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简介：Purpose:Thisstudyexaminedvariationinfootstriketypes,lowerextremitykinematics,andarchheightandstiffnessamongTarahumaraIndiansfromtheSierraTarahumara.Mexico.Methods:Highspeedvideowasusedtostudythekinematicsof23individuals.13whohabituallyweartraditionalminimalrunningsandals(huaraches).and10whohabituallywearmodern,conventionalrunningshoeswithelevated,cushionedheelsandarchsupport.Measurementsoffootshapeandarchstiffnessweretakenontheseindividualsplusanadditionalsampleof12individuals.Results:MinimallyshodTarahumaraexhibitmuchvariationwith40%primarilyusingmidfootstrikes,30%primarilyusingforefootstrikes,and30%primarilyusingrearfootstrikes.Incontrast,75%oftheconventionallyshodTarahumaraprimarilyusedrearfootstrikes,and25%primarilyusedmidfootstrikes.Individualswhousedforefootormidfootstrikeslandedwithsignificantlymoreplantarflexedankles,flexedknees,andflexedhipsthanrunnerswhousedrearfootstrikes.FootmeasurementsindicatethatconventionallyshodTarahumaraalsohavesignificantlylessstiffarchesthanthosewearingminimalshoes.Conclusion:Thesedatareinforceearlierstudiesthatthereisvariationamongfootstrikepatternsamongminimallyshodrunners,butalsosupportthehypothesisthatfootstiffnessandimportantaspectsofrunningform,includingfootstrike,differbetweenrunnerswhogrowupusingminimalversusmodem,conventionalfootwear.

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简介：IntroductionHIVserostatusdisclosurehasbecomeanentrycriterionforpreventionofsexualpartnersspread,soweaimedtoexaminetheprevalenceofdisclosureandassociatedfactorsamongpeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDS(PLWHA)inLiuzhouCity,GuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion,southernChina.MethodsThePLWHAwithmaritalorregularsexualrelationshipwereeligibleforourstudy,andaself-designedquestionnairewasassignedtoalltheconvenientlysampledparticipants.Determinantsofdisclosurewereanalyzedusingchi-squaretestandbinaryLogisticregression.ResultsAtotalof425PLWHAwereincludedinthepresentstudy.Twohundredandforty-five(57.6%)disclosedtheirHIV-positivestatustotheirspouses/regularsexualpartners,while180(42.4%)didnot.Amongthe245informedspouses/regularsexualpartners,236(96.3%)hadreceivedtheHIVtestingandthepositiveratewas50.4%.Whileamongthenon-in-formedspouses/regularsexualpartners,63(35.0%)hadreceivedtheHIVtestingandthepositiveratewas3.2%.BinaryLogisticregressionanalysisindicatedthatage,area,monthlyincome,HIV/AIDSrelatedknowledgeandantiretroviraltherapy(ART)wereindependentlyassociatedwithHIVserostatusdisclosure.ConclusionsThedisclosureratewaslowinthisstudy.Astoitsinfluencingfactors,itisnecessarytoprovidecomprehensivedisclosureconsultingamongPLWHAlivinginurban,theelderlyorhighmonthlyincomeandemphasizethepropagandaonHIV/AIDSrelatedknowledge,expandcoverageforantiretroviraltherapy,soastoprovidescientificreferenceforpromotingHIVdisclosureandreducingtheHIVincidenceofspouses/regularsexualpartnersamongPLWHA.

简介：Thestudyexaminedtheimportanceofcreativityandinnovationtomankindandwonderedthatdespitethefactthateveryhumanbeinghasadepositofcreativityinhim/herthatcouldmakeindividualstolivesuccessfullyinlife,manystillliveanidle,fruitless,confused,andfrustratedlife.Thisisoftencommonamongtheyouthswhoareexpectedtobethefutureleadersofthenation,hence,theproblemofunemploymenthasaggravatedtoanalarminglevelleadingtoanincessanthighrateofcrimeinNigeriaduetothefactthatpeoplehavefailedtonurtureanddeveloptheircreativity.ThestudythereforeinvestigatedtheeffectoftheSixActionShoescreativitytechniqueinfosteringcreativityandinnovativeskillsamongtheNationalYouthServiceCorps（NYSC）membersinNigeria.Thestudymadeuseofpre-test/post-testquasiexperimentaldesignwherebyarandomlyselectedsampleof70membersoftheNYSCcuttingacrossthesixgeo-politicalzonesinNigeriawhoseagesrangedfrom21-30（M=26.4）wererandomlyselectedfromtwolocalgovernmentareasofOyoState.Theywereassignedtotheexperimentalandcontrolgroupsbasedonballoting.Bothgroupsrespondedtoacreativityandinnovationratingscaletocollecttheirpre-testaswellaspost-testscores.TheexperimentalgroupwassubjectedtosixweeksoftrainingintheutilizationoftheSixActionShoeslastingfortwohoursperweek,whilethecontrolgroupwaitedfortheirturnlater.Attheendoftheexercise,the35membersintheexperimentalgroupremainedintact,whileonly32membersinthecontrolgroupcompletedtheexercise.Theone-wayanalysisofcovariance（ANCOVA）wasusedtotesttheonlyhypothesisgeneratedforthestudyatthe0.05levelofsignificance.TheresultshowedthattherewasasignificantmaineffectoftreatmentontheYouthCorps＇creativityandinnovativeskills,whichmeansthattheparticipantsexposedtotreatmentscoredsignificantlybetterthanthecontrolgrouponthecreativityandinnovative

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简介：Objective:Toinvestigatetheuptakerateofprostatespecificantigen(PSA)testingamongHongKongChinesemalesaged50orabove,andidentifyfactorsassociatedwiththelikelihoodofundergoingaPSAtest.Methods:Apopulation-basedtelephonesurveywasconductedinHongKongin2007.Thesurveycovereddemographicinformation,perceivedhealthstatus,useofcomplementarytherapy,cancerscreeningbehavior,perceivedsusceptibilitytocancerandfamilyhistoryofcancer.Descriptivestatistics,percentagesandlogisticregressionanalysiswereusedfordataanalysis.Results:Atotalof1,002menaged50orabovetookpartinthestudy(responserate=67%),andtheuptakerateofPSAtestingwasfoundtobe10%.Employmentstatus,useofcomplementarytherapy,perceivingregularvisitstoadoctorasgoodforhealthandtherecommendationsofhealthprofessionalsweresignificantfactorsassociatedwithPSAtesting.Conclusion:TheuptakerateofPSAtestinginthestudypopulationwasverylow.Amongallthefactorsidentified,recommendationsfromhealthprofessionalshadthestrongestassociationwiththeuptakeofPSAtesting,andtheyshouldthereforetakeanactiveroleineducatingthispopulationaboutcancerpreventionanddetection.

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简介：<正>AttheinvitationoftheChineseAssociationforInternationalUnderstanding(CAFIU),a10-memberJCI(JuniorChamberInternationalJapan)delegationheadedbyAgeharaYasumaro,ChairmanofJCIJapan-ChinaFriendshipAssociationandHayashiHiroshi,Vice-ChairmanofJCIJapan-ChinaFriendshipAssociationvisitedBeijingfromMay19-22.JuniorChamberofJapan(JCforshort)wasestablishedin1951andithas698chaptersacross