evenmonthsoryearsprior,maydisplayalteredApEnmetrics.Overall,non-linearmetricsprovideafertileareaforfuturestudytofurthertheunderstandingofposturalcontrolimpairmentsacutelypost-concussionandaddressthecurrentchallengeofsensitiveidentificationofrecovery.

简介：

简介：Veryrecently,theBelleandBESIIIexperimentsobservedanewcharmonium-likestateX(3823),whichisagoodcandidatefortheD-wavecharmonium(13D2).BecausetheX(3823)isjustneartheDˉDthreshold,thedecayX(3823)!J=+??canbeagoldenchanneltotestthesignificanceofcoupled-channeleffects.Inthiswork[1],thisdecayisconsideredincludingboththehidden-charmdipionandtheusualquantumchromodynamicsmultipoleexpansion(QCDME)contributions.

简介：

简介：Purpose:Acuteexercisehasbeenlinkedtothefacilitationofexecutivefunction,butlittleisknownregardingexecutivefunctionassessedbytheWisconsinCardSortingTest(WCST).ThepresentresearchconsistedoftwoexperimentsaimedtodeterminewhetheracuteaerobicexerciseinfluencessuccessiveWCSTperformance.Methods:InStudy1,27youngadultswererandomlyassignedtotheexerciseorreadingcontrolgroupandtheninstructedtoperformtheWCSTbeforeandafterassignedtreatment.Inexercisegroup,participantscompletedasingleboutaerobicexercisewithmoderateintensityfor20minonastationarybike.AsimilarexperimentalprotocolwasreplicatedinStudy2with24latemiddle-agedadultstolookforagedifferencesduringadulthoodandcontrolforapotentialceilingeffectatyoungadultage.Results:Althoughasignificanttimeeffectwasobservedinyoungadults,bothstudiesrevealedthattherewasnomaineffectfortreatmentoraninteractionbetweentreatmentandtimeonanyoftheWCSTindices.Conclusion:AcuteaerobicexercisefailedtoinfluenceexecutivefunctionasassessedbytheWCST,revealingthatthisclassicalneuropsychologicaltesttappingexecutivefunctionmaynotbesensitivetoacuteexercise.Ourfindingssuggestthatacuteexercisedoesnotbroadlyaffecttheentirefamilyofexecutivefunctions,oritseffectonaspecificaspectofexecutivefunctionmaybetask-dependent,asproposedbyEtnierandChang(2009).

简介：

简介：Background:Marginalchangesintheexecutionofcompetitivesportsmovementscanrepresentasignificantchangeforperformancesuccess.However,suchdifferencesmayemergeonlyatcertainexecutionintensitiesandarenoteasilydetectablethroughconventionalbiomechanicaltechniques.Thisstudyaimedtoinvestigateifandhowcompetitionstandardandprogressionspeedaffectracewalkingkinematicsfrombothaconventionalandacoordinationvariabilityperspective.Methods:Fifteenexperiencedathletesdividedintothreegroups(elite,international,andnational)werestudiedwhileracewalkingonatreadmillattwodifferentspeeds(12.0and15.5km/h).Basicgaitparameters,theangulardisplacementofthepelvisandlowerlimbs,andthevariabilityincontinuousrelativephasebetweensixdifferentjointcouplingswereanalyzed.Results:Mostofthespatio-temporal,kinematic,andcoordinationvariabilitymeasuresprovedsensitivetothechangeinspeed.Conversely,non-lineardynamicsmeasureshighlighteddifferencesbetweenathletesofdifferentcompetitionstandardwhenconventionalanalyticaltoolswerenotabletodiscriminatebetweendifferentskilllevels.Continuousrelativephasevariabilitywashigherfornationallevelathletesthaninternationalandeliteintwocouplings(pelvisobliquity—hipflex/extensionandpelvisrotation—ankledorsi/plantarflexion)andgaitphases(earlystanceforthefirstcoupling,propulsivephaseforthesecond)thataredeemedfundamentalforcorrecttechniqueandperformance.Conclusion:Measuresofcoordinationvariabilityshowedtobeamoresensitivetoolforthefinedetectionofskill-dependentfactorsincompetitiveracewalking,andshowedgoodpotentialforbeingintegratedintheassessmentandmonitoringofsportsmotorabilities.

简介：巨噬细胞有效地通过杀死肿瘤房间的一主要机制要求房间到房间接触，显示在激活的巨噬细胞的房间表面上表示的某些分子可以调停tumoricidal能力。肿瘤坏死因素(TNF)和氮的氧化物(没有)是肿瘤房间death.However的二个古典调停人，差异的证据正在积累显示这些已知的调停人不看起来说明女人和巨噬细胞的有势力tumoricidal活动。获得tumoricidalactivationassociated膜蛋白质的一个完整的全部剧目，我们把一个维的SDS页与毛状的液体chromatographytandem团spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)相结合。用这种技术，我们鉴别454激活的巨噬细胞明确地与极其高的信心表示了蛋白质，包括巨噬细胞的大多数已知的激活标记，例如没有synthase(iNOS)，Ym1，cyclooxygenase，等等。膜界限TNF-也在激活的巨噬细胞上被识别。然而，它也在thioglycolate上被检测得到的巨噬细胞，显示这个分子不能在变化形式依赖者肿瘤房间杀死起一个关键作用。相反，尽管不没作为变化形式依赖者tumoricidal小径的一个受动器分子被分配，iNOS从激活的巨噬细胞的膜部分被识别，不建议可以涉及变化形式依赖者tumoricidal机制，因为有血浆膜的iNOS协会理想地被适合直接不交付进联系肿瘤房间。这研究提供不仅新卓见进巨噬细胞变化形式依赖者tumoricidal机制，而且巨噬细胞激活的一个珍贵数据集合联系的膜蛋白质，因此在反肿瘤和另外的生物进程提供巨噬细胞的功能的机制的更好的理解。

简介：Nuggetsplashduringaluminumalloysspotweldinghasadetrimentaleffectonweldnuggetintegrity,strengthanddurabilityoftheweldedjoints.Thisinvestigationisperformedtoidentifynuggetsplashfromvoltagesignalsbecausetheseareeasilyaccessibleon-line.Inthepresentwork,weproposeanovelmethodbasedonthewaveletpackettransformanditsenergyspectrumforpatternrecognitionofsplashsignal.Theresultdemonstratesthatthisnovelmethodismoreaccuracyandausefulwayofmonitoringthespotweldingquality.

简介：PurdueUniversityresearchershavefoundamethodofidentifyingbiologicalmarkersinsmallamountsofbloodthattheybelievecouldbeusedtodetectamyriadofdiseases,infectionsanddifferentmedicalconditionsatearlystages.Apiezoelectricallyactuatedpipettesystemisusedasaninexpensivemeanstodetectbiologicalmoleculesassociatedwithspecificdiseases,infectionorother

简介：AbstractBackground:When utilizing the retrosigmoid approach (RA), accurately identifying the transverse and sigmoid sinus transition (TSST) is a key procedure for neurosurgeons, especially in developing countries restricted by the lack of expensive devices, such as the neural navigation system and the three-dimensional volumetric image-rendered system. Before operations, a computed tomography scan is a common and cost-effective method of checking patients who suffer lesions located at the cerebellopontine angle. Therefore, we present a technique using only high-resolution computed tomography to identify the transverse and sigmoid sinus transition.Methods:This retrospective study included 35 patients who underwent retrosigmoid approach operations to resect an acoustic neurinoma with the assistance of our technique. In brief, our technique contains 4 steps: (1) All patients’ 1-mm, consecutive, high-resolution computed tomographic images that clearly displayed landmarks, such as the inion, lambdoid suture, occipitomastoid suture, and the mastoid emissary foramen, were investigated initially. (2) We selected two particular slices (A and B) among all of these high-resolution computed tomographic images in which scanning planes were parallel with the line drawn from the root of the zygoma to the inion (LZI). Slice A contained both the root of the zygoma and the inion simultaneously, and slice B displayed the mastoid emissary foramen. (3) Four points (α, β, γ, δ) were arranged on slices A and B, and point α was located at the inner surface of the skull, which represents the posterior part of the sulci of the sigmoid sinus. Point β was located at the outer surface of the skull, and the line connecting them was perpendicular to the bone. Similarly, on slice B, we labeled point γ as the point that represents the posterior part of the sulci of the sigmoid sinus at the inner surface and point δ as the point located at the outer surface of the skull, and the line connecting them was also perpendicular to the bone. The distances between point β and the lambdoid suture/occipitomastoid suture and between point δ and the mastoid emissary foramen were calculated for slices A and B, respectively. (4) During the operation, a line indicating the LZI was drawn on the bone with ink when the superficial soft tissue was pushed away, and this line would cross the lambdoid suture/occipitomastoid suture. With both the crosspoint and the distance obtained from the high-resolution CT images, we could locate point β. We also used the same method to locate point δ after revealing the mastoid emissary foramen. The line connecting point β and point δ indicated the posterior border of the sigmoid sinus, and the intersection between the line and LZI indicated the inferior knee of the transverse and sigmoid sinus transition (TSST).Results:All 35 patients underwent the RA craniectomies that were safely assisted by our technique, and neither the sigmoid sinus nor the transverse sinus was lacerated during the operations.Conclusion:Our cost-effective technique is reliable and convenient for identifying the transverse and sigmoid sinus transition (TSST) which could be widely performed to guarantee the safety of RA craniectomy.

简介：无

简介：