简介：［1］BorgeforsG.Distancetransformationsinarbitrarydimensions.Computer,Vision,GraphicsandImageProcessing,1984(27):321～345［2］LarkinJ.AnANSICprogramtodetermineinexpectedlineartimetheverticesoftheConvexHullofasetofplanarpoints.Computers&Geosciences,1991,17(3):431～443［3］SidesE,HackR.SeminarReport:three-dimensionalGIS:futuredevelopments.ITCJournal,1995(2):151～164［4］FritschD.Three-dimensionalgeographicalinformationsystemsstatusandprospects.In:InternationalArchivesofPhotogrammetryandRemoteSensing,Vienna,1996,(B3):215～278［5］GongJY,XiaZG.Anintegrateddatamodelinthree-di-mensionalGIS.In:ProceedingsofGeoinformatics'96WuhanInternationalSymposium.1996.107～120［6］ManacedonioG,PareschiMT.Analgorithmforthetriangulationofarbitrarilydistributedpoints:applicationstovolumeestimateandterrainfitting.Computer&Geosciences,1991,17(7):859～874［7］MolenaarM.Atopologyfor3Dvectormaps.ITCJournal,1992(1):25～33［8］PiloukM,etal.ATetrahedron-based3DvectordatamodelforgeoinformationIn:AdvancedGeographicDataModeling.NetherlandsGeodeticCommission,PublicationsonGeodesy,1994.129～140［9］LiQQ,LiDR.Datastructuresinthreedimensionalgeographicinformationsystem.JournalofWuhanTechnicalUniversityofSurveyingandMapping,1996,21(2):128～133(inChinese)［10］LiQQ,LiDR.HybriddatastructurebasedonOctreeandTetrahedronin3-DGIS.In:InternationalArchivesofPhotogrammetryandRemoteSensing,Vienna,1996,31(B4):503～507［11］LiQQ,LiDR.Studyondatastructurein3-DGIS.In:ProceedingsofGeoinformatics'96WuhanInternationalSymposium,1997.229～237

简介：Amethodofestimationofoccurrenceprobabilityofearthquakeintensityatagivensitefromtheresultsofaten-yearscaleofearthquakepredictiondescribedwithaprobabilityofoccurrenceinagiven"predictioncell"isproposedinthispaper.2316citiesandtownsinChinawereanalyzedbyusingthismethod.TheprobabilityofintensityⅥ-Ⅸweregivenforeverycity.Theseresultscanbeusedfortheearthquakeinsurance,lossestimation,andplanningofdisasterprotection.

简介：Theprobabilityofearthquakeoccurrenceintheforthcoming50yearsintheareaconfinedbyLinfen,Taiyuan,andDaixianbasins,ShanxiProvinceiscomputedbyusingadualPoissonmodelandthefutureseismicriskisalsocomputedbyusingaprobabilitydistributionintegratedwiththeattenuationlaw.

简介：OnthebasisoftherandomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA-fingerprinting(RAPD)method,10morphospeciesofscuticociliatesfrom7genera,including15clonesof13strains,Uronemarnarinum,Uronemacfmarinum,Parauronernavirginianum,P.longurn,Metanophryssimilis,M.sinensis,Paralembusdigitiformis,Mesanophryscarcini,ParanophrysmagnaandCohnilembusverminuswereanalysedusing8oligonucleotideprimers.Thegeneticsimilarityamongtheclonesofthesamestrainmeasuredbyaband-sharingindexis0.97～0.98,while0.40～0.52amongstrains.Thisvaluemeasuredis0.39～0.46amongcongenersofthesamegenus,whereas0.16～0.47betweendifferentgenera.Adistancetreewasconstructedbasedon8-primeranalysis,inwhichthescuticociliatesinvestigatedwereseparatedintotwoclusters:oneconsistsof2genera,UronemaandParauronema,andtheotherwascomposedoffive,Metanophrys,Mesanophrys,Paranophrys,ParalembusandCohnilembus.ItisdemonstratedalsothatthemorphospeciesParauronemavirginianummaybeaspecies-complex,i.e.,itcontainsdifferentgenospecies.

简介：Inthispaper,responsesofanewdual-inductionresistivitylogging-while-drilling（LWD）toolin3Dinhomogeneousformationmodelsaresimulatedbythevectorfiniteelementmethod（VFEM）,theinfluencesoftheborehole,invadedzone,surroundingstrata,andtooleccentricityareanalyzed,andcalibrationloopparametersandcalibrationcoefficientsoftheLWDtoolarediscussed.TheresultsshowthatthetoolhasagreaterdepthofinvestigationthanthatoftheexistingelectromagneticpropagationLWDtoolsandismoresensitivetoazimuthalconductivity.Bothdeepandmediuminductionresponseshavelinearrelationshipswiththeformationconductivity,consideringoptimalcalibrationloopparametersandcalibrationcoefficients.Duetothedifferentdepthsofinvestigationandresolution,deepinductionandmediuminductionareaffecteddifferentlybytheformationmodelparameters,therebyhavingdifferentcorrectionfactors.Thesimulationresultscanprovidetheoreticalreferencesfortheresearchandinterpretationofthedual-inductionresistivityLWDtools.

简介：TheoreticalstudyanddevelopmentofaduallinearpolarizationweatherradarinChinaarebrieflypresented.Alsodiscussedarethepotentialusesofthenewradarsysteminimprovingtheaccuracyofarealrainfallmeasure-mentsandanalysingthespacialstructureofstormsanddistributionofhydrometecrsincloudsbasedontheradarobservationaldatafromthefieldexperimcntsduringthesummersof1987—1989.TheresultsindicatethataC-banddualpolarizationweatherradar,afterconsideringthemicrowaveattenuationcorrection,maybeemployedtoquantitativelymeasurerainfallandtomonitorheavyrainandfloodeventsandbecomesanimpor-rantmeanstostudystormstructure.

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简介：回响在浅水里是重要的并且在OBC系列生产明显的槽口。它也降级节和增加的质量处理和解释的困难。这篇文章介绍在槽口之间的关系，射击基于地震卷绕旋转模型的深度，和海床深度。前面的建模基于波浪方程理论被用来验证这种关系。双传感器的求和被使用压制接收装置方面multiples并且基于OBC技术的详细分析根据对下面去的波浪地的地震检波器和水中听音器的相反的反应移开槽口。在实际应用获得的好结果揭示这个方法的有效性。

简介：ThedetailedkinematicstructureofaheavyraineventthatoccurredinthemiddlereachesoftheYangtzeRiverwasinvestigatedusingdual-Dopplerradarobservation.Avariationalanalysismethodwasdevelopedtoobtainthethree-dimensionalwindfields.Beforetheanalysis,adatapreprocessingprocedurewascarriedout,inwhichthetemporalvariationwiththescanningtimeintervalandtheeffectoftheearthcurvatureonthedatapositionweretakenintoaccount.Theanalysisshowsthatashearlineinthelowerandmiddlelevelsplayedanimportantroleintherainfallevent.Theprecipitationfellmainlyonthesouthendoftheshearlinewheresoutherlyflowprevailedandconvergenceandupdraftwereobvious.Withthemovementanddecayoftheshearline,theprecipitationmovedanddecayedcorrespondingly.

简介：本文主要介绍了用Dual83/20微机进行产时收集，处理激光测距资料的方法。所收集的测距参数有：激光发射时刻、测站和卫星之间的距离、卫星的方位和高度等。为了实时收集和处理大批量的各种类型的测距参数，我们在Dual83/20微机和SLR测距仪之间设计了一个接口转换系统。

简介：Basedonourpreviouswork,thewinterseasurfacetemperature(SST)intheKuroshioExtension(KE)regionshowedsignificantvariabilityoverthepastcenturywithperiodsof~6abetween1930and1950and~10abetween1980and2009.HowtheactivityoftheAleutianLow(AL)inducesthisdual-periodvariabilityoverthetwodifferenttimespansisfurtherinvestigatedhere.Forthe~6aperiodicityduring1930–1950,negativewindstresscurl(WSC)anomaliesinthecentralsubtropicalPacificassociatedwithanintensifiedALgeneratepositiveseasurfaceheight(SSH)anomalies.Whenthesewind-inducedSSHanomaliespropagatewestwardstotheeastofTaiwan,Chinatwoyearslater,positivevelocityanomaliesappeararoundtheKuroshiototheeastofTaiwanandthenthemeanadvectionviathiscurrentofvelocityanomaliesleadstoastrengthenedKEjetandthusanincreaseintheKESSToneyearlater.Forthe~10aperiodicityduring1980–2009,anegativeNorthPacificOscillation-likedipoletakes2–3atodevelopintoasignificantpositiveNorthPacificOscillation-likedipole,andthisprocesscorrespondstothenorthwardshiftoftheAL.NegativeWSCanomaliesassociatedwiththisALactivityinthecentralNorthPacificareabletoinducethepositiveSSHanomalies.TheseoceanicsignalsthenpropagatewestwardintotheKEregionafter2–3a,favoringanorthwardshiftoftheKEjet,thusleadingtothewarmingoftheKESST.ThefeedbacksoftheKESSTanomalyontheALforcingarebothnegativeforthesetwoperiodicities.Theseresultssuggestthatthedual-periodKESSTvariabilitycanbegeneratedbythetwo-wayKE-SST-ALcoupling.

简介：Soilerosionatthehilly-gullyregionoftheLoessPlateauhasobviousverticalerosionzonationfromwatershedboundarytogullyedge.Meanwhile,upsloperunoffandsedimenthaveasignificantimpactonthedownslopeerosionprocess.Butduetothelimitsofresearchmethods,thereisnotmuchdataavailabletoquantifytheeffectsofupsloperunoffandsedimentonthedownslopeerosionprocessunderdifferentconditions.Theobjectiveofthisstudywastoquantifytheeffectsofupsloperunoffandsedimentonthedownslopeerosionprocessusingadual-boxsystemwitha15°gradientconsistingofa2m-longfeederboxanda5m-longtestboxunderdifferentrunoffratesandsedimentconcentrationsinupsloperunoff,rainfallintensitiesandsoilsurfaceconditions.Theresultsshowedthatthesedimentregimewasdetachment-transportdominantatsteephillslopes.ThenetsedimentdeliveryScausedbyupsloperunoffwascontrolledbysedimentconcentrationinupsloperunoff,especiallybyinteractionoftherainfallintensity,runoffrate,surfaceconditionanddominanterosionprocess.ThenetsedimentdeliverySaccountedforthetotalsedimentdeliverySftatdownslope31.7%to97.3%and27.8to89.7%forbothlooseandcompactsurfacetreatments,respectively.Rainfallintensity,slopegradient,surfacecondition,andrillerosiondevelopmenthadimportantinfluencesonthedownslopeerosionprocess.

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简介：Thedesignprincipleandstructuralfeaturesofanewtypedual-channelground-basedmicrowaveradiometerformeasurementofwatervaporandliquidwaterintropospherearediscussed.Amethodindependentofradiosondedataisusedforsystemabsolutecalibrations.Astatisticalmethodforretrievingthetotalwatervaporandcloudliquidwatercontentandanonlineariterativealgorithmforretrievingthewatervaporprofilesinthetropospherearediscussed.Comparisonisconductedbetweenthemeasurementoftheintegratedamountsofthewatervaporandthetroposphericvaporprofilesbytheradiometerandtheradiosondedata.

简介：高周波的表面波浪雷达(HFSWR)和自动鉴定系统(AIS)是使用容器追踪的二个很重要的传感器。HFSWR能被用于在一个察觉区域追踪所有容器，当AIS通常被用来验证合作容器的信息时。因为从海喧嚷的干扰，为容器追踪采用单个频率的HFSWR可以遮住位于布拉格山峰的盲目地区的容器。在察觉频率分析变化为探讨这缺乏组成一个有效方法。由容器熔化追踪组成的一个解决方案用AIS校准的双频率的HFSWR数据被建议。因为不同系统的偏爱在HFSWR频率大小和AIS大小之间存在，AIS信息被用来估计并且改正HFSWR在每频率的系统的偏爱。首先，为合作容器的AIS点大小用一个日本胜利公司任务算法与HFSWR大小被联系。从合作容器的协会结果，在dualfrequencyHFSWR数据的系统的偏爱被估计并且改正。基于改正的双频率的HFSWR数据，然后，容器用一个双频率的熔化关节被追踪概率的数据协会(JPDA)-unscentedKalman过滤器(UKF)算法。用真实察觉数据的试验性的结果证明建议方法在在实时追踪容器是有效的并且能与追踪包含单个频率的数据的过程相比改进追踪的能力和精确性。

简介：大雨的三维的风领域在2005年6月12-13日与位于Meizhou和Shantou的城市的dual-Doppler雷达的卷扫描数据在广东省被检索并且学习。这被显示出中央--规模和中央--在低、中间的层位于对流系统的规模集中线在重降雨起一个重要作用。集中线是雨的开始并且维持的机制。三个维的运动学的结构模型也被给。

简介：一双决定(医生)一个地区性的整体Kalman过滤器(EnKF)的版本-3D整体变化(3DEnVar)联合了混合数据吸收系统为预报的运作的快速的刷新作为一个原型被实现系统。医生3DEnVar系统联合一高分辨率(HR)确定的背景预报与降低决定(LR)EnKF整体不安使用了让流动依赖者背景错误协变性生产HR分析。计算费用被在LR运用整体预报和EnKF分析实质地减少。医生3DEnVar系统用40/13-km格子间距联合在一个9天的时期上与3-h周期被测试。从DR混合分析的HR预报与从HRGridpoint统计插值(GSI)3D发射的预报相比变化(3DVar)LR混血儿分析的分析，和单身者插入内推到HR格子。与DR3DEnVar系统，为整体协变性的90%重量产出最低预报错误，DR混合系统清楚地超过HRGSI3DVar。湿度和风预报也比从插入内推的LR混合分析发射的那些好，但是温度预报是稍微更坏的。湿度预报最被改进。为降水预报，DR3DEnVar总是超过HRGSI3DVar。它也超过LR3DEnVar，除了起始的预报时期和更低的阀值。