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简介：AbstractMucormycosis is a lethal human disease caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Mucormycosis is caused by fungi mainly belonging to the genera Mucor, Rhizopus, and Lichtheimia, all of which belong to the order Mucorales. The number of individuals with mucormycosis-causing disorders has increased in recent years, hence, leading to the spread of mucormycosis. Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, numerous cases of mucormycosis in COVID-19-infected patients have been reported worldwide, and the illness is now recognized as COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, with most of the cases being reported from India. Immunocompromised patients such as those with bone marrow sickness and uncontrolled diabetes are at a greater risk of developing mucormycosis. Genes, pathways, and other mechanisms have been studied in Mucorales, demonstrating a direct link between virulence and prospective therapeutic and diagnostic targets. This review discusses several proteins such as high-affinity iron permease (FTR1), calcineurin, spore coat protein (CotH), and ADP-ribosylation factors involved in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis that might prove to be viable target(s) for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

简介：AbstractIn order to effectively implement the Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for Codes of Conduct for Scientists, biosecurity awareness-raising and education are essential because if these are not in place scientists will not understand the need for biosecurity codes of conduct. In an effort to assist in the implementation of the guidelines, a small-scale survey was carried out in early 2022 of biosecurity awareness-raising and education projects that have been developed over the last two decades to discover what resources and experience have been accumulated. It is argued that the survey demonstrates that much of what is needed to implement the guidelines effectively has been developed, but that there are specific deficiencies that need to be remedied quickly. In particular, an updated teaching resource covering the core issues related to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) and the problem of dual use in scientific research needs to be made widely available and translated into at least the six official United Nations (UN) languages. Additionally, more specialists from the Humanities with expertise in ethics need to become involved in biosecurity awareness-raising and education activities. While advantage should be taken now of the available national, regional and international networks of people involved in related activities, it is suggested that in the longer term cooperation in biosecurity awareness-raising and education will benefit from the development of an equivalent organisation to the International Nuclear Security Education Network (INSEN) organised through the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

简介：AbstractBackground:Zoonoses are public health threats that cause severe damage worldwide. Zoonoses constitute a key indicator of One Health (OH) and the OH approach is being applied for zoonosis control programmes of zoonotic diseases. In a very recent study, we developed an evaluation system for OH performance through the global OH index (GOHI). This study applied the GOHI to evaluate OH performance for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods:The framework for the OH index on zoonoses (OHIZ) was constructed including five indicators, 15 subindicators and 28 datasets. Publicly available data were referenced to generate the OHIZ database which included both qualitative and quantitative indicators for all sub-Sahara African countries (n = 48). The GOHI algorithm was used to estimate scores for OHIZ. Indicator weights were calculated by adopting the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.Results:Overall, five indicators associated with weights were generated as follows: source of infection (23.70%), route of transmission (25.31%), targeted population (19.09%), capacity building (16.77%), and outcomes/case studies (15.13%). Following the indicators, a total of 37 sub-Sahara African countries aligned with OHIZ validation, while 11 territories were excluded for unfit or missing data. The OHIZ average score of sub-Saharan Africa was estimated at 53.67/100. The highest score was 71.99 from South Africa, while the lowest score was 40.51 from Benin. It is also worth mentioning that Sub-Sahara African countries had high performance in many subindicators associated with zoonoses, e.g., surveillance and response, vector and reservoir interventions, and natural protected areas, which suggests that this region had a certain capacity in control and prevention or responses to zoonotic events.Conclusions:This study reveals that it is possible to perform OH evaluation for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa by OHIZ. Findings from this study provide preliminary research information in advancing knowledge of the evidenced risks to strengthen strategies for effective control of zoonoses and to support the prevention of zoonotic events.

简介：AbstractBackground:Being able to predict with confidence the early onset of type 2 diabetes from a suite of signs and symptoms (features) displayed by potential sufferers is desirable to commence treatment promptly. Late or inconclusive diagnosis can result in more serious health consequences for sufferers and higher costs for health care services in the long run.Methods:A novel integrated methodology is proposed involving correlation, statistical analysis, machine learning, multi-K-fold cross-validation, and confusion matrices to provide a reliable classification of diabetes-positive and -negative individuals from a substantial suite of features. The method also identifies the relative influence of each feature on the diabetes diagnosis and highlights the most important ones. Ten statistical and machine learning methods are utilized to conduct the analysis.Results:A published data set involving 520 individuals (Sylthet Diabetes Hospital, Bangladesh) is modeled revealing that a support vector classifier generates the most accurate early-onset type 2 diabetes status predictions with just 11 misclassifications (2.1% error). Polydipsia and polyuria are among the most influential features, whereas obesity and age are assigned low weights by the prediction models.Conclusion:The proposed methodology can rapidly predict early-onset type 2 diabetes with high confidence while providing valuable insight into the key influential features involved in such predictions.

简介：摘要Pedro Delgado及其同事阐述了如何通过改善人群合作方式，达到缩小医疗公平差距的问题。

简介：摘要:跟随着发展的脚步，城市建设的速度越来越快。以致使人们对城市的生态环境重视程度逐渐忽视。单位GDP的增长，生态资源与环境压力放大。人们不良的生活习惯和企业为了追逐利益减少成本，使得不按环保部门的标准要求就直接排放污水等问题显现。

简介：摘要：随着社会的不断发展和进步，城市化进程的加快，园林绿化工程对于我国的城市建设起着越来越重要的作用。在园林绿化施工过程中，反季节施工是最较为常见的施工工艺，在进行反季节施工时，要遵循一定的规则，遵守绿植的生长习性，在合适的时间进行反季节栽植。利用反季节施工技术，能够突破季节对种植绿化的影响，加快施工进度，缩短施工工期，在最短的时间的完成园林景观效果。本文从优化城市形象、改善生活环境以及提升绿化水平几方面着手，阐述了反季节施工技术的重要性，阐述园林绿化工程反季节施工存在的问题提出了几点应对策略，为我国城市园林绿化工程高质量建设创造良好的条件。

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简介：摘要：随着社会的快速发展，家庭用车的需求量越来越大，带动了人们对于汽车的消费，汽车的需求量稳步上升。汽车行业的蓬勃发展和各种新型汽车的不断涌现，机械行业快速发展。因为现在很多车主都对自己的车辆保养非常重视，有的还对自己的车辆进行改装升级，以达到更快速起动和制动等良好性能，就必须了解一下自己车辆上制动系统的制动效果。自此本文主要从制动盘的定义、制动盘的作用、制动盘的材质、制动盘在车辆上的分布情况等方面来简要分析。

简介： 摘要：随着我国社会的进步和各项企业的蓬勃发展，客户对产品质量的要求也越来越高，其对于浮法原片的品质也随之变高，相对应的对于浮法玻璃的切割质量也提出了更高的要求。而影响到浮法玻璃切割质量的因素有很多，其中包括但是不限于玻璃的成分、化学的均匀性、退货质量以及操作手法等。本文将根据浮法玻璃的状态进行有效的分析，通过对其缺陷表现的形式加以研究，提出相应的措施，希望给予相关企业和单位参考。

简介：摘要：近年来，随着社会发展，我国的快速进步。对于冶金企业如何建立应急管理体系进行了深入的分析，指明了冶金企业安全生产应急管理体系构建的重要性，旨在提高冶金企业安全生产的能力和水平，推动相应工作的规范化和制度化，改变过去生产中存在的对安全生产重视程度不足、管理水平欠缺、制度不完善、人员违规操作和安全知识缺乏等现象，更好地指导冶金企业做好应急管理工作，最大化保证冶金企业的安全生产。

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简介：【摘要】工程物资管理和成本控制，在一项工程项目建设过程中发挥着重要的作用，工程项目的成本关系着工程单位的整体效益，而物资成本作为项目总成本的重要组成部分，应当充分做好这一部分的管理和控制工作，从而让工程建设的总成本得到有效地控制，让企业获得更大的经济效益和社会效益。因此，本文便主要分析了在工程项目中物资管理以及成本控制的相关内容，希望能够为今后工程企业的成本控制工作提供一些帮助和借鉴。

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简介：摘要：我国电力产业改革发展的不断深化，在一定程度上加剧了供电企业的管理与经营工作难度，企业在市场中可获取的利润越来越低，电力产业的可持续发展面临着巨大挑战。为了解决此方面问题，就需要优化电力计量管理工作，提高工作的规范化与科学性。本文将结合企业电力计量在实施中存在的问题，深入挖掘并剖析问题出现的原因，以此为依据，设计一种全新的电力计量管理方法，从而实现对企业在社会发展中经济效益的提升。